Tenko (fox)

Page about tenko, in the Hokusai Manga by Hokusai Katsushika.

Tenko (Japanese: 天狐) are a type of divine beast in Japanese folklore.

A fox (kitsune) that lives for 1000 years becomes a tenko. They are able to see a thousand ri ahead. They have four tails unlike the lower-ranked existences, the yako, the kiko, and the kūko.

Tenko are of the highest rank of foxes in the Edo period, and in the essays "Zen'an Zuihitsu (善庵随筆)" and "Hokusō Sadan (北窓瑣談)," the foxes are ranked in the order of tenko, kūko, kiko, and then yako.[1][2] Also, in the Nihon Shoki, in the 9th year of Emperor Jomei (637), the great shooting star was written as 天狗 (normally read "tengu") and was given the reading of "amatsu kitsune," and from this, the essay "Zen'an Zuihitsu" put forth the theory that tenko and tengu are the same.[1]

Furthermore, at the first ridge of the Fushimi Inari-taisha, a male fox by the name of Osugi (小薄) is worshipped as Suehiro Daijin (末廣大神) (however, these foxes are always the divine messengers or household of Inari no Kami, not Inari no Kami himself).

In Ojika island in the Nagasaki Prefecture, the tenko is a type of spirit possession, and it is said that those who are possessed by it have a divination ability that is always correct, and is thus a divine spiritual power.[3]

Notes

  1. 1 2 笹間良彦 (1994). 図説・日本未確認生物事典. 柏書房. pp. 110頁. ISBN 978-4-7601-1299-9.
  2. ↑ 多田克己編 (1997). 竹原春泉 絵本百物語 -桃山人夜話-. 国書刊行会. pp. 159頁. ISBN 978-4-336-03948-4.
  3. ↑ 村上健司編著 (2000). 妖怪事典. 毎日新聞社. pp. 234頁. ISBN 978-4-620-31428-0.

See also

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