Timeline of Antwerp

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Antwerp, Belgium.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 13th century

• from abt. 150 - abt. 250-270: Gallo-roman settlement in het centre of Antwerpen (at "Willem Ogierplaats").^[1][2][3]
• abt 700 : Oldest mention of the name Andoverpis in a written source : the Vita Eligii dated early 8th century (abt. 700).^[4]
• 739: death of bishop Willibrordus, later Sint-Willibrordus^[5]
• 978: Treaty of Margut-sur-Chiers, between France and German empire, the river Scheldt is recognised as the border between Neustrië and Lotharingie^[6]
• 980 - the German Emperor Otto II awarded Antwerp a margraviate, and build a fortification on the wharf (de burg) with a ditch the "burchtgracht"
• 1100 The Roya is a small natural river that runs outside the "Burchtgracht"
• 1104 The fortification of the "Burcht" is reinforced by Emperor Hendrik IV. The wall's height in increased from 5 metres (16 ft) to 12 metres (39 ft) its thickness from 1.35 metres (4.4 ft) to 2 metres (6.6 ft)
• 1109: Antwerp starts making city canals the "ruienstelsel" From the Koolvliet in the north via, Holenrui, Minderbroedersrui to Suikerrui and Botervliet in the south

13th - 15th century

• 1250 - Construction of the second Vleeshuis, city butchery and Guildhouse of the butchers^[7]
• 1406 - City becomes part of the Duchy of Brabant.
• 1442 - Guild of Saint Luke granted privileges.
• 1478
  • Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor visits city.
  • Violieren chamber of rhetoric founded.^[8]
• 1481 - Matt. Van der Goes sets up printing press.^[9]
• 1491 - One of the world's "first" illustrated advertisements printed in Antwerp.^[10]

16th century

City of Antwerp, 1572

• 1503 - Construction of the third Vleeshuis, current building, city butchery and guildhouse of the butchers .^[11]
• 1513 - Guild Hall of the Archers built.^[12]
• 1515 - Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor visits city.
• 1518 - Notre Dame Cathedral built.^[13]
• 1520 - Het Steen fortress rebuilt.
• 1523 - Church of St. Andrew built.^[12]
• 1528 - Merten de Keyser (printer) in business (approximate date).^[14]
• 1531 - Exchange building constructed.^[12]
• 1543 - Music publisher Susato in business.^[15]
• 1549 - Philip II of Spain visits city.^[16]
• 1552 - Girls' orphanage built.^[12]
• 1555 - Christophe Plantin (printer) in business.^[17]
• 1560s - Citadel built.^[18]
• 1565 - City Hall built.^[12]
• 1566 - August: Protestant Reformation riots.
• 1567 - March 13: Battle of Oosterweel occurs near city.
• 1568
  • Maison Hanseatique built.^[12]
  • Population: 125,000.^[12]
• 1570 - Theatrum Orbis Terrarum atlas published.
• 1571 - Church of St. Paul built.^[12]
• 1576 - November 4: City sacked by Spanish forces.^[12]
• 1579
  • City joins Union of Utrecht.
  • Hall of the Coopers built.^[12]
• 1583 - January 17: François, Duke of Anjou tries to take city.
• 1584 - July: Siege of Antwerp begins.
• 1585
  • August: Siege of Antwerp ends; Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma in power.^[12]
  • Population: 85,000.^[12]
• 1589
  • Church of the Capuchins built.
  • Population: 55,000.^[12]
• 1593 - Hieronymus Verdussen (printer) in business (approximate date).
• 1594 - Archduke Ernest of Austria visits city.
• 1599 - Isabella and Albert (Habsburg Netherlands sovereigns) make their Joyous Entry into the city.^[19]

17th-18th centuries

• 1609 - Twelve Years' Truce signed.
• 1615 - Church of Augustinians built.^[12]
• 1621 - Carolus Borromeuskerk built.^[12]
• 1635 - Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand visits city.^[20]
• 1638 - June 20: Battle of Kallo.
• 1644 - House of the Tailors rebuilt.^[12]
• 1646 - Hall of the Carpenters rebuilt.^[12]
• 1648
  • River Scheldt closed to navigation per Treaty of Münster.^[13]
  • Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria visits city.^[21]
• 1656 - St. James' Church built.^[12]
• 1663 - Royal Academy of Fine Arts founded.
• 1745 - Royal Residence built on the Meir.
• 1746 - Osterrieth House built on the Meir.
• 1750 - Royal Horticultural and Agricultural Society exhibitions begin (approximate date).^[22]
• 1755 - Royal Palace built.^[12]
• 1790 - Population: 40,000.^[12]
• 1795 - City becomes capital of French département Deux-Nèthes.

19th century

• 1802 - Quays built on Schelde River.^[12]
• 1805 - City Library opens in City Hall.^[23]
• 1810 - Royal Museum of Fine Arts founded.
• 1811 - Bonaparte Dock built.
• 1813 - Willem Dock built.
• 1815 - City becomes part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.^[13]
• 1816 - Jewish Community established.
• 1818 - Fortresses built.^[13]
• 1826 - Orangery built in the Botanical Garden.
• 1830
  • Conflict between Belgian insurgents and Dutch forces.^[13]
  • Population: 73,506.^[12]
• 1832 - November–December: City besieged by French forces.^[12]
• 1834
  • Medical Society founded.^[24]
  • Theatre Royal built.^[12]
• 1843 - Zoological Garden founded.^[25]
• 1846 - Population: 88,487.^[13]
• 1848 - Jan Frans Loos becomes mayor.
• 1852 - Wuyts art gallery opens (approximate date).^[26]
• 1853
  • Commercial Institute inaugurated.^[27]
  • Church of St. George consecrated.^[12]
• 1859
  • Berchem and Borgerhout become part of city (approximate date).^[13]
  • Old city walls dismantled.^[12]
  • Fortress construction begins.
• 1860 - Kattendijk built.^[13]
• 1864 - Museum of Antiquities opens.^[28]
• 1866 - Cholera epidemic.
• 1867 - School of Music founded.^[29]
• 1870 - Fort Merxem constructed.^[13]
• 1871 - International Geographical Congress held.
• 1872 - Exchange building and Flemish Theatre built.^[12]
• 1873 - Horsecar trams begin operating.
• 1874 - Citadelle du Sud dismantled.^[12]
• 1876 - Geographical Society founded.^[30]
• 1877 - Plantin-Moretus Museum opens.
• 1879 - Population: 173,600.^[12]
• 1880 - Royal Antwerp Football Club formed.
• 1881 - Antwerp Water Works constructed.
• 1883 - Library building opens.
• 1884 - Royal Atheneum (school) built.^[31]
• 1885
  • Exposition Universelle d'Anvers (world's fair) held.
  • Temperance conference held.^[32]
• 1891 - Gazet van Antwerpen newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1893 - Hollandse Synagoge built.
• 1894 - Exposition Internationale d'Anvers (world's fair) and Universal Peace Congress^[34] held.
• 1896 - National Archives' Antwerp branch founded.^[35]
• 1897 - De Nieuwe Gazet newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1898 - Royal Conservatory established.^[36]

20th century

• 1902 - Electric trams begin operating.
• 1903 - World Gymnastics Championships held.
• 1904 - Museum Mayer van den Bergh built.
• 1905 - Antwerpen-Centraal railway station and "America dock"^[13] open.
• 1906 - Fort Breendonk built.
• 1907 - Eisenmann Synagogue built.
• 1910
  • Population: 361,723.^[13]
  • St. Boniface Church consecrated.
• 1914 - September–October: Siege of Antwerp; German occupation begins.^[37][38]
• 1920
  • 1920 Summer Olympics held.
  • Compagnie Financière Belge des Pétroles headquartered in city.^[39]
  • Société Belge des Bétons founded.^[40]
• 1921 - Schoonselhof cemetery established.
• 1923 - Airport opens.
• 1928 - Antwerpsche Diamantkring established.
• 1930 - Eeuwfeestkliniek (hospital) built.
• 1931 - Antwerp Book Fair begins.
• 1932 - Boerentoren built.
• 1933 - Museum of Flemish Literature founded.
• 1940 - May: German occupation begins.
• 1944
  • September 4: Liberation by the British 11th Armoured Division.
  • October–November: Battle of the Scheldt.
• 1946 - Rubens House museum opens.
• 1966
  • Sporthal Arena built.
  • Wide White Space Gallery opens.
• 1967 - Antwerp International School established.
• 1968 - De Tijd newspaper begins publication.^[33]
• 1969
  • Jazz Middelheim festival begins.
  • Kennedytunnel opens.
  • Royal Ballet of Flanders established.
• 1970 - Chicagoblok built.
• 1975
  • Antwerp Pre-metro begins operating.
  • International Gemological Institute headquartered in city.
• 1977 - 't Fornuis restaurant in business.
• 1981 - Zeno X gallery opens.^[41]
• 1983 - Berchem, Borgerhout, Deurne, Ekeren, Hoboken, Merksem, and Wilrijk become part of the city of Antwerp.^[42]
• 1985 - Museum of Modern Art founded.
• 1989 - Berendrecht Lock constructed.
• 1994
  • Laus Polyphoniae festival begins.
  • Switel Hotel fire
• 1995 - City website launched (Digitale Metropool Antwerpen).^[43]

21st century

• 2003
  • Patrick Janssens becomes mayor.^[44]
  • University of Antwerp established.
• 2004
  • Fotomuseum Antwerp opens.
  • City designated a UNESCO World Book Capital.
• 2006
  • 0110 concert held.
  • FelixArchief (city archives)^[45] and Law Courts building open.
• 2007
  • Antwerp World Diamond Centre established.^[46]
  • Stadsfeestzaal shopping center opens.
• 2010 - One Love Roller Dolls organized.
• 2011
  • Museum aan de Stroom opens.
  • Population: 507,007.
• 2013 - Bart De Wever becomes mayor.

See also

• History of Antwerp
• List of mayors of Antwerp
• List of schools in Antwerp
• List of parks in Antwerp
• List of historical monuments of Antwerp/Historical Center

Other cities in Belgium

• Timeline of Bruges
• Timeline of Brussels
• Timeline of Ghent
• Timeline of Leuven
• Timeline of Liège

References

1. Stadsarcheologie, Tony Oost 1976-1982, site 'Stadsparking'
2. Oost, Tony: De bewoning te Antwerpen tijdens de Gallo-Romeinse periode. In: Warmenbol-feit-1987
3. Oost, T.: De opgravingen "Stadsparking" te Antwerpen: een voorlopig verslag (dec. 1974-maart 1976). In: "Antwerpen", 22 (1976), 2: 68-76. www zie: Archeoweb Antwerpen
4. Verhulst-1978
5. warmenbol-feit-1987, p.174
6. [prims-asia31, p.55
7. Antwerp city website, museum Vleeshuis
8. Arjan Van Dixhoorn and Susie Speakman Sutch, ed. (2008). The Reach of the Republic of Letters: Literary and Learned Societies in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Brill. ISBN 90-04-16955-5.
9. Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Belgium: Anvers". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company – via HathiTrust.
10. Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
11. Antwerp city website , Museum Vleeshuis
12. "Antwerp", Belgium and Holland (6th ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1881
13. "Antwerp", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
14. Frans Olthoff (1891). De boekdrukkers, boekverkoopers en uitgevers in Antwerpen (in Dutch). Antwerpen: Ruef.
15. Stephen Rose (2005). "Places and Institutions". In Tim Carter and John Butt. Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
16. Grapheus, Cornelius. "Spectaculorum in susceptione Philippi Hispan. Princ. a. 1549 Antverpia aeditorum mirificus apparatus". Europeana. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
17. Theodore Low De Vinne (1888), Christopher Plantin, and the Plantin-Moretus Museum at Antwerp, New York: Printed for the Grolier Club
18. Martha Pollak (2010). "Paradigmatic Citadels: Antwerp/Turin". Cities at War in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11344-1.
19. Bochius, Johannes, 1555-1609. "Historica narratio profectionis et inavgvrationis serenissimorvm Belgii principvm Alberti et Isabellae, Avstriae archidvcvm". Europeana. Retrieved 2013-01-08.. Margit Thøfner (1999). "Marrying the City, Mothering the Country: Gender and Visual Conventions in Johannes Bochius's Account of the Joyous Entry of the Archduke Albert and the Infanta Isabella into Antwerp". Oxford Art Journal 22.
20. "Entry of Ferdinand, Infante of Spain, into Antwerp. (Antwerp: 15th May, 1635)". Treasures in Full: Renaissance Festival Books. British Library. Retrieved August 2014.
21. Hans Vlieghe (1976). "The Decorations for Archduke Leopold William's State Entry into Antwerp". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes.
22. "The Great Horticultural Show at Antwerp". Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener (London). April 8, 1875.
23. The Bibliographer, London, April 1883
24. Annales de la Société de médecine d'Anvers (in French). 1863.
25. Promenade au jardin zoologique d'Anvers (in French). 1861.
26. The Art Journal, London, May 1, 1852
27. Edouard Seve (July 1897). "L'Enseignement technique et commercial en Belgique". Journal of the Society of Arts (in French) (London). Institut Supérieur de Commerce d'Anvers
28. Catalogue du Musée d'antiquités d'Anvers (in French) (3rd ed.), 1885
29. George Grove (1900), "Benoit", Dictionary of music and musicians, London: Macmillan
30. Memoires de la societe de geographie d'Anvers (in French) 1, Anvers, 1879
31. Inge Bertels (2007). "Expressing Local Specificity: The Flemish Renaissance Revival in Belgium and the AntwerpCity Architect Pieter Jan Auguste Dens". Architectural History 50.
32. G. Thomann (1886), Some thoughts on the International Temperance meeting, held at Antwerp in September, 1885, New York
33. "Belgium". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-254-1.
34. Bulletin officiel du VIme Congrès international de la paix tenu à Anvers (Belgique) du 29 août au 1r septembre 1894, 1895
35. "State archives in Antwerp". State Archives in Belgium. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
36. "Historiek" (in Dutch). Artesis Hogeschool Antwerpen - Koninklijk Conservatorium. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
37. Ian V. Hogg (1998). "Antwerp". Historical Dictionary of World War I. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3372-2.
38. Chris Cook; John Stevenson (2003). "First World War: Chronology". Longman Handbook of Twentieth Century Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89224-3.
39. M. S. Vassiliou (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Petroleum Industry. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6288-3.
40. "Entreprises Jacques Delens". La recherche aux Archives de l'État: Producteurs (in French). State Archives in Belgium. Retrieved August 2015.
41. "History". Zeno X Gallery. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
42. Karel Vroom (1991). "Antwerp: A Modern City with a Significant Historic Heritage". GeoJournal 24. doi:10.1007/bf00189028.
43. Filip Boudrez (2002), From backup to archived website: preserving the legacy websites of the city of Antwerp – via Expertisecentrum David
44. "Belgian mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
45. "Geschiedenis stadsarchief" (in Dutch). FelixArchief. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
46. "History". Antwerp World Diamond Centre. Retrieved February 19, 2013.

This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia and the French Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Published in the 18th-19th century

• "Anvers". Gazetteer of the Netherlands. Attributed to Clement Cruttwell. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. 1794.
• "Antwerp". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822.
• "Antwerp". Penny Magazine of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge (London: Charles Knight). December 22, 1832.
• "Antwerp". The Traveller's Guide through Belgium. Brussels: A.D. Wahlen. 1835. OCLC 32329300.
• Alexandre Ferrier de Tourette (1840). "Anvers". Belgium historical and picturesque. Translated by Addison. Brussels: Hauman.
• "Wayside Pictures through France, Belgium, and Holland: the Shores of the Low Countries; Antwerp". Bentley's Miscellany (London: Richard Bentley). 1849.
• J. Willoughby Rosse (1858). "Antwerp". Index of Dates ... Facts in the Chronology and History of the World. London: H.G. Bohn – via Hathi Trust.
• Feestalbum van Antwerpen (in Dutch). Antwerpen: Buschmann. 1864.
• John Ramsay McCulloch (1869), "Antwerp", in Hugh G. Reid, A Dictionary, Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, London: Longmans, Green
• Visitors Universal Handybook and Guide to Antwerp, Brussels, Waterloo, Ghent, Bruges, Liege, etc. etc. (5th ed.). Antwerp: John De Wit & Joris. 1884.
• W. Pembroke Fetridge (1885), "Antwerp", Harper's Hand-book for Travellers in Europe and the East, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Walter D. Welford (October 1895), "Belgium through a Hand Camera", Photographic Times
• Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Antwerp", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555

Published in the 20th century

• Grant Allen (1904), Belgium: its Cities, Boston: Page
• "Antwerp", Belgium and Holland, including the grand-duchy of Luxembourg (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759
• Henri Zondervan, ed. (1914), "Antwerpen", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch) 1 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“
• "Antwerp", Traveller's Handbook for Belgium and the Ardennes, London: T. Cook & Son, 1921

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Antwerp, various dates.