Tolaasin

Tolaasin, a secretion by Pseudomonas tolaasii, is the cause of bacterial brown blotch disease of edible mushrooms.^[1] Tolaasin is a 1985 Da lipodepsipeptide non-host specific toxin. In addition to forming an amphipathic left handed alpha-helix in a hydrophobic environment, the toxin has been shown to form Zn²⁺-sensitive voltage-gated ion channels in planar lipid bilayers and to catalyze erythrocyte lysis by a colloid osmotic mechanism.^[2] At high concentrations, tolaasin acts as a detergent that is able to directly dissolve eukaryotic membranes^[1].

References

1. Hutchison, M. L. ; Johnstone, K. J. (1993). "Evidence for the involvement of the surface active properties of the extracellular toxin tolaasin in the manifestation of brown blotch disease symptoms by Pseudomonas tolaasii on Agaricus bisporus". Physiol. Molec. Pl. Pathol 42 (6): 373–384. doi:10.1016/S0885-5765(05)80013-X.
2. Rainey, P. B. ; Brodey, C. L. ; Johnstone, K. J. (1991). "Biological properties and spectrum of activity of tolaasin, a lipodepsipeptide toxin produced by the mushroom pathogen Pseudomonas tolaasii. on Agaricus bisporus". Physiol. Molec. Pl. Pathol 39 (1): 57–70. doi:10.1016/0885-5765(91)90031-C.