Stack (C++)

A stack is a standard C++ container adapter, designed to be used in a LIFO context,^[1] and is implemented with an interface/wrapper to the type passed to it as a template argument, which defaults to a deque.^[2] It is so simple, that it can be described just by a sample interface:

template<class T, Class C = deque<T> >
class std::stack {
protected:
C c;
public:
typedef typename C::value_type value_type;
typedef typename C::size_type size_type;
typedef C container_type;
explicit stack(const C& a = C()) : c(a){} // Inherit the constructor
bool empty() const { return c.empty(); }
size_type size() const { return c.size(); }
value_type& top() const { return c.back(); }
const value_type& top() const { return c.back(); }
void push(const value_type& n) { c.push_back(n); }
void pop() { c.pop_back(); }
};

^[3]

Overview of Functions

	Function	Description
Element Access	top	Get a reference to the top element of the stack, does not pop it
Modifiers	push	Push an element onto the stack
	pop	Pop off the top element of the stack
Size	size	Get number of elements

References

1. "stack - C++ Reference". cplusplus.com. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
2. Stroustrup, Bjarne (1997). C++ Programming Language. Addison-Wesley. pp. 475–476. ISBN 0201889544.
3. Stroustrup, Bjarne (1997). C++ Programming Language. Addison-Wesley. p. 475. ISBN 0201889544.