Theodore Bibliander
Theodore Bibliander
Theodore (or Theodorus) Bibliander (German: Theodor Buchmann; 1509, Bischofszell – 26 September 1564, Zurich) was a Swiss Orientalist, publisher, and linguist. Born Theodor Buchmann (Bibliander is a Greek translation of this surname) in Bischofszell, he studied Latin under Oswald Myconius, and Greek and Hebrew under Jakob Ceporin, and attended lectures in Basel between 1525–7 given by Johannes Oecolampadius and Konrad Pelikan. He also became familiar with the Arabic language and other languages from the East; he became a professor of theology. He published a Hebrew grammar in 1535, and commentaries on the Bible. He published the first printed edition of the Qur'an in Latin (Basel, 1543), based on the medieval translation of Robert of Ketton. The edition included Doctrina Machumet, a translation of the Arabic theological tract known as the Book of a Thousand Questions. Considered the father of biblical exegesis in Switzerland, Bibliander became involved in a doctrinal controversy with Pietro Martire Vermigli (Peter Martyr) over predestination; he was removed from his theological professorship at the Carolinum academy in 1560. He died of the plague.
Works
- Institutionum grammaticarum de lingua Hebraea liber unus, Zurich, 1535
- De optimo genere grammaticorum Hebraicorum, Hieronymus Curio, Zurich, 1542
- Machumetis Saracenorum principis eiusque successorum vitae ac doctrina ipseque Alcoran, Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1543, 1550. (Qur'an: on-line text with critical apparatus in French, on-line text with critical apparatus in German)
- Relatio fidelis, Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1545
- De ratione communi omnium linguarum et litterarum commentarius, Christoph Froschauer, Zurich, 1548
- De ratione temporum, Johannes Oporin, Basel, 1551
- Temporum a condito mundo usque ad ultimam ipsius aetatem supputatio, Johannses Oporin, Basel, 1558
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