Toyota KD engine
| Toyota KD engine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Toyota Motor Corporation |
| Production | 2000- |
| Combustion chamber | |
| Configuration | Straight-4 4-cylinder |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | Toyota KZ engine |
| Successor | Toyota GD engine |
The Toyota KD engine series is a diesel engine produced by Toyota which appeared in 2000.
1KD-FTV
First appearing in 2000, the 1KD-FTV is one of the newest engines built by Toyota.
The 1KD-FTV is a 3.0L (2982cc) straight-4 common rail D-4D diesel engine with a variable nozzle turbocharger (VNT) and Intercooler. It has 16 valves and a DOHC (double overhead camshaft) design. Bore is 96 mm and stroke is 103 mm. It generates 172.72 hp (127 kW) at 3400 rpm, and 260 lbf·ft (352 N·m) of torque at 1800-3400 rpm depending on target market and emission specifications. In some markets, outputs are 127kW/410Nm and 140kW/420Nm. Redline of this engine is at 4200 RPM. Compression ratio is 17.9:1.
This engine uses Toyota's D-4D Common Rail fuel injection technology operating at ultra high pressures of up to 135 mpa (1350 bar or about 19,580 psi) which is about 8 times more than the pressure of conventional fuel injection systems within a "common rail" that feeds the injectors on all four cylinders. This is combined with a 32-bit ECU which controls fuel quantity, valve-timing, and boost pressure at different engine parameters resulting in best fuel economy and also full utilization of power during acceleration. Pilot injection is also utilized by the common rail fuel system to smooth engine operation. Small amounts of fuel are introduced into the combustion chamber prior to the main injection event, reducing lag time and promoting more continuous and complete combustion. Exterior and interior engine noise is also reduced.
The 1KD engine produces 17% more power with 11% less fuel consumption than its predecessor, the 1KZ engine.
This engine was first used in Toyota Land Cruiser Prado, 3rd Generation Hilux Surf and now used in the Toyota Fortuner, Hiace and Toyota Hilux.
2KD-FTV
Appearing in 2001, the 2KD-FTV is the 2nd generation of the KD series of engine with a smaller 2.5 L (2494 cc) displacement.
The displacement of this engine is based on the previous 2L engine. Bore remains the same 92 mm but stroke is increased to 93.8 mm. It has 16 valves and is a DOHC engine with a turbocharger and intercooler.
It produces 101 horsepower (75 kW) at 3400 rpm and 26.5 kilogram metres (260 N·m) of torque at 1600-2400 rpm with 4 speed Automatic ECT transmission without intercooler and 191.7 lb·ft (200 N·m) of torque at 1600-3600 rpm with manual transmission without an intercooler and 118 hp (88 kW) at 3400 rpm and 239.85 ft·lbf (325 N·m) of torque at 1600-3600 rpm for the intercooled version. Toyota Thailand, however, has updated the turbocharger to variable nozzle turbo (VNT) with intercooler. This increased the horsepower to 142 hp (106 kW) at 3400 rpm and torque to 343 N·m (253 lb·ft) at 1600-2800rpm.[1]
Compression ratio is 18.5:1. Redline of this engine is 4400 RPM. This engine also uses D-4D Common Rail (Common rail direct fuel injection ) technology. The manufacturers default injection timing is 6.5 deg before TDC. The only major changes from the 1KD-FTV to the 2KD-FTV was the bore and the stroke.
This engine is used in the Toyota Hilux, Toyota Fortuner, Toyota Innova and Toyota Hiace. In some Central and South American countries, Toyota also offered this engine on the 2003-2006 4Runner in limited quantities.
See also
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