Stormé DeLarverie

Stormé DeLarverie
Born December 24, 1920
New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Died May 24, 2014(2014-05-24) (aged 93)
Brooklyn, New York, United States
Occupation Master of Ceremonies, Bodyguard, Singer, Bouncer, Drag king

Stormé DeLarverie (December 24, 1920 – May 24, 2014) was a butch lesbian whose scuffle with police was one of the defining moments of the Stonewall uprising, spurring the crowd to action.[1] She was born in New Orleans, to an African American mother and a white father.[2][3] She is remembered as a gay civil rights icon and entertainer, who graced the stages of the Apollo Theater and Radio City Music Hall.[1] She worked for much of her life as an MC, singer, bouncer, bodyguard and volunteer street patrol worker, the "guardian of lesbians in the Village."[3]

She is known as "the Rosa Parks of the gay community."[1][4][5][6][7][8][lower-alpha 1]

Stonewall uprising

Almost 50 years later, the events of June 28, 1969 have been called "the Stonewall riots." However, DeLarverie was very clear that "riot" is a misleading description:

It was a rebellion, it was an uprising, it was a civil rights disobedience — it wasn’t no damn riot. ~ Stormé DeLarverie[9]

At the Stonewall rebellion, a scuffle broke out when a woman in handcuffs, who may have been Stormé, was roughly escorted from the door of the bar to the waiting police wagon. She was brought through the crowd by police several times, as she escaped repeatedly. She fought with at least four of the police, swearing and shouting, for about ten minutes. Described by a witness as "a typical New York butch" and "a dyke-stone butch," she had been hit on the head by an officer with a baton for, as one witness stated, announcing that her handcuffs were too tight. She was bleeding from a head wound as she fought back. Bystanders recalled that the woman, whose identity remains uncertain (Stormé has been identified by some, including herself, as the woman, but accounts vary),[1][lower-alpha 2] sparked the crowd to fight when she looked at bystanders and shouted, "Why don't you guys do something?" After an officer picked her up and heaved her into the back of the wagon, the crowd became a mob and went "berserk": "It was at that moment that the scene became explosive." Some have referred to that woman as "the gay community’s Rosa Parks".[1][4]

“'Nobody knows who threw the first punch, but it’s rumored that she did, and she said she did,' said Ms. Cannistraci, an owner of the Village lesbian bar Henrietta Hudson. 'She told me she did.'”[3]

Whether or not DeLarverie was the woman who fought her way out of the police wagon, all accounts agree that she was one of several butch lesbians who fought back against the police during the uprising.[1][3][lower-alpha 3]

The Jewel Box Revue

During the 1950s and '60s DeLarverie toured the black theater circuit as the MC (and only drag king) of the Jewel Box Revue, North America's first racially integrated drag revue.[10] The revue regularly played the Apollo Theater in Harlem,[11] as well as to mixed-race audiences, something that was still rare during the era of Racial segregation in the United States.[8] DeLarverie, who cut a striking, handsome presence, inspired other lesbians to adopt what had formerly been considered "men's" clothing as street wear.[8] She was photographed by renowned artist Diane Arbus.[11]

In 1987 Michelle Parkerson released the first cut of the movie, Stormé: The Lady of the Jewel Box, about DeLarverie and her time with the revue.[10]

Honours and later life

DeLarverie's role in the Gay liberation movement lasted long after the uprisings of 1969.[3]

In the 1980s and '90s she worked as a bouncer for several lesbian bars in New York City.[3][12] She was a member of the Stonewall Veterans' Association, holding the offices of Chief of Security, Ambassador and, in 1998 to 2000, Vice President.[9] She was a regular at the gay pride parade. For decades Delarverie served the community as a volunteer street patrol worker, the "guardian of lesbians in the Village."[3]

Tall, androgynous and armed — she held a state gun permit — Ms. DeLarverie roamed lower Seventh and Eighth Avenues and points between into her 80s, patrolling the sidewalks and checking in at lesbian bars. She was on the lookout for what she called “ugliness”: any form of intolerance, bullying or abuse of her “baby girls.” ... “She literally walked the streets of downtown Manhattan like a gay superhero. ... She was not to be messed with by any stretch of the imagination.” ~ DeLarverie's obituary in The New York Times[3]

In addition to her work for the LGBT community, she also organized and performed at benefits for battered women and children.[8] When asked about why she chose to do this work, she replied, “Somebody has to care. People say, ‘Why do you still do that?’ I said, ‘It’s very simple. If people didn’t care about me when I was growing up, with my mother being black, raised in the south.’ I said, ‘I wouldn’t be here.’”[8]

For several decades, DeLarverie lived at New York's famous Hotel Chelsea, where she "thrived on the atmosphere created by the many writers, musicians, artists, and actors."[1][4]

From 2010 to 2014, she lived in a nursing home in Brooklyn.[3]

On June 7, 2012, Brooklyn Pride, Inc. honored Stormé DeLarverie at the Brooklyn Society for Ethical Culture. Michelle Parkerson's film. Stormé: The Lady of the Jewel Box, was screened. On April 24, 2014 DeLarverie was honored alongside Edith Windsor by the Brooklyn Community Pride Center,[6] "for her fearlessness and bravery"[7] and was also presented with a proclamation from New York City Public Advocate, Letitia James.[7]

She died peacefully in her sleep on May 24, 2014 in Brooklyn.[1][3]

Notes

  1. ↑ At the time, the term "gay" was commonly used to refer to all LGBT people.
  2. ↑ Accounts of people who witnessed the scene, including letters and news reports of the woman who fought with police, conflicted. Where witnesses claim one woman who fought her treatment at the hands of the police caused the crowd to become angry, some also remembered several "butch lesbians" had begun to fight back while still in the bar. At least one was already bleeding when taken out of the bar (Carter, pp. 152–153). Craig Rodwell (in Duberman, p. 197) claims the arrest of the woman was not the primary event that triggered the violence, but one of several simultaneous occurrences: "there was just ... a flash of group—of mass—anger."
  3. ↑ ibid.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Chu, Grace (2010-07-26). "An interview with lesbian Stonewall veteran Stormé DeLarverie | People, Celebrities, Actresses & Profiles Of Gay, Lesbian & Bisexual Women In Movies, TV Shows & Music". AfterEllen.com. Archived from the original on July 30, 2010. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  2. ↑ Goethals, George (2004). Encyclopedia of Leadership - Volume 1. Thousand Oaks: Berkshire Publishing Group LLC. p. 1494. ISBN 0-7619-2597-X.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Yardley, William (May 29, 2014) "Storme DeLarverie, Early Leader in the Gay Rights Movement, Dies at 93" in The New York Times.
  4. 1 2 3 Luce, James (07/12/2010) "Gay Community's Rosa Parks Faces Death, Impoverished and Alone" in the Huffington Post. Accessed 3/22/15
  5. ↑ Gremore, Graham (2014-05-27). "Stormé DeLarverie, "Rosa Parks" Of The Gay Rights Movement, Dies At 93". Queerty.com. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  6. 1 2 "Stormé DeLarverie — the gay community’s "Rosa Parks" — to be honored this Thursday at the 2014 Founders’ Ball". henriettahudson.com. 2014-04-24. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  7. 1 2 3 Potts, Andrew (2014-05-28). "Stonewall Riots veteran Storme DeLarverie dies at 93". gaystarnews.com. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Bendix, Trish (2014-05-27). "Stormé DeLarverie passes away, the community loses a legend". gaystarnews.com. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  9. 1 2 K, Kristi (2014-05-28). "Something Like A Super Lesbian: Stormé DeLarverie (In Memoriam)". thekword.com. Retrieved 2015-03-22.
  10. 1 2 "Women Make Movies | Storme The Lady of the Jewel Box". Wmm.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.
  11. 1 2 Fernandez, Manny (June 27, 2010). "A Stonewall Veteran, 89, Misses the Parade". New York Times.
  12. ↑ The gay & lesbian theatrical legacy ... - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2010-08-01.

Sources

External links

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