Takenouchi-ryÅ«

Takenouchi-ryÅ« (ç«¹å†…æµ)
KoryÅ«
Foundation
Founder	Takenouchi NakatsukasadaiyÅ« Hisamori
Date founded	1532
Period founded	late Muromachi period (1336â€“1573)
Current information
Current headmaster	No single headmaster

Arts taught
Art	Description
Jujutsu	Grappling art, unarmed or with minor weapons
BÅjutsu	Staff art
Kenjutsu	Sword art
Iaijutsu	Sword drawing art
Naginatajutsu	Glaive art
Tessenjutsu	Iron fan art
HojÅjutsu	Rope-tying and restraining art
SakkatsuhÅ	Resuscitation methods
Ancestor schools
None identified
Descendant schools
Araki-ryÅ«

Hinoshita Toride Kaizan Takenouchi-ryÅ« (æ—¥ä¸‹ æ•æ‰‹ é–‹å±± ç«¹å†…æµ) is one of the oldest jujutsu koryÅ« in Japan. It was founded in 1532, the first year of Tenbun, on the twenty-fourth of the sixth lunar month by Takenouchi ChÅ«nagon DaijÅ NakatsukasadaiyÅ« Hisamori, the lord of Ichinose Castle in SakushÅ«. Although it is famous for its jÅ«jutsu, Takenouchi RyÅ« is actually a complete system of martial arts including armed grappling (yoroi kumiuchi), staff (bÅjutsu), sword (kenjutsu), sword drawing (iaijutsu), glaive (naginatajutsu), iron fan (tessenjutsu), restraining rope (hojÅjutsu), and resuscitation techniques (sakkatsuhÅ). Its jÅ«jutsu techniques have been influential in the founding of many other schools in Japan. Takenouchi RyÅ« is still actively transmitted today by members of the Takenouchi family, as well as by other groups both within and outside Japan.

History

According to the Takenouchi Keisho Kogo Den, the document recording the establishment and development of the school, Takenouchi Hisamori retired to the mountains near the Sannomiya shrine to train his martial skills. He practiced there for six days and six nights, wielding a bokken (wooden sword) two shaku and four sun in length (about 2 ft. 4 in. or 72 cm), a relatively long weapon for his purportedly short stature. On the sixth night he fell asleep from exhaustion using his bokken as a pillow. He was woken by a mountain priest with white hair and a long beard who seemed so fearsome to Hisamori that he thought it must be an incarnation of the god Atago. Hisamori attacked the stranger, but was defeated. The priest said to him "When you meet the enemy, in that instant, life and death are decided. That is what is called hyÅhÅ (military strategy)." He then took Hisamori's bokken, told him that long weapons were not useful in combat, and broke it into two daggers one shaku and two sun long. The priest told Hisamori to put these in his belt and call them kogusoku, and taught him how to use them in grappling and close combat. These techniques became called koshi no mawari, literally "around the hips". The priest then taught Hisamori how to bind and restrain enemies with rope, using a vine from a tree. Then the priest disappeared mysteriously amidst wind and lightning.

Takenouchi Hisamori's second son Hitachinosuke Hisakatsu became the second head of Takenouchi RyÅ« after his father formally passed him the tradition at the age of 64. He and his successor and son Kaganosuke Hisayoshi added their own techniques to the curriculum, extending it into a complete sÅgÅ bujutsu system.

Curriculum

Takenouchi RyÅ« is best known for its jÅ«jutsu, over which it covers an extensive ground. Its unarmed jÅ«jutsu techniques include tehodoki (grip breaking), ukemi (tumbling), nagewaza (throwing), kansetsuwaza (joint dislocation), atemi (striking weak points), shimewaza (choking), newaza (ground techniques), and kappÅ (resuscitation). These are combined to form kata for the various sections of jÅ«jutsu taught, including toride (capturing and restraining), hade (attacking vital points unarmed), and kumiuchi (grappling). These unarmed kata are the best known of the Takenouchi RyÅ« jÅ«jutsu, but they are not truly its foundation. As related in the establishment myth of the school, the central forms of jÅ«jutsu in Takenouchi RyÅ« are the kogusoku koshi no mawari, techniques of armed grappling using the short sword kogusoku against armed opponents. It is upon this foundation that the rest of the jÅ«jutsu techniques were developed by Hisakatsu and Hisayoshi, the second and third heads of the school.

Beyond the core of jÅ«jutsu, many different weapons are taught. These include the sword, the staff, rope tying, the naginata, and more. The sword curriculum is divided into major sections, with kenjutsu covering basic swordsmanship against a similarly armed opponent, saide covering grappling with the sword, and iai covering the techniques of rapid sword drawing and striking. The staff is central to Takenouchi RyÅ«'s study of movement, and as such forms an important part of the curriculum. Staff work addresses various lengths of staff, in particular bÅjutsu for the six shaku staff and shinbÅ for a slightly shorter staff. Other sizes taught include jÅjutsu for the common four shaku two sun staff, and hanbÅ for shorter sticks around three shaku in length. Rope restraints are an important adjunct to the arresting arts of toride, and the techniques of tying up opponents called hojÅjutsu or hobaku are taught using the haya nawa which is a two shaku five sun rope, traditionally of a purple color.

Takenouchi RyÅ« is perhaps lesser known for its other weapons techniques, but as a true sÅgÅ bujutsu it retains a number of weapons for use both on and off the battlefield. The naginata and kusarigama are covered, as well as the jutte truncheon, shuriken throwing darts, and the tessen iron fan. Some kata feature rather peculiar weapons intended to show the use of everyday objects for defense against sword attacks. These include the kasa, a Japanese style umbrella, and the nabebuta, a wooden lid for a cooking pot.

Takenouchi RyÅ«'s influence

Takenouchi RyÅ« has exerted a strong influence in the development of jÅ«jutsu. The branches of the Takenouchi RyÅ« have subsequently have influenced schools directly or indirectly and thus many techniques found in modern jÅ«dÅ and aikidÅ can be traced back to their roots in Takenouchi RyÅ« in one way or another. A number of important jÅ«jutsu koryÅ« were founded by students of the school, such as the Rikishin RyÅ«, Fusen RyÅ«, SÅsuishitsu RyÅ«, Takagi RyÅ« and its branches (such as Hontai YÅshin RyÅ«), and Araki RyÅ«. These ryÅ«ha have incorporated many techniques from Takenouchi RyÅ« either directly from the school or by analyzing the techniques of its exponents.

Takenouchi RyÅ« has documents by its founder on the use and teaching of rokushakubojutsu [6-foot-long (1.8 m) stick]. This makes it the oldest verifiable school to teach these skills and it is believed to have had a great influence on other arts teaching rokushakubojutsu. Other arts have long histories and claim to have been teaching rokushakubo, but so far no documents from the period have been found. It may be that these other schools added it later on to their teachings.

Lineage

As with any koryÅ«, the lineage of Takenouchi RyÅ« is a matter of importance and pride to its members. Since the tradition was maintained in the family a careful account of the successive leaders of the school has been kept over the centuries.

Family of Takenouchi-ryÅ«

1. Takenouchi NakatsukasadaiyÅ« Hisamori

2. Takenouchi Hitachinosuke Hisakatsu

3. Takenouchi Kaganosuke Hisayoshi

4. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisatsugu

5. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisamasa

6. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisashige

7. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisataka

8. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisayoshi

9. Takenouchi Gamonta Hisayori

9. Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisatane

10. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisao

10. Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisamori

11. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisanori

11. Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisamitsu

12. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisatsugu

12. Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisahiro

13. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisanori

13. Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisatake

14. Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisamune

After the 8th headmaster, Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisayoshi, the lineage was split into two branches called the sÅke and sÅdenke lines. This was done to ensure that the blood line and tradition would be preserved.

Soke Line ç«¹å†…æµ å®—å®¶

Soke line is a pure descendant of the Takenouchi family.

Actually, 14th descendant is family head master, to maintain and transmit carefully of its tradition and culture.

Soke line is actively transmitted in Japan and also in oversea, such as French Branch (Branch-master Yamashita Kazunori), oriented by Head-master Takenouchi TÅichirÅ Hisamune Sensei, who is 14th descendant of the Takenouchi family.

Soke line has classified as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Okayama Prefecture in Japan.

The sÅdenke lineage began with Takenouchi TÅjÅ«rÅ Hisatane.

BitchÅ« Den

As well as the two divisions of the school given above, another lineage exists branching from the third head of the school. This lineage, called the BitchÅ« Den Takenouchi RyÅ«, developed through Takeuchi SeidaiyÅ« Masatsugu who moved to Okayama, the capital of BitchÅ« Province (now western Okayama Prefecture).

The BitchÅ« Den lineage maintains the same curriculum with the addition of a few more techniques in certain areas. Although being cut off from the mainline for some time, practitioners of both the mainline and BitchÅ« Den have in recent times compared their techniques and found them to be essentially the same despite many generations of separation. This strongly attests to the successful transmission of this koryu over the years.

BitchÅ« Den lineage:

4. Takeuchi SeidaiyÅ« Masatsugu.

5. Yamamoto Kazuemon Hisayoshi.

6. Shimizu Kichiuemon Kiyonobu.

...

14. Takeuchi Tsunaichi Masatori. Head of Nisshinkan dÅjÅ.

15. Nakayama Kazuo Torimasa. Current head of Nisshinkan dÅjÅ, second head of Okayama Daigaku College KobudÅ Section.

16. Ono Yotaro Masahito. Head of ChÅfÅ«kan dÅjÅ and DÅshisha Daigaku College KobudÅ Section.

International branches of Takenouchi-ryu BitchÅ«den

There are two kinds of authorized training groups: dojo and study circles. Authorized dojo are usually headed by someone ranked Daigeiko or higher, have full teaching authority and limited authority to award rank. Study circles train with the permission of the head of ChÅfukan Dojo, have limited teaching authority and no authority to award rank. As of May 2014 there are four international dojo and several study circles.

Dojo

ShÅfukan æ¾é¢¨é¤¨, run by Anna Seabourne, located in the United Kingdom (West Yorkshire).

GyÅfukan æšé¢¨é¤¨, run by Anthony Abry, located in the United States (Seattle, WA).

Seifukan æ£é¢¨é¤¨, run by Wayne Muromoto, located in Hawaii.

ShÅfukan ç¿”é¢¨é¤¨, run by Alex Kask, located in Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Study circles

RyÅ«fukai é¾é¢¨ä¼š, run by Andrew Antis, located in Michigan.

Joseph Fichter teaches in southern Oregon.

Graham Pluck teaches in Quito, Ecuador.

International branches of Takenouchi-ryu Soke (ancient and honorable origin of Family)Line ç«¹å†…æµ å®—å®¶

Soke line, which has classified as Intangible cultural heritage of Okayama Prefecture, is actively trained in France oriented by Branch-Master Yamashita Kazunori, who is authorized by Head-master Takeuchi TÅichirÅ Hisamune Sensei, 14th descendant of the Takenouchi family.

French Branch of Soke (ancient and honorable origin of Family) Lines is called ç«¹å†…æµ ãƒ•ãƒ©ãƒ³ã‚¹æ”¯éƒ¨, conducted by Branch-Master, YAMASHITA Kazunori.

This is a first Authorized International branch of Soke (ancient and honorable origin of Family) Head-Master, TAKEUCHI Toichiro Hisamune Sensei, 14th descendant of the Takenouchi family.

References

Mol, Serge. 2001. Classical fighting arts of Japan: A complete guide to koryÅ« jÅ«jutsu. Tokyo: Kodansha International. ISBN 4-7700-2619-6.
Skoss, Diane (ed.). 1999. Sword and spirit. Volume 2 in Classical warrior traditions of Japan. Berkeley Heights, New Jersey: Koryu Books. ISBN 1-890536-05-9.

External links

Takenouchi RyÅ« official website official website of Takenouchi RyÅ« Japan, English and Japanese language
Takenouchi RyÅ« in the Koryu.com Guide to Classical Ryuha
BitchÅ«-den Takeuchi-ryÅ« at the ShÅfÅ«kan dÅjÅ in Vancouver, Canada
Article on an 1844 Takenouchi-Ryu text

Classical schools of Japanese martial arts

14th century (1301â€“1400)	ChujÅ-ryÅ« Kukishin-ryÅ« Nen-ryÅ«

15th century (1401â€“1500)	Kage-ryÅ« (Aizu) Tenshin ShÅden Katori ShintÅ-ryÅ«

16th century (1501â€“1600)	HÅzÅin-ryÅ« IttÅ-ryÅ« Jigen-ryÅ« Kage-ryÅ« Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryÅ« Kashima Shin-ryÅ« Kashima ShintÅ-ryÅ« Komagawa Kaishin-ryÅ« KyÅ«shin RyÅ« Maniwa Nen-ryÅ« MusÅ Jikiden Eishin-ryÅ« MusÅ Shinden-ryÅ« Shinkage-ryÅ« Takenouchi-ryÅ« Tatsumi-ryÅ« TendÅ-ryÅ« YagyÅ« Shinkage-ryÅ« Yoshioka-ryÅ« Toda-ha_BukÅ-ryÅ«

17th century (1601â€“1700)	Abe-ryÅ« Heijo Muteki Ryu HÅki-ryÅ« Hontai YÅshin-ryÅ« HÅten-ryÅ« HyÅhÅ Niten Ichi-ryÅ« Ikkaku-ryÅ« Isshin-ryÅ« Ittatsu-ryÅ« KitÅ-ryÅ« Mugai ryu Sekiguchi-ryÅ« ShindÅ Munen-ryÅ« ShintÅ MusÅ-ryÅ« SÅsuishi-ryÅ« SuiÅ-ryÅ« Tamiya-ryÅ« YagyÅ« Shingan-ryÅ« YÅshin-ryÅ«

18th century (1701â€“1800)	Tennen Rishin-ryÅ«

19th century (1801â€“1876)	Hokushin IttÅ-ryÅ« ShindÅ YÅshin-ryÅ« Tenjin Shin'yÅ-ryÅ«

Classical arts practiced BattÅjutsu BÅjutsu HojÅjutsu Iaijutsu JÅjutsu Jujutsu Juttejutsu Kenjutsu KyÅ«jutsu Naginatajutsu Shurikenjutsu SÅjutsu

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