Toshka Lakes

Toshka Lakes
Location New Valley Governorate
Coordinates 23°06′N 30°54′E / 23.1°N 30.9°E / 23.1; 30.9Coordinates: 23°06′N 30°54′E / 23.1°N 30.9°E / 23.1; 30.9
Type Endorheic lake
Primary inflows Nile-Lake Nasser via Sadat Canal
Basin countries Egypt
Location of the Toshka Lakes and Lake Nasser in Egypt.
Photograph of the Toshka Lakes taken Dec. 2002 from the International Space Station looking NE. Lake Nasser is the very long lake that lies east of the lakes. Wadi Toshka is the large bay in Lake Nasser directly east of the Toshka lakes. The Western Desert of Egypt can be seen east of Lake Nasser

Toshka Lakes (Arabic: بحيرات توشكى, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [boħeˈɾæːt ˈtoʃkæ]) is the name given to recently formed endorheic lakes in the Sahara Desert of Egypt.[1]

History

The Aswan High Dam, constructed in Egypt in 1964-1968, created Lake Nasser, with a maximum water level of 183 metres (600 ft) above sea level. In 1978 Egypt began building the Sadat Canal NW from Lake Nasser through Wadi Toshka to allow water levels higher than 178 metres (584 ft) to be drained off into a hollow at the south end of the Eocene limestone plateau. In the late 1990s, water began flowing through the Sadat Canal into the Western Desert. This feeder canal from Lake Nasser is concrete lined, to reduce seepage losses.

Formation

Astronauts began noticing the first, easternmost lake growing in November 1998. By late 1999, three additional lakes formed successively westward, and the westernmost lake started forming sometime between September 2000 and March 2001. These lakes are not yet named individually. In total, the Toshka Lakes cover approximately 1300 square kilometers (502 mi²). As of as of 2006 the levels of the lakes are lower than in 2001, and areas of wetlands and sand dunes have formed between the former and present shorelines. A minor lake downstream of the three larger lakes has completely dried out. The levels of the lakes vary between 175 metres (574 ft) for the one closest Lake Nasser to 144 metres (472 ft) for the one furthest downstreams.

Landsat mosaic of Toshka Lakes (April 2003). False-color image, with bands 7-4-2 assigned to R-G-B).

Geography

Related Projects

See also

References

  1. El-Shabrawy, Gamal M; Henri J. Dumont (2009). "The Toshka Lakes". In The Nile: 157–162. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9726-3_8.
  2. Arwa, Hamaideh; Mohamed Abd El Jaleel Awabdeh (2010). "Dead Sea/Red Sea Canal Project". EnvironmEntal Policy and law 40 (6): 348. Cite uses deprecated parameter |coauthors= (help)

Further reading

External links

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