Timeline of Caracas
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Caracas, Venezuela.
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 18th century
- 1567 - 25 July: Santiago de León de Caracas established by Spaniard Diego de Losada.[1][2]
- 1577 - Town becomes capital of Venezuela Province, Spanish Empire.[3]
- 1584 - St. Paul's Church built.[4]
- 1591 - Caracas coat of arms granted.
- 1593 - Iglesia de San Francisco (church) built.
- 1595 - Town captured by English troops led by George Somers and Amyas Preston[5]
- 1638 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Caracas founded.[6]
- 1641 - 11 June: Earthquake.
- 1674 - Caracas Cathedral built.
- 1679 - Town "pillaged by the French."[7]
18th century
- 1700 - Population: 6,000.[8]
- 1721 - University of Caracas founded.[9]
- 1749 - 20 April: Economic demonstration led by Juan Francisco de León.[4]
- 1763 - Measles outbreaks begin.[8]
- 1765 - Population: 12,500.[8]
- 1770 - Population: 20,000.[8]
- 1777
- City becomes capital of Captaincy General of Venezuela.[10]
- Santa Rosalia parish established.[8]
- 1779 - City divided into eight administrative wards (barrios).[8]
- 1781 - Church of the Holy Trinity (Caracas) built.
- 1782 - Theatre built.[11]
- 1787 - Real Audiencia of Caracas installed.
- 1793 - Merchants' guild organized.[4]
19th century
- 1802 - Population: 24,000-42,000.[12][13]
- 1808 - Gazeta de Caracas newspaper begins publication.[4][14]
- 1810 - Revolt from Spanish control.[1]
- 1811
- City becomes capital of First Republic of Venezuela.
- Divina Pastora parish established.[8]
- 1812 - 26 March: Earthquake.[12]
- 1813
- August: City taken by forces of Bolivar.[3]
- City becomes capital of Second Republic of Venezuela.
- 1814 - July: 1814 Caracas exodos.
- 1818 - Academy of music founded.[15]
- 1820 - City becomes capital of Venezuela Department of Gran Colombia.
- 1821 - 29 June: Bolívar takes city.[1]
- 1835 - Academia de Dibujo y Pintura (art academy) founded (approximate date).[16]
- 1861 - Colegio de Ingenieros de Venezuela established.[17]
- 1870 - 27 April: April Revolution (Venezuela).[18]
- 1874
- National Pantheon of Venezuela established.
- Bolívar statue erected in Bolívar Square.
- 1881
- Teatro Municipal de Caracas opens.
- City becomes part of the Distrito Federal de Venezuela.
- Population: 55,638.[19]
- 1882 - Horse-drawn streetcar begins operating.[20]
- 1883
- La Guaira-Caracas railway begins operating.[19]
- Basílica Menor Santa Capilla (church) built.
- Academia Venezolana Correspondiente de la Real Española established.[17]
- 1887 - Academia de Musica y Declamacion (music school) and Academia de Bellas Artes (art school) active.[21]
- 1889 - Academia Nacional de la Historia de Venezuela inaugurated.[17]
- 1891 - Population: 72,429.[19]
- 1894 - Valencia-Caracas railway begins operating.[22]
- 1895 - Electricidad de Caracas in business.
- 1897 - Miraflores Palace built.
20th century
- 1905 - National Theatre opens.
- 1908 - Electric streetcar begins operating.[20]
- 1909 - El Universal newspaper in publication.[23][24]
- 1922 - Population: 92,212.[25]
- 1928 - Generation of 1928 anti-Gómez protest.
- 1929 - Cine El Dorado (cinema) opens in Parroquia San Agustín (Caracas)[26]
- 1931
- Caracas Athenaeum founded.[27]
- Teatro Principal (Caracas) opens.
- 1937 - Municipal Commission of Town Planning established.[28]
- 1941 - Population: 269,030 city; 380,099 federal district.[3]
- 1945
- Simón Bolívar International Airport, Altamira Square, and Jardin Botanico de Caracas.[29] inaugurated.
- Caracas Journal newspaper begins publication.[23]
- 1947 - Caracas Stock Exchange established.
- 1950
- British School established.
- Population: 495,064 city;[30]} 700,149 federal district.[3]
- 1951 - Estadio Olímpico opens.
- 1952
- Aerial Tramway begins operating.
- Estadio Universitario opens.
- 1953
- Radio Caracas Televisión begins broadcasting.
- Cine Radio City (cinema) opens.[26]
- 1954 - Centro Simón Bolívar Towers built
- 1958 - El Mundo newspaper begins publication.
- 1959 - La Rinconada Hippodrome opens in Parroquia Coche (Caracas)
- 1960 - University City built.
- 1961 - Population: 786,710 city;[30] 1,362,189 federal district.[4]
- 1963 - December: Christmas display of illuminated Cruz del Ávila begins.
- 1966 - CorpBanca Tower built.
- 1967
- 29 July: 1967 Caracas earthquake.
- Simón Bolívar University and Caracas Football Club established.
- Central Bank of Venezuela Building constructed.
- 1968 - Population: 1,198,215.[30]
- 1973 - Previsora Tower and Bet-El Synagogue built.
- 1974
- Poliedro de Caracas (arena) opens.
- Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Caracas opens.
- 1975
- 28 October: 1975 Copa América football tournament held.
- Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar (youth orchestra) headquartered in city.
- 1976 - Population: 2,180,000 federal district.[4]
- 1977 - Parque Zoológico Caricuao opens.[31]
- 1978 - National Theatre Festival begins (approximate date).
- 1979 - El Diario de Caracas newspaper begins publication.[23]
- 1982 - Children's Museum of Caracas established.
- 1983
- Caracas Metro begins operating.
- Teresa Carreño Theatre and Brígido Iriarte Stadium open.
- Plaza Caracas and Parque Central Complex built.
- August: 1983 Pan American Games held.
- 1984 - Mercantil Tower and Provincial Tower built.
- 1987 - Parque Cristal built.
- 1989
- February: Protests.[4]
- National Library of Venezuela building opens.
- 1990
- Tower of David construction begins.
- Population: 2,784,042 federal district.[4]
- 1993 - Mosque of Sheikh Ibrahim Al-Ibrahim built.
- 1995 - Polar Tower II built.
- 1998 - Centro San Ignacio (commercial building) opens.
- 1999
- Capital District (Venezuela) established.
- Movilnet Tower, and Centro Sambil (shopping mall) built.
21st century
- 2000
- Metropolitan District of Caracas created, with jurisdiction over Baruta, Chacao, El Hatillo, Libertador, and Sucre.
- Alfredo Peña becomes mayor.
- Mormon temple dedicated.
- 2002 - 11 April: Demonstration.
- 2004
- Juan Barreto becomes mayor.
- Estrella Roja Football Club formed.
- 17 October: Fire in Parque Central Complex.
- 2005 - Venezuela International Book Fair begins.
- 2006
- January: World Social Forum held.
- Libertador Simón Bolívar Terminal opens.
- 2007
- May: RCTV closure demonstration.[32]
- Squatters occupy Centro Financiero Confinanzas.[33]
- 2008
- Antonio Ledezma becomes mayor.[32]
- Real Esppor football club formed.
- 2010 - Metrocable (gondola) begins operating.
- 2011 - Population: 2,104,423.[34]
- 2012 - 20 August: 2012 Caracas prison riot.
- 2014 - February: 2014–15 Venezuelan protests begin.
See also
- Caracas history
- History of Caracas
- Capital District (Venezuela)
- List of newspapers in Venezuela
- List of universities in Caracas
- History of Venezuela
References
- 1 2 3 Webster's Geographical Dictionary, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, OL 5812502M
- ↑ Semple 1812.
- 1 2 3 4 Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 330, OL 6112221M
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Marley 2005.
- ↑ Shorto, Gavin (June 13, 2013). "George Somers, Amyas Preston and the Burning of Caracas". The Bermudian.
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Venezuela". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved June 2015.
- ↑ Hirst 1915.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Waldron 1981.
- ↑ Leonard V. Dalton (1912), Venezuela, London: T.F. Unwin, OCLC 1720084
- ↑ Ferry 1989.
- ↑ McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama (2nd ed.). 1984.
- 1 2 Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Caraccas", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- ↑ John V. Lombardi (1976). People and Places in Colonial Venezuela. Bloomington.
- ↑ "Venezuela". Union List of Newspapers. USA: Seminar on the Acquisition of Latin American Library Materials. Retrieved June 2015.
- ↑ Plaza 1943.
- ↑ "South America, 1800–1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved July 2014.
- 1 2 3 Carnegie Institution 1908.
- ↑ Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Venezuela", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- 1 2 3 Britannica 1910.
- 1 2 Stann 1975.
- ↑ José Peñín; Walter Guido (1998). Enciclopedia de la música en Venezuela (in Spanish). Caracas: Fundación Bigott.
- ↑ Rivera 1897.
- 1 2 3 "WorldCat". USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ↑ "Venezuela: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- ↑ Ernst B. Filsinger (1922), Commercial Travelers' Guide to Latin America, Washington, DC: Govt. Print. Office
- 1 2 "Movie Theaters in Caracas, Venezuela". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved June 2015.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Latin American Theater. Greenwood. 2003.
- ↑ Casas 2002.
- ↑ "Garden Search: Venezuela". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved June 2015.
- 1 2 3 Martz 1973.
- ↑ Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoos and Aquariums of the World (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
- 1 2 "Venezuela Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ↑ Jorge Silva (April 2, 2014), "The Tower of David: Venezuela’s 'vertical slum'", Photographer's Blog (Reuters)
- ↑ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2011. United Nations Statistics Division. 2012.
This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in the 19th century
- Robert Semple (1812), "(Santiago de Leon de Caracas)", Sketch of the present state of Caracas, Robert Baldwin, OCLC 4107713
- William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Caracas", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros. – via Internet Archive
- Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Caracas". The Capitals of the Globe. New York: Peter Fenelon Collier.
- Richard Harding Davis (1895). "Paris of South America". Harper's New Monthly Magazine.
- Arturo Rivera (1897). Illustrated Guide to Caracas.
- Published in the 20th century
- "Venezuela: Caracas". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. USA: Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908 – via Hathi Trust.
- "Caracas". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York. 1908 – via Hathi Trust.
- * "Caracas", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- William Alfred Hirst (1915), "Caracas", Guide to South America, New York: Macmillan Company
- P.L. Bell (1922), "Caracas and Commercial District", Venezuela, a Commercial and Industrial Handbook, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, United States. Dept. of Commerce
- Annie Smith Peck (1922), "Venezuela", Industrial and Commercial South America, New York: E. P. Dutton & Company
- "Caracas". Collier's Encyclopedia. New York: P.F. Collier & Son. 1928.
- Juan Bautista Plaza; Conchita Rexach (1943). "Music in Caracas during the Colonial Period (1770-1811)". Musical Quarterly 29: 198–213. doi:10.1093/mq/xxix.2.198. JSTOR 739521.
- John D. Martz; Peter B. Harkins (1973). "Urban Electoral Behavior in Latin America: The Case of Metropolitan Caracas, 1958-1968". Comparative Politics 5. JSTOR 421395.
- E. Jeffrey Stann (1975). "Transportation and Urbanization in Caracas, 1891-1936". Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 17. JSTOR 174789.
- Robert H. Lavenda (1979). "Social Urbanization and Caracas: A Historical Anthropological Analysis". Urban Anthropology 8. JSTOR 40552889.
- Kathy Waldron (1981). "Public Land Policy and Use in Colonial Caracas". Hispanic American Historical Review 61. JSTOR 2513831.
- Robert J. Ferry (1989). The Colonial Elite of Early Caracas: Formation and Crisis, 1567-1767. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06399-0.
- "Caracas", Venezuela, Lonely Planet, 1998, p. 114+
- Lorenzo Gonzalez Casas (2002), "Caracas", in A. Almondoz, Planning Latin America's Capital Cities, 1850-1950, Routledge, ISBN 9780415272650
- David Marley (2005), "Caracas", Historic Cities of the Americas, USA: ABC-CLIO, ISBN 1576070271
External links
Media related to History of Caracas at Wikimedia Commons
- Items related to Caracas, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
- Items related to Caracas, various dates (via Europeana)
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Coordinates: 10°30′00″N 66°55′00″W / 10.5°N 66.916667°W
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