Ecologist Party "The Greens"

Ecologist Party "The Greens"

Abbreviation	PEV
Leader	Heloísa Apolónia
Founded	19 May 1982 (1982-05-19)
Headquarters	Rua da Boavista 83, 3.º Dto, 1200-066 Lisbon
Youth wing	Ecolojovem
Membership	6,000
Ideology	Green politics, Eco-socialism
Political position	Left-wing
National affiliation	Unitary Democratic Coalition
European affiliation	European Green Party
International affiliation	Global Greens
European Parliament group	The Greens–European Free Alliance
Colours	Green
Assembly of the Republic	2 / 230
European Parliament	0 / 21
Regional parliaments	0 / 104
Local Government	213 / 2,086
Website
www.osverdes.pt
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The Ecologist Party "The Greens" (Portuguese: Partido Ecologista "Os Verdes", pronounced: [pɐɾˈtidu ekuluˈʒiʃtɐ uʒ ˈveɾdɨʃ], PEV) is a Portuguese green and eco-socialist party. It is a member of the European Greens and a founding member of the European Federation of Green Parties.

It was the first Portuguese ecologist party, and since its foundation, in 1982, the PEV has had a close relationship with the Portuguese Communist Party, and now (as of 2013), after participating allied with it in the Unitary Democratic Coalition in all the elections, the PEV holds many mandates in local assemblies and two seats in the Assembly of the Republic.

The Party's youth wing is the Ecolojovem. It edits a newspaper named Folha Verde and its headquarters are located in Lisbon.

History and general information

The Party was founded 1982, originally named the Portuguese Ecologist Movement – Party "The Greens" (Movimento Ecologista Português – Partido "Os Verdes"), by a group of Portuguese citizens interested in the promotion of the ecologist movement in Portuguese society, with the support of the Portuguese Communist Party, including in its founders one of its members, Zita Seabra.

In the end of the 1970s, Earth was facing new ecological problems, such as the greenhouse effect and the depletion of the ozone layer and the lack of awareness of this in Portuguese society, along with the lack of an organized Ecologist movement, led to the foundation of the Ecologist Party "The Greens" in order to put such problems on the political agenda.

The Party created regional groups immediately following its foundation, groups that have continued to grow since then. The growth of the Party throughout the country allowed many members to integrate the electoral lists of the CDU, some being elected to very different tasks. Currently (as of 2013), The PEV has several members elected in Municipal Assemblies and Parish Assemblies, as well as two members elected in the Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese parliament). Those two members are Heloísa Apolónia^[1] and José Luís Ferreira.^[2]

There is some criticism of its close ties to the Communist Party. Given that PEV never stood in elections on its own, some right-wing politicians have gone to the point of nicknaming PEV "The Watermelons – Greens Outside, Reds Inside". However, official positions of both parties on certain questions can be quite different.

The PEV is also present in the National Electoral Commission and also in the National Council of Education.

The youth wing of the Party is the Ecolojovem, founded in 1989, which is a founding member of the Federation of Young European Greens.

The PEV edits a newspaper, the Folha Verde (Green Leaf), which received several press prizes for its unique design and style.

Electoral results

CDU results in the local election of 2005. (Azores and Madeira are not shown)

In elections, the PEV is closely allied with the Portuguese Communist Party, first in the Unitary Democratic Coalition. This explains a nickname given to Os Verdes by some: "melancias" (lit. watermelons): green outside, red inside.

Results in parliamentary elections

Results in Parliamentary Elections ^[3] (year links to election page)
Year	Coalition	Type of Election	Voting	%	Mandates
1987	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	685,109	12.2%	31 (2)
1991	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	501,840	8.8%	17 (2)
1995	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	504,007	8.6%	15 (2)
1999	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	483,716	9.0%	17 (2)
2002	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	378,640	7.0%	12 (2)
2005	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	432,009	7.6%	14 (2)
2009	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	446,174	7.9%	15 (2)
2011	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	440,850	7.9%	16 (2)
2015	CDU	Portuguese Parliament	444,907	8.3%	17 (2)

Note:

In brackets is the number of MPs elected by the PEV in the total elected by CDU.
In 1991 the overall number of MPs changed from the original 250 to 230.

Results in local elections

Results in Local Elections ^[4] (year links to election page)
Year	Coalition	Type of Election	Voting	%	Mandates
1985	APU	Local	942,147	19.4%	305
1989	CDU	Local	633,682	12.8%	252
1993	CDU	Local	689,928	12.8%	246
1997	CDU	Local	643,956	12.0%	236
2001	CDU	Local	557,481	10.6%	202
2005	CDU	Local	590,496	11.0%	203
2009	CDU	Local	537,329	9.7%	174
2013	CDU	Local	552,690	11.1%	213

European Parliament

These are the results for Unitary Democratic Coalition.^[5]

Election year	# of overall votes	% of overall vote	# of overall seats won	+/-
1987	646,640	11.5 (#4)	3 / 24
1989	594,961	14.4 (#3)	4 / 24	1
1994	339,283	11.2 (#4)	3 / 25	1
1999	357,575	10.3 (#3)	2 / 25	1
2004	309,406	9.1 (#3)	2 / 24	0
2009	379,787	10.6 (#4)	2 / 22	0
2014	416,377	12.7 (#3)	3 / 21	1

Note:

In 2004, after the enlargement of the European Union, the number of MEPs elected by Portugal decreased from the original 25 to 24, and in 2009 it further decreased to 22.

References

External links

Official web site (Portuguese)
Info on EFGP site (English)
PEV website in the Lisbon Municipal Assembly (Portuguese)

Political parties in Portugal

Parties represented in the Assembly of the Republic (230)	Social Democratic Party (89) Socialist Party (86) Left Bloc (19) CDS – People's Party (18) Unitary Democratic Coalition (17: Portuguese Communist Party, 15 — Ecologist Party "The Greens", 2) People–Animals–Nature (1)

Legislative Assembly of the Azores Autonomous Region (57)	Socialist Party (31) Social Democratic Party (20) CDS – People's Party (3) Left Bloc (1) Unitary Democratic Coalition (Portuguese Communist Party — Ecologist Party "The Greens") (1) People's Monarchist Party (1)

Legislative Assembly of the Madeira Autonomous Region (47)	Social Democratic Party (24) CDS – People's Party (7) Change Coalition (Socialist Party — Portuguese Labour Party — People–Animals–Nature – Earth Party) (6) Together for the People (5) Unitary Democratic Coalition (Portuguese Communist Party — Ecologist Party "The Greens") (2) Left Bloc (2) Independent (elected for the, now extinct, New Democracy Party) (1)

European Parliament (21)	Socialist Party (8) Social Democratic Party (6) Unitary Democratic Coalition (Portuguese Communist Party — Ecologist Party "The Greens") (3) Democratic Republican Party (1) Earth Party (1) CDS – People's Party (1) Left Bloc (1)

Non-parliamentary parties	Portuguese Workers' Communist Party LIVRE/Tempo de Avançar National Renovator Party Socialist Alternative Movement We, the Citizens! United Party of Retirees and Pensioners Christian Democratic and Citizenship Party Liberal Democratic Party Workers Party of Socialist Unity

Portal:Politics List of political parties Politics of Portugal

Green parties by country

Africa	Algeria Angola Benin Burkina Faso Rally of the Ecologists Ecologist Party Burundi Central African Republic Chad Cameroon Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Gabon Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coast Kenya Madagascar Mali Mauritius Morocco The Greens Izigzawen Mozambique Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Sierra Leone Somalia Green Party Democratic Green Party South Africa Green Alliance Green Party Togo Tunisia Uganda Ecological Party Green Party Zambia

Americas	Argentina Belize Bolivia Brazil Canada Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Guatemala French Guyana Haiti Mexico Nicaragua Peru Puerto Rico Saint Vincent and the Grenadines United States Uruguay Green Sol PERI Venezuela

Asia-Pacific	Australia Fiji French Polynesia Hong Kong India Iran Iraq Israel Meretz The Green Movement The Greens Japan Lebanon Malaysia Mongolia Civil Will-Green Green Party Nepal Hariyali Green Civil Society New Caledonia New Zealand Pakistan Papua New Guinea Philippines Saudi Arabia South Korea Sri Lanka Taiwan Uzbekistan Vanuatu

Europe (EGP FYEG)	Albania Andorra Austria Belarus Belgium Flanders and Brussels Wallonia and Brussels Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Green Party The Greens Croatia Croatian Sustainable Development Green List Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Socialist People's Party The Greens Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Alliance '90/The Greens Ecological Democratic Party Greece Hungary Dialogue for Hungary Politics Can Be Different Iceland Ireland Italy Federation of the Greens Green Italy Kosovo Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Montenegro Netherlands GroenLinks The Greens Norway Poland Portugal Earth Party Green Party LIVRE Romania Ecologist Party Green Party Russia Green Alternative (GROZA) Ecological Party "The Greens" (KEDR) Union of Greens (Green Russia) Alliance of Greens and Social Democrats Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Greens Youth Party Spain Catalonia Greens Confederation of the Greens Equo Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom England and Wales (Wales) Northern Ireland Scotland

Italic links indicate non-members or observers of the Global Greens.

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