Swedish exonyms
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Below is list of Swedish language exonyms for places in non-Swedish-speaking areas of the world.
Older Swedish forms, which are not commonly used nowadays, are in brackets ().
In general
Diacritical marks (such as ´ ` ^ etc above letters) are generally stripped, except that Å, Ä, Ö, are kept, and usually also Ü and É (but È and Á are written E and A). Norwegian, Danish, Icelandic and Faroese Æ and Ø are often written as AE or Ä and Ö, especially in the press.
Foreign place names containing a direction such as South or Upper are often translated, e.g.:
- East Timor - Östtimor
- Northern Ireland - Nordirland
- South Africa - Sydafrika
but U.S. states nowadays keep their English names in Sweden:
- e.g. South Carolina and West Virginia
Albania
| English name | Local name (Albanian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Albania | Shqipëri/Shqipëria | Albanien |
| Tirana | Tiranë | Tirana |
Argentina
| English name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Patagonia | Patagonia | Patagonien |
| Tierra del Fuego | Tierra del Fuego | Eldslandet |
Austria
| English name | Local name (German) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | Österreich | Österrike |
| Alps | Alpen | Alperna |
| Tyrol | Tirol | Tyrolen |
Belgium
| English name | Local name (Dutch/French) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Belgium | België/Belgique | Belgien |
| Bruges | Brugge/Bruges | Brygge |
| Brussels | Brussel/Bruxelles | Bryssel (Brüssel) |
| Ostend | Oostende/Ostende | Ostende |
| Ypres | Ieper/Ypres | Ypern |
Bulgaria
| English name | Local name (Bulgarian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Bulgaria | Bâlgariya | Bulgarien |
| Balkan Mountains | Stara Planina | Balkanbergen |
| Danube | Dunav | Donau |
| Dobruja | Dobrudzha | Dobrudzja |
| Thrace | Trakiya | Thrakien |
China
| English name | Local name (Chinese) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| China | Zhōngguó | Kina |
| Beijing | Běijīng | Peking or Beijing |
| Canton | Guangzhou | Kanton |
| Great Wall of China | Chángchéng | Kinesiska muren |
| Hong Kong | Xianggang | Hong Kong |
| Tiananmen Square | Tiān'ānmén Guǎngchǎng | Himmelska fridens torg |
Croatia
| English name | Local name (Croatian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Croatia | Hrvatska | Kroatien |
| Dalmatia | Dalmacija | Dalmatien |
| Danube | Dunav | Donau |
| Istria | Istra | Istrien |
| Slavonia | Slavonija | Slavonien |
Cuba
| English name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Cuba | Cuba | Kuba or Cuba |
| Havana | Habana | Havanna |
Czech Republic
| English name | Local name (Czech) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | Česká republika | Tjeckiska republiken/Tjeckien |
| Bohemia | Čechy | Böhmen |
| Elbe | Labe | Elbe |
| Moravia | Morava | Mähren |
| Prague | Praha | Prag |
| Silesia | Slezko | Schlesien |
Denmark
| English name | Local name (Danish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Aabenraa | Aabenraa | Åbenrå |
| Aalborg | Aalborg | Ålborg |
| Aarhus | Aarhus | Århus |
| Elsinore | Helsingør | Helsingör |
| Copenhagen | København | Köpenhamn |
| Zealand | Sjælland | Själland |
Newspapers in Sweden usually write all æ as ä or ae and all ø as ö, because of the lack of æ and ø on the Windows keyboard layout for Swedish, and historically because of the lack of them on Swedish typewriters. Swedish newspapers often write aa as å, even though both forms of the same sound exist in Danish.
Swedish Wikipedia write Danish place names using the original æ and ø, except for those listed above.
Egypt
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Egypt | Miṣr or Maṣr | Egypten |
| Alexandria | al-Iskandariyya | Alexandria |
| Cairo | al-Qāhira | Kairo |
| Luxor | al-Uqṣur | Luxor |
| Nile | an-Nīl | Nilen |
Estonia
Estonia had a significant indigenous Swedish-speaking population until the mid-20th Century, so many of these names are not really exonyms in the strict sense of the word.
| English name | Local name (Estonian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Estonia | Eesti | Estland |
| Haapsalu | Haapsalu | Hapsal |
| Hiiumaa | Hiiumaa | Dagö |
| Kärdla | Kärdla | (Kärrdal) |
| Osmussaar | Osmussaar | Odensholm |
| Pakri | Pakri | Rågö |
| Ruhnu | Ruhnu | Runö |
| Saaremaa | Saaremaa | Ösel |
| Tallinn | Tallinn | Tallinn (Lindanäs, Räffle, Reval) |
| Tartu | Tartu | Tartu (Dorpat) |
| Vormsi | Vormsi | Ormsö |
Faroe Islands
| English name | Local name | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Faroe Islands | Føroyar | Färöarna |
| Tórshavn | Tórshavn | Torshamn or Tórshavn |
France
| English name | Local name (French) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| France | France | Frankrike |
| Alps | Alpes | Alperna |
| Aquitaine | Aquitaine | Akvitanien |
| Ardennes | Ardennes | Ardennerna |
| Burgundy | Bourgogne | Burgund |
| Corsica | Corse | Korsika |
| French Guiana | Guyane | Franska Guyana |
| New Caledonia | Nouvelle-Calédonie | Nya Kaledonien |
| Normandy | Normandie | Normandie or Normandiet |
| Pyrenees | Pyrénées | Pyrenéerna |
| Rhine | Rhin | Rhen |
Germany
| English name | Local name (German) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | Deutschland | Tyskland |
| Alps | Alpen | Alperna |
| Gottorp | Gottorf | Gottorp |
| Rhine | Rhein | Rhen |
| Rhineland | Rheinland | Rhenlandet |
| Ruhr district | Ruhrgebiet | Ruhrområdet |
Greece
| English name | Local name (Greek) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Greece | Hellas | Grekland |
| Athens | Athina | Aten or Athen |
| Attica | Attiki | Attika |
| Boeotia | Viotia | Boiotien |
| Corfu | Kerkyra | Korfu |
| Corinth | Korinthos | Korinth |
| Crete | Kriti | Kreta |
| Cyclades | Kyklades | Kykladerna |
| Dodecanese | Dodekánisa | Dodekaneserna or Tolvöarna |
| Epirus | Ipeiros | Epirus |
| Euboea | Evvia | Euboia |
| Heraklion | Iraklio | Heraklion |
| Ionian Islands | Ionia nisia | Joniska öarna |
| Macedonia | Makedonía | Makedonien |
| Missolonghi | Mesolongi | Messolonghi |
| Naupactus | Nafpaktos | Naupaktos |
| Patras | Patra | Patras |
| Pireus | Peiraiás | Pireus |
| Rhodes | Rodos | Rhodos |
| Samothrace | Samothraki | Samothrake |
| Sparta | Sparti | Sparta |
| Thebes | Thivai | Thebe |
| Thessaloniki | Thessaloniki | Thessaloniki or Saloniki |
| Thessaly | Thessalia | Thessalien |
| Thrace | Thraki | Thrakien |
Hungary
| English name | Local name (Hungarian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Hungary | Magyarország | Ungern |
| Danube | Duna | Donau |
Iceland
| English name | Local name (Icelandic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Iceland | Ísland | Island |
| Heimaey | Heimaey | Hemön |
| Reykjavík | Reykjavík | Reykjavik |
| Vestmannaeyjar | Vestmannaeyjar | Västmannaöarna |
Iraq
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Baghdad | Baġdād | Bagdad |
| Euphrates | al-Furāt | Eufrat |
| Tigris | Dijla | Tigris |
Israel and Palestine
| English name | Local name (Hebrew/Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Acre | ‘Akko/‘Akkā | Akko |
| Bethlehem | Beyt Leḥem/Bayt Laḥm | Betlehem |
| Capernaum | Kfar Nahum/Talhum | Kafarnaum (Kapernaum) |
| Galilee | HaGalil/al-Jalīl | Galileen |
| Hebron | Ḥevron/al-Khalīl | Hebron |
| Jaffa | Yafo/Yaffa | Jaffa |
| Jericho | Yeriḥo/‘Arīḥā | Jeriko |
| Jerusalem | Yerushaláyim/al-Quds al-Sharif | Jerusalem |
| Judea | Yehuda/Yahudia | Judeen |
| Nazareth | Natzrat or Natzeret/al-Nāṣira or al-Naseriyye | Nasaret |
| Tiberias | Tverya/Ṭabariyya | Tiberias |
Italy
| English name | Local name (Italian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | Italia | Italien |
| Alps | Alpi | Alperna |
| Calabria | Calabria | Kalabrien |
| Campania | Campania | Kampanien |
| Florence | Firenze | Florens |
| Genoa | Genova | Genua |
| Liguria | Liguria | Ligurien |
| Lombardy | Lombardia | Lombardiet |
| Naples | Napoli | Neapel |
| Padua | Padova | Padua |
| Rome | Roma | Rom |
| Sardinia | Sardegna | Sardinien |
| Sicily | Sicilia | Sicilien |
| Syracuse | Siracusa | Syrakusa |
| Tiber | Tevere | Tibern |
| Turin | Torino | Turin |
| Tyrol | Tirolo | Tyrolen |
| Umbria | Umbria | Umbrien |
| Venice | Venezia | Venedig |
| Venetia | Veneto | Venetien |
| Vesuvius | Vesuvio | Vesuvius |
Latvia
| English name | Local name (Latvian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Latvia | Latvija | Lettland |
| Courland | Kurzeme | Kurland |
| Latgale | Latgale | Lettgallen |
| Zemgale | Zemgale | Semgallen |
Lebanon
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Lebanon | al-Libnān | Libanon |
| Beirut | Bayrūt | Beirut |
| Sidon | Ṣaydā | Sayda (Sidon) |
| Tyre | Ṣūr | Tyros |
Lithuania
| English name | Local name (Lithuanian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Lithuania | Lietuva | Litauen |
| Lithuania Minor | Mažoji Lietuva | Lilla Litauen |
| Samogitia | Žemaitija | Samogitien |
Luxembourg
| English name | Local name (French/German/Luxembourgian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Luxembourg | Luxembourg/Luxemburg/Lëtzebuerg | Luxemburg |
Mexico
| English name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico City | Ciudad de México | Mexico City |
Morocco
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Morocco | al-Maġrib | Marocko |
| Casablanca | ed-Dah el-Biḍa | Casablanca |
| Marrakesh | Murrākuš | Marrakech |
| Tangier | Ṭanjah | Tanger |
The Netherlands
| English name | Local name (Dutch) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| (The) Netherlands | Nederland | Nederländerna |
| The Hague | Den Haag | Haag |
| Rhine | Rijn | Rhen |
Norway
| English name | Local name (Norwegian) | Swedish spelling |
|---|---|---|
| Bodø | Bodø | Bodö |
| Galdhøpiggen | Galdhøpiggen | Galdhöpiggen |
| Røros | Røros | Röros |
| Tromsø | Tromsø | Tromsö |
The mutually intelligible Norwegian and Swedish languages have different spelling systems for the same letters, which means that Norwegian letters æ and ø often are modified in a Swedish context. The Norwegian spelling is possible in some circumstances.
Poland
| English name | Local name (Polish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Poland | Polska | Polen |
| Carpathians | Karpaty | Karpaterna |
| Galicia | Galicja | Galizien |
| Gdańsk | Gdańsk | Gdansk (Danzig) |
| Masuria | Mazury | Masurien |
| Pomerania | Pomorze | Pommern |
| Silesia | Śląsk | Schlesien |
| Szczecin | Szczecin | Stettin |
Portugal
| English name | Local name (Portuguese) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Lisbon | Lisboa | Lissabon |
Republic of Ireland
| English name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Republic of Ireland | Irland | |
Romania
| English name | Local name (Romanian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Romania | România | Rumänien |
| Bucharest | Bucureşti | Bukarest |
| Carpathians | Carpați | Karpaterna |
| Danube | Dunărea | Donau |
| Dobruja | Dobrogea | Dobrudzja |
| Moldavia | Moldova | Moldavien |
| Transylvania | Transilvania | Transsylvanien |
| Wallachia | Țara Românească/Valahia | Valakiet |
Russia
| English name | Local name (Russian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Russia | Rossiya | Ryssland |
| Bashkortostan | Bashkortostan | Basjkirien |
| Caucasus | Kavkaz | Kaukasien |
| Chechnya | Chechnya | Tjetjenien |
| Chukotka | Chukotka | Tjuktien |
| Chuvashia | Chuvashiya | Tjuvasjien |
| Ingria | Ingermanlandiya | Ingermanland |
| Ingushetia | Ingushetiya | Ingusjien |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | Kabardino-Balkariya | Kabardinien-Balkarien |
| Kalmykia | Kalmykiya | Kalmukien |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | Karachayevo-Cherkesiya | Karatjajen-Tjerkessien |
| Karelia | Kareliya | Karelen |
| Khakassia | Khakasiya | Chakassien |
| Mordovia | Mordoviya | Mordovien |
| North Ossetia-Alania | Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya | Nordossetien |
| Pechenga | Pechenga | Petsamo |
| Petrozavodsk | Petrozavodsk | Petrozavodsk or Petroskoj (Onegaborg) |
| Priozersk | Priozersk | Kexholm |
| Red Square | Krásnaya plóshchad | Röda torget |
| Saint Petersburg | Sankt Peterburg | Sankt Petersburg |
| Shlisselburg | Shlisselburg (Шлиссельбу́рг) | Nöteborg |
| Siberia | Sibir | Sibirien |
| Udmurtia | Udmurtiya | Udmurtien |
| Vyborg | Vyborg | Viborg |
| Zelenogorsk [Saint Petersburg suburb] | Zelenogorsk | Terijoki |
Some of these names are not really exonyms in the strict sense of the word, as the places have been part of Sweden, some founded as such.
Saudi Arabia
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Jeddah | Jidda | Jeddah |
| Mecca | Makkah | Mekka |
| Medina | al-Madīnah | Medina |
| Riyadh | ar-Riyāḍ | Riyadh |
Slovakia
| English name | Local name (Slovak) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Slovakia | Slovensko | Slovakien |
| Carpathians | Karpaty | Karpaterna |
| Danube | Dunaj | Donau |
South Africa
| English name | Local name (English/Afrikaans/Xhosa) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Cape Town | Cape Town/Kaapstad/iKapa | Kapstaden |
Spain
| English name | Local name (Spanish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | España | Spanien |
| Andalusia | Andalucía | Andalusien |
| Aragon | Aragón | Aragonien |
| Asturias | Asturias | Asturien |
| Balearic Islands | Islas Baleares (Catalan Illes Balears) | Balearerna |
| Basque Country | País Vasco (Basque Euskadi) | Baskien |
| Canary Islands | Islas Canarias | Kanarieöarna |
| Cantabria | Cantabria | Kantabrien |
| Castile-La Mancha | Castilla-La Mancha | Kastilien-La Mancha |
| Castile and León | Castilla y León | Kastilien och Leon |
| Catalonia | Cataluña (Catalan Catalunya) | Katalonien |
| Galicia | Galicia | Galicien |
| Pyrenees | Pireneos (Catalan Pirineus, Basque Pirinioak) | Pyrenéerna |
| Tenerife | Tenerife | Teneriffa |
Switzerland
| English name | Local name (German/French/Italian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Alps | Alpen/Alpes/Alpi | Alperna |
| Rhine | Rhein/Rhin/Reno | Rhen |
Syria
| English name | Local name (Arabic) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Syria | as-Sūrīyah | Syrien |
| Aleppo | Ḥalab | Aleppo |
| Damascus | Dimashq | Damaskus |
| Euphrates | al-Furāt | Eufrat |
Turkey
| English name | Local name (Turkish) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Turkey | Türkiye | Turkiet |
| Anatolia | Anadolu | Anatolien |
| Antioch | Antakya | Antiochia |
| Bosphorus | Boğaziçi/İstanbul Boğazı | Bosporen |
| Cappadocia | Kapadokya | Kappadokien |
| Cilicia | Kilikya | Kilikien |
| Dardanelles | Çanakkale Boğazı | Dardanellerna |
| Edirne (Adrianople) |
Edirne | Edirne (Adrianopel) |
| Ephesus | Efes | Efesos |
| Euphrates | Fırat | Eufrat |
| Gallipoli | Gelibolu | Gallipoli |
| Halicarnassus | Halikarnas | Halikarnassos |
| Istanbul (Constantinople) |
İstanbul (Kostantiniyye) |
Istanbul (Stanbul) (Konstantinopel) (Miklagarðr/Miklagård (ancient Norse in the Viking age)) |
| Thrace | Trakya | Thrakien |
| Tigris | Dicle | Tigris |
| Trabzon (Trebizond) |
Trabzon | Trabzon (Trapezunt) |
| Troy | Truva/Troia | Troja |
Ukraine
| English name | Local name (Ukrainian) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Ukraine | Ukrayina | Ukraina |
| Carpathians | Karpati | Karpaterna |
| Danube | Dunai | Donau |
| Galicia | Halychyna | Galizien |
| Kiev | Kyiv | Kiev |
United Kingdom
| English name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Förenade kungadömet | |
| Great Britain | Storbritannien | |
| Hebrides | Hebriderna | |
| Inner Hebrides | Inre Hebriderna | |
| Outer Hebrides | Yttre Hebriderna | |
| Scotland | Skottland | |
| Northern Ireland | Nordirland | |
| Thames | Themsen | |
| Orkney | Orkneyöarna | |
| Shetland | Shetlandsöarna | |
Some areas beginning with British are translated, such as the British Virgin Islands into "Brittiska Jungfruöarna". (British Columbia in Canada nowadays kept)
United States of America
| English name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Appalachian Mountains | Appalacherna | |
| California | Kalifornien | |
| the Midwest | Mellanvästern | |
| Rocky Mountains | Klippiga bergen | |
| Southern United States | Sydstaterna | |
U.S. Virgin Islands
| English name | Local name (English) | Swedish name |
|---|---|---|
| Virgin Islands | Jungfruöarna | |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | Amerikanska Jungfruöarna | |
See also
- Names of places in Finland in Finnish and in Swedish - Swedish is one of the two official languages of Finland, so the Swedish names of places in Finland are not exonyms.
- List of European exonyms
- Names of European cities in different languages