Sydenham House, Devon

Sydenham House (previously, Sidelham, or Sidraham) is a seventeenth-century manor house in Marystow, Devon, England. It is situated about thirteen miles south-west of Okehampton. The Grade I listed building is situated on a 1,200 acres (490 ha) estate. Incorporating an older dwelling,^[1] and built for Sir Thomas Wise between 1600 and 1612, it was partially destroyed by fire in 2012.^[2] The gardens are Grade II listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.^[3]

History

Sydenham appears to have been originally held by four Saxon Thanes, whose names have not been preserved, and to have passed from them into the hands of that powerful noble, Judhaell de Totnais. On his banishment by William Rufus, his property was confiscated, and Sydenham gave its name to a family who still possessed it in the reign of Henry III, and was succeeded by a family called Mauris, from whom it passed in marriage to Trevage, and from Trevage to Wise. Part of the house dates from the fourteenth century, and is said to have originally formed a quadrangle or H, but in the reign of Elizabeth it was built into the shape of an E, and is a very perfect example of Tudor domestic architecture. Sir Edward Wise, in the reign of James I, very much beautified the house, and legend says that he tried to add such height and such an amount of granite to it that Risdon writes, "The very foundations were ready to reel under the burthen." There is a story repeated in many histories of Devon, and told by Lysons amongst others, that Sydenham was taken in 1644 by Colonel Holborne; but I have every reason to believe that the Sydenham garrisoned and taken was Combe Sydenham, in the parish of Stogumber, near Taunton, but the fact that within the last forty years a sword and other weapons, also seventeenth century horseshoes, have been found may be taken as a proof that fighting of some sort did take place. It is quite likely that Charles II, when Prince of Wales, did come here, as he is known to have been many weeks in the neighbourhood.^[4]

Architecture and fittings

It has four separate entrances, each opening on to a court or garden. Access to the front-entrance — commonly called the Green Court—is through an iron gateway, and above the central door are the Wise arms. Most of the windows have eight rounded granite mullions and small leaded panes of glass, and in some the original glass still remains. Two windows in the front are of Charles I.'s date, and have quaint fan-shaped lights. Over the large granite open fireplace in the front-hall is the date 1656, when the house underwent repair after damage, caused, it is said, in the Civil Wars. In making alterations in the kitchen chimney around 1888, a little hiding-place, or priest's room, was found opening out of it, and in it was an oak table and the remains of a chair; and since then large and small unsuspected rooms have been discovered, and it has been said that in the largest a troop could lie hidden. A secret passage leading from the house towards the river was found, bearing out the legend "that the Lady Wise of the day escaped with a large party by a secret passage near the river, and got into the woods undetected by the soldiers who were round the house." There is oak panelling in most of the rooms, and in the dining-room, the panelling is inlaid with an ivory-like substance. Secret passages exist to this day in the walls, which are of immense thickness, in some places being seven feet in depth. There are three oak staircases, the main one being carved with figures standing at the angles, and another having newels. In what goes by the name of the King's Room there is an ancient bed, with old red silk curtains and the Prince of Wales's plumes over it, in which Charles I and Charles II are reported to have slept.^[4]

Grounds

Sydenham stands in a valley on the banks of the River Lyd. It is overshadowed by woods on a hill-side that is steep and fairly high. At the foot, there is a rushing stream which is crossed by a bridge exactly opposite the front of the house. A wide lawn slopes away from the house, and a very small straight rivulet runs through it just a foot or two from the path. At the foot of the slope, there is a tiny lake, which, though very narrow, divides the lawn from end to end, and beyond the water the ground rises gradually.^[4]

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lady Rosalind Lucy Northcote's Devon: its moorlands, streams, & coasts (1908)

1. "Sydenham House, Marystow". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
2. Mcdermott, Kerry (15 November 2012). "Millions of pounds worth of damage caused as Grade I listed 17th century stately home is devastated by blaze after house staff are evacuated". Retrieved 17 November 2012.
3. Historic England. "Sydenham House (1000703)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
4. Northcote, Lady Rosalind Lucy (1908). Devon: its moorlands, streams, & coasts (Public domain ed.). Chatto & Windus. pp. 298–. Retrieved 17 November 2012.

Coordinates: 50°37′59″N 4°13′26″W / 50.6331°N 4.2240°W