List of southernmost items

Cities and settlements

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Capital (of an independent nation) Wellington, New Zealand 41°17′20″S 174°46′38″E / 41.28889°S 174.77722°E / -41.28889; 174.77722 (Wellington, New Zealand)
Permanent settlement of any size Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica 90°S 0°E / 90°S 0°E / -90; 0 (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica)
Settlement capable of housing more than 1,000 people[1]McMurdo Station, Antarctica77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)
City > 1,000 peoplePuerto Williams, Chile54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
City > 50,000 peopleUshuaia, Argentina54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
City > 100,000 peoplePunta Arenas, Chile53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
City > 1,000,000 peopleMelbourne, Australia37°48′49″S 144°57′47″E / 37.81361°S 144.96306°E / -37.81361; 144.96306 (Melbourne, Australia)
City > 10,000,000 peopleSão Paulo, Brazil23°33′0″S 46°38′0″W / 23.55000°S 46.63333°W / -23.55000; -46.63333 (São Paulo, Brazil)

Shops and service facilities

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Kindergarten Puerto Williams,[2] Chile 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Kindergarten in Puerto Williams)
UNESCO world heritage site (cultural) Cueva de las Manos, Argentina[3] 47°9′S 70°40′W / 47.150°S 70.667°W / -47.150; -70.667 (Cueva de las Manos, Argentina)
UNESCO world heritage site (natural) Macquarie Island, Australia[3] 54°38′S 158°52′E / 54.633°S 158.867°E / -54.633; 158.867 (Macquarie Island, Australia)
Primary school Escuela Nº 38 “Presidente Raúl Ricardo Alfonsín”, Esperanza Base, Antarctica[4] 63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica)
Secondary school Puerto Williams, Chile[5] 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
University National University of Tierra del Fuego, Ushuaia, Argentina[6] 54°48′57″S 68°19′04″W / 54.81583°S 68.31778°W / -54.81583; -68.31778 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
Tourist office Puerto Williams,[7] Chile 54°55′59″S 67°37′00″W / 54.93306°S 67.61667°W / -54.93306; -67.61667 (Puerto Williams, Chile)
Automated teller machine McMurdo Station, Antarctica[8] 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)
Public post office Port Lockroy, Goudier Island, Antarctica[9] 64°49′S 63°30′W / 64.817°S 63.500°W / -64.817; -63.500 (Port Lockroy, Antarctica)
Cinema Jubany Base, Antarctic Peninsula 62°14′S 58°40′W / 62.233°S 58.667°W / -62.233; -58.667 (Jubany)
Ski resort Cerro Castor, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina[10] 54°43′S 68°00′W / 54.717°S 68.000°W / -54.717; -68.000 (Cerro Castor)

Fast food chains

Item Place Latitude/longitude
McDonald's Invercargill, New Zealand[11] 46°25′15″S 168°21′41″E / 46.420921°S 168.361503°E / -46.420921; 168.361503
Subway Ushuaia, Argentina[12] 54°47′58″S 68°16′44″W / 54.799533°S 68.279024°W / -54.799533; -68.279024
Burger King Invercargill, New Zealand[13] 46°24′48″S 168°21′42″E / 46.413267°S 168.361750°E / -46.413267; 168.361750

Geography

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Body of water (navigable) Bay of Whales, Ross Sea 78°30′S 164°20′W / 78.500°S 164.333°W / -78.500; -164.333
Land the Geographic South Pole, Antarctica 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E / -90.000; -0.000 (South Pole, Antarctica)
Land (excluding Antarctica) Thule Island, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 59°31′50″S 27°23′50″W / 59.53056°S 27.39722°W / -59.53056; -27.39722

Islands

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Any island (above sea level) Roosevelt Island, Antarctica 79°25′S 162°00′W / 79.417°S 162.000°W / -79.417; -162.000
Any island (with bare rock) Ross Island 77°50′S 166°40′E / 77.833°S 166.667°E / -77.833; 166.667
Any size excluding Antarctica Thule Island 59°27′S 27°18′W / 59.450°S 27.300°W / -59.450; -27.300
Island > 10,000 km excluding Antarctica2 Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina/Chile 55°02′S 56°27′W / 55.033°S 56.450°W / -55.033; -56.450
Island > 100,000 km2 South Island, New Zealand 46°40′S 169°00′E / 46.667°S 169.000°E / -46.667; 169.000

Berkner Island is further South than any of these, but don't reach sea level and is fully ice covered and may be considered an under-sea mountatain. See also List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands

Nature

Animals

Item Place Latitude/longitude
South polar skua seen at the South Pole[14] 90°00′S 00°00′W / 90.000°S -0.000°E / -90.000; -0.000 (South Pole, Antarctica)

Plants

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Flowering plants (in greenhouses) Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica[15] 90°00′S 139°16′W / 90.000°S 139.267°W / -90.000; -139.267 (Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica)
Grass and flowering plants (naturally occurring) Terra Firma Islands, Antarctica[16] 68°42′S 67°32′W / 68.700°S 67.533°W / -68.700; -67.533 (Terra Firma Islands)
Trees (naturally occurring) Hoste Island, Chile 55°20′S 68°50′W / 55.333°S 68.833°W / -55.333; -68.833 (Hoste Island)
Palms (nikau (Rhopalostylis sapida), naturally occurring) Chatham Islands, New Zealand[17] 44°02′S 176°26′W / 44.033°S 176.433°W / -44.033; -176.433 (Chatham Islands, New Zealand)

Gardens, zoos and aquaria

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Penguin reserve Magdalena Island Penguin Reserve, Magdalena Island, Magallanes Region, Chile[18] 52°55′S 70°35′W / 52.917°S 70.583°W / -52.917; -70.583 (Magdalena Island, Chile)

Religion

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Church (ice-made) permanent Catholic Church ice-made temple, Belgrano II Base, Antarctica[19][20] 77°52′S 34°37′W / 77.867°S 34.617°W / -77.867; -34.617 (Belgrano II Base, Antarctica)
Church (regular) Trinity Church, Antarctica (Russian Orthodox Church), King George Island, Antarctica[21] 62°12′S 58°58′W / 62.200°S 58.967°W / -62.200; -58.967 (King George Island, Antarctica)
Cathedral El Sagrado Corazón, Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Punta Arenas, Chile[22] 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
Hindu temple Centro Cultural y Templo Hindu, Punta Arenas, Chile[23] 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 (Punta Arenas, Chile)
Mosque Southland Muslim Association, Invercargill, New Zealand[24] 46°24′S 168°23′E / 46.400°S 168.383°E / -46.400; 168.383 (Invercargill, New Zealand)
Synagogue Dunedin Synagogue, Dunedin, New Zealand[25][26] 45°52′S 170°30′E / 45.867°S 170.500°E / -45.867; 170.500 (Dunedin, New Zealand)
Buddhist stupa the Enlightenment Stupa at Portobello, Dunedin, New Zealand[27] 45°51′S 170°39′E / 45.850°S 170.650°E / -45.850; 170.650 (Portobello, New Zealand)
Sikh Gurdwara New Zealand Sikh Society, Wellington, New Zealand, [28] 41°07′39″S 174°52′49″E / 41.127512°S 174.880168°E / -41.127512; 174.880168 (New Zealand Sikh Society)

Science

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Nuclear power plant Atucha I, Argentina[29] 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina)
Atucha II, Argentina 33°58′S 59°12′W / 33.967°S 59.200°W / -33.967; -59.200 (Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant, Argentina)

Transportation

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Railway Southern Fuegian Railway (Ferrocarril Austral Fueguino) from Ushuaia to the Tierra del Fuego National Park in Argentina[30] 54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 (Ushuaia, Argentina)
Seaport Winter Quarters Bay, McMurdo Station, Antarctica[31] 77°51′S 166°40′E / 77.850°S 166.667°E / -77.850; 166.667 (McMurdo Station, Antarctica)
International airport Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport, Ushuaia, Argentina 54°50′S 068°17′W / 54.833°S 68.283°W / -54.833; -68.283 (Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport)
Airfield (permanent, no scheduled flights) Jack F. Paulus Skiway at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, Antarctica 89°59′22″S 1°0′0″W / 89.98944°S 1.00000°W / -89.98944; -1.00000 (Jack F. Paulus Skiway, Antarctica)
Metro station Plaza de los Virreyes (Buenos Aires Metro), Buenos Aires, Argentina 34°38′34.9″S 58°27′41.8″W / 34.643028°S 58.461611°W / -34.643028; -58.461611 (Plaza de los Virreyes metro station)

Other

Item Place Latitude/longitude
Place of birth of a human (Emilio Marcos Palma (in 1978) and seven others) Esperanza Base, Antarctica[32] 63°24′S 57°00′W / 63.400°S 57.000°W / -63.400; -57.000 (Esperanza Base, Antarctica)

See also

References

  1. http://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/antpanel/4past.htm
  2. : : Dirección de Bienestar de la Armada de Chile : :
  3. 1 2 World Heritage List and List of World Heritage Sites in the Americas
  4. Page of Escuela Nº 38, province of Tierra del Fuego, department of Antártida Argentina
  5. http://www.municipalidadcabodehornos.cl/Paginas/liceo/t_director.htm
  6. "Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego »". UNTDF. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
  7. Archived January 30, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
  8. Wells Fargo has an ATM in Antarctica
  9. Antarctic Heritage Trust
  10. Cerro Castor: esquí en el Fin del Mundo Revista Magna.
  11. Skuas - Wildlife of Antarctica - Antarctic Connection
  12. UA, Tempe company bring veggies to South Pole
  13. "Frozen Under." National Geographic Magazine.
  14. Bushmansfriend: Forest walks, Nature Photography & NZ Flora - Native Plant Information - New Zealand, native trees,natives,shrubs,information
  15. Penguins of Magdalena Island, Punta Arenas, Chile
  16. Church in ice cave at Belgrano II station, Antarctica
  17. Mass at ice church in Belgrano II Base
  18. Cary Johnston, Sean Thomas (June 18, 2011). "Southernmost Russian Orthodox Church – comfort in the cold". RT.com. Retrieved October 10, 2010. ...This makes the Trinity Church the southernmost Russian Orthodox church on the planet.
  19. Obispado de Punta Arenas
  20. Archived July 4, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
  21. "Southland Muslim Association Inc, Invercargill, 9810, New Zealand - Islamic Centers, Masjids Mosques, Muslim Owned Businesses, Islamic Schools and Colleges". Islamicfinder.org. 2011-04-20. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
  22. NZ Jewish Archives - Temple Sinai
  23. Google Books: The New Zealand Jewish Community By Stephen I. Levine
  24. Dhargyey Buddhist Centre Home Page
  25. Nucleoeléctrica Argentina (in Spanish)
  26. El Tren del Fin del Mundo: Official site
  27. Klein, Andrew G.; Kennicutt, Mahlon C.; Wolff, Gary A.; Sweet, Steve T.; Bloxom, Tiffany; Gielstra, Dianna A.; Cleckley, Marietta (2008). "The historical development of McMurdo station, Antarctica, an environmental perspective". Polar Geography 31 (3): 119–144. doi:10.1080/10889370802579856. Winter Quarters Bay is the world's southernmost port.
  28. Times On Line article on Antarctica
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