Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area

Map of the Metropolitan Area of Thessaloniki.

The Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area or Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) is the complete area covered and directly influenced by Greece's second-largest city, Thessaloniki. The metropolitan area traditionally consisted of the municipality of Thessaloniki and its immediate surroundings, what is today referred to as the Thessaloniki Urban Area. However, since the mid to late 1990s, the areas surrounding the urban area, have succumbed to urban sprawl and what used to be agrarian communities are rapidly urbanizing and being developed into suburbs or exurbs. This is creating new problems for a region already facing issues such as pollution, traffic congestion and social ills.

Thessalonians usually refer to 13 municipalities and one community as the "City of Thessaloniki" (or the Thessaloniki Urban Area); this is the contiguous densely built-up urban area of the city. However, the metropolitan area also includes the city's immediate surroundings, adjacent zone of influence and its low to medium density suburbs that surround the densely built-up urban area.

Geography

The municipalities that have been historically associated with the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area (and are part of the current Thessaloniki Urban Area), in descending order of population are Thessaloniki, Kalamaria, Evosmos, Sykies, Stavroupoli, Ampelokipoi, Polichni, Neapoli, Pylaia, Eleftherio-Kordelio, Menemeni, Triandria, Agios Pavlos and the community of Efkarpia.

However, with urban sprawl, more municipalities are being interconnected with the growing region. The region now consists of all the traditional areas noted above as well as the newly emerging suburbs and exurbs to the northwest, north, east and southeast of the city. Also, the industrial areas to the west are becoming more interwoven with the fabric of the city as new infrastructure encroaches on these areas.

Two old suburbs that are increasingly coalescing into the urban area, due to its expansion and the creation of new transportation networks, are those of Oraiokastro and Panorama. While Oraiokastro has traditionally been a middle class suburb, Panorama has been a more upscale suburb and is considered as the city's most exclusive.

The main eastern and southeastern suburbs include the municipalities of Thermaikos, Thermi, Chortiatis, Mikra, Michaniona, Vasilika and Epanomi; while the main western suburbs include the municipalities of Echedoros and Chalastra.

Demographics

The municipalities to the west of Thessaloniki are increasingly becoming home to new immigrants and are predominantly working class areas. The newly emerging suburbs to the east are where the vast majority of the middle class residents are moving to. Many of these suburbs are seeing rapid growth and development and infrastructure is not keeping pace.

Population

By far the largest municipality in the metropolitan area is the municipality of Thessaloniki (the city center).

A census carried out by Eurostat in 2004 has revealed an increased population for the metropolitan area or Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) of Thessaloniki of an estimated 995,766 residents (2004), while calculating its real area to be 1,455.62 square kilometres (562.02 sq mi).^[1]

The table below lists the municipalities/suburbs of the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area in bold, among those of the city's Urban Area. Population and area data from the Greek 2001 Census.

Table source: National Statistical Service of Greece^[2]

Municipality[3]	Population	Area in km²[4] (square miles)
Thessaloniki	363,987	17.817 (11.07)
Kalamaria	87,255	6.401 (3.98)
Evosmos	52,624	9.927 (6.17)
Sykies	41,726	7.982 (4.96)
Stavroupoli	41,653	3.175 (1.97)
Ampelokipoi	40,959	1.803 (1.12)
Polichni	36,146	7.325 (4.55)
Neapoli	30,279	1.168 (0.73)
Echedoros	23,924	103.147/102.922 (64.09/63.95)
Pylaia	22,744	24.379 (15.15)
Eleftherio-Kordelio	21,630	3.431 (2.13)
Thermaikos	20,253	20.3 (12.61)
Thermi	16,546	100.943 (62.72)
Menemeni	14,910	7.989 (4.96)
Panorama	14,552	21.321 (13.25)
Chortiatis	12,866	109.934 (68.31)
Oraiokastro	11,896	21.855 (13.58)
Triandria	11,289	1.475 (0.92)
Mikra	10,427	80.827 (50.22)
Chalastra	9,837	121.415/117.690 (75.44/73.13)
Michaniona	9,425	21.569/20.994 (13.40/13.05)
Vasilika	9,303	200.336 (124.48)
Epanomi	8,671	91.541/91.491 (56.88/56.85)
Agios Pavlos	7,978	1.953 (1.21)
Mygdonia	7,239	20.044 (13.05)
Axios	6,780	86.532/85.042 (53.77/52.84)
Nea Efkarpia	6,598	13.263 (8.24)
Pefka	6,434	1.800 (1.12)
Kallithea	6,096	no data
Metropolitan Area	954,027	1,089.608/1,083.543 (677.05/673.28)	954,027

Population data from the Greek 2011 Census is 1.076.688

Growth issues

A serious problem that particularly suburbs of the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area have faced, was the lack of extending and introducing new growth boundaries on time (particularly in the southeast) by the national government, to manage the rapid suburban growth and urban sprawl that started in the 1990s. This allowed many new homes to be built on large blocks of land with no future urban provisions taken into consideration and in areas that were otherwise used for agriculture.

Floor Area Ratios (FAR) are recommended by the national government to manage growth and have been used to deter landowners from building homes outside the growth boundaries (city/town zones) of each suburb. It is common practice to violate the FARs by building structures that are larger than recommended, with many suburban homes being in direct violation of Greek planning laws. Only recently have actions been taken on by the government to extend the growth boundaries,^[5] create new much needed urban layouts and address current issues by introducing new planning laws. However actual implementation of such actions for each municipality is usually expected to be complete in 5 years time, from the time that the government announced it.

References

1. "Urban Audit – Data that can be accessed". Urbanaudit.org. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
2. National Statistical Service of Greece
3. Municipalities in italics are part of the urban area
4. Number after slash denotes area exclusive of internal water bodies

External links

• Wikimapia Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area

Coordinates: 40°38′N 22°57′E / 40.633°N 22.950°E