The Raven (1915 film)

The Raven
Scene from the film
Directed by	Charles Brabin
Written by	Charles Brabin (scenario)
Based on	The Raven: The Love Story of Edgar Allan Poe  by George C. Hazelton
Starring	Henry B. Walthall Ernest Maupain Warda Howard Marion Skinner Harry Dunkinson
Production company	Essanay Film Manufacturing Company
Distributed by	V-L-S-E, Incorporated
Release dates	November 8, 1915
Running time	80 minutes
Country	United States
Language	Silent (English intertitles)

The Raven is a stylized silent 1915 American biographical film of Edgar Allan Poe starring Henry B. Walthall as Poe. The film was written and directed by Charles Brabin from a play by George Cochran Hazelton that was based upon his novel.

Plot

The film begins by tracing Poe's ancestral heritage before Poe himself is born. After the loss of his parents, Poe is taken in by the John and Francis Allan in Richmond, Virginia. The film then jumps ahead about 15 years to Poe's time at the University of Virginia. Due to debts from playing cards and a growing interest in wine, Poe begins to have difficulties. He hallucinates that he has killed a man in a pistol duel.

Poe meets Virginia and they spend a day together, riding a horse and sitting "beside the glassy pool of romance." He tells her a fairy tale, a raven perching on Poe's shoulder as he finishes the story, before they go on a walk together. Upon seeing a black slave (listed in the credits only as "Negro") being whipped, he buys the slave with an IOU for $600.00. The slave's former owner then goes to John Allan to collect the debt. Allan calls Poe a "scoundrel" for causing so many bills.

After having a drink with his "chum" Tony, Poe goes to visit Virginia. Tony follows shortly after and the two compete for Virginia's affection. Later, Virginia says she will choose the man who guesses which hand holds a wreath behind her back. Poe allows Tony to go first and, though he guesses correctly, Virginia secretly switches the wreath to the other hand so that Poe can win. Shortly after, in front of Tony and Virginia, Allan questions Poe's spending habits. Allan causes quite a scene, despite his wife's attempts to calm him. Poe is asked to leave the Allan family but Virginia offers to come along. Poe's recently purchased slave comes along as well.

Poe has an alcohol-induced hallucination that recreates his poem (and the film's namesake) "The Raven". As Poe sits alone, he hears a tapping at the chamber door. The door knocker moves on its own and Poe thinks he sees the outline of a large, black bird. As Poe stumbles outside, the word "wine" appearing on a rock he braces himself against, he sees a ghost. As he reaches for another sip of wine, a human skull appears in place of the glass. Finally, a raven makes its way into the room, repeating the word "Nevermore" as Poe attempts to talk to it.

Poe, in Fordham, New York, is in "dire poverty" along with Virginia and her mother Maria. Virginia has a terrible coughing fit, a sign of her tuberculosis. Poe, desperate for money, unsuccessfully attempts to sell some of his work to George Rex Graham. Virginia, bothered by the cold winter weather, is kept warm by Poe's old coat from his time at West Point and from their pet black cat. She dies the next day, causing Poe great grief.

Sarah Helen Whitman is introduced at the end of the film, assisting an elderly couple. She and Poe, however, do not cross paths. (It has been suggested that the surviving film is incomplete with portions of the plot from the final reel missing.^[1])

Cast

Henry B. Walthall as Edgar Allan Poe
Warda Howard as Virginia Clemm / Helen Whitman / The Lost Lenore / A Spirit
Ernest Maupain as John Allan
Eleanor Thompson as Mrs. Allan
Marian Skinner as Mrs. Clemm (credited as Marion Skinner)
Harry Dunkinson as Tony
Grant Foreman as George Rex Graham
Hugh Thompson as David Poe, Jr. (credited as Hugh E. Thompson)
Peggy Meredith as Mrs. Hopkins Poe
Frank Hamilton as David Poe, Sr.
Billy Robinson as Joseph Reed
Bert Weston as Negro
Charles Harris as Mr. Pelham (as Charles K. Harris)

Production

Henry Walthall was granted the lead role as Edgar Allan Poe after previously playing the same author in D. W. Griffith's The Avenging Conscience in 1914. Because of the repeat role, he was dubbed "the image of Poe."^[2]

See also

• Edgar Allan Poe in popular culture
• Edgar Allan Poe in television and film
• The Raven (1935 film)
• The Raven (1963 film)
• The Death of Poe (2006 DVD which includes The Raven as a special feature)

References

1. Soister, John T.; Nicolella, Henry (2012). American Silent Horror, Science Fiction and Fantasy Feature Films, 1913-1929. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 483. ISBN 978-0-7864-3581-4.
2. Smith, Don G. (1999). The Poe Cinema: A Critical Filmography. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 20. ISBN 0-7864-1703-X.

External links

• The Raven at the Internet Movie Database