Timeline of Sudanese history

This is a timeline of Sudanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Sudan and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Sudan. See that the list of governors of pre-independence Sudan and list of heads of state of Sudan.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

19th century

Year Date Event
1881 Mahdist War: A war began against the United Kingdom and Egypt.
1899 Sudan fell under the rule of an Anglo-Egyptian condominium.

20th century

Year Date Event
1955 The rule of the Anglo-Egyptian condominium ended.
First Sudanese Civil War: The war began.
1956 1 January Sudan achieved independence.
1958 General Ibrahim Abboud staged a military coup against the elected government.
1962 Civil war spread to southern Sudan with the ascendance of the Anyanya separatist movement.
1964 Oct A revolution overthrew Abboud's regime.
1969 May Gaafar Nimeiry led a military coup.
1971 1971 Sudanese coup d'état: The leaders of an attempted Communist coup against Nimeiry failed and were executed.
1972 The Addis Ababa Agreement (1972), reached between the Sudanese government and the Anyanya, created a self-governing region in the south of the country.
1978 Oil was discovered in Bentiu.
1983 Second Sudanese Civil War: A war began between government forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) led by John Garang.
Nimeiry introduced sharia.
1985 Nimeiry was deposed and replaced by the Transitional Military Council.
1986 Sadiq al-Mahdi became Prime Minister in a coalition government following elections.
1988 The Democratic Unionist Party (Sudan) drafted a cease-fire with the SPLA which was not implemented.
1989 The government was overthrown in a coup.
30 June Omar al-Bashir assumed the office of President.
1993 16 October Bashir was appointed President.
1995 Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak blames Sudan for an attempted assassination.
1998 20 August The Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory was destroyed by United States cruise missiles.
1999 A state of emergency was declared by President Bashir following a power struggle with Hassan al-Turabi.
Oil exports from Sudan began.
2000 September The Governor of Khartoum banned women from working in public places.
September President Bashir met the leaders of the National Democratic Alliance (Sudan) for the first time.
December Bashir was re-elected for a five-year term as President.

21st century

Year Date Event
2001 February Al-Turabi was arrested for signing a memorandum with the SPLA.
March The United Nations (UN) World Food Programme struggled to feed millions facing starvation.
April The SPLA threatened to attack foreign oil workers.
June Peace talks in Nairobi broke down.
July Egypt and Libya proposed a peace plan for Sudan.
September The UN lifted sanctions against Sudan.
October United States Senator John Danforth was appointed Special Envoy to Sudan.
November The United States imposed sanctions on Sudan.
2002 January A ceasefire was agreed between the government and the SPLA.
20 July Second Sudanese Civil War: The Machakos Protocol ended the nineteen-year civil war.
2003 February War in Darfur: The war began.
2004 January The army moved into Darfur to quell the rebellion, prompting hundreds of thousands of refugees to flee into neighbouring Chad.
March A UN official accused pro-government Janjaweed militias of carrying out systematic killings in Darfur.
September United States Secretary of State Colin Powell described the Darfur killings as genocide.
2005 9 January The Comprehensive Peace Agreement was signed between the SPLA and the government.
March The United Nations Security Council authorised sanctions against any violators of the Darfur ceasefire.
June Al-Turabi was freed.
July John Garang was sworn in as vice-president.
1 August Garang died in a plane crash and was succeeded by Salva Kiir Mayardit.
September A power-sharing government was established.
October An autonomous government was formed in southern Sudan.
2006 May The government signed a peace accord with a Darfur rebel group, the Sudan Liberation Movement.
October Jan Pronk, head of the United Nations Mission in Sudan, was expelled from the country.
November African Union peacekeepers extended their stay in Darfur for a further six months.
2007 May The United States placed fresh sanctions on Sudan.
31 July United Nations Security Council Resolution 1769 authorised twenty-six thousand peacekeepers for Darfur.
August 2007 Sudan floods: Floods began.
September 2007 Sudan floods: The floods ended.
November Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case: A British teacher was imprisoned for naming a teddy bear Muhammad.

See also

References

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