Treaty of Kurakchay

The Treaty of Kurakchay,[1] (Azerbaijani: Kürəkçay müqaviləsi) also known as the Russo-Karabakhi treaty of May 14, 1805, was a treaty signed between the Russian military commander in the Caucasus Pavel Tsitsianov on behalf of Tsar Alexander I of Russia and Ibrahim Khalil Khan of the Karabakh khanate, which made the khanate a protectorate of the Russian empire.[2] It was one in a series of treaties made between Russia and local khans in the southern Caucasus from 1801 to 1805.[3]

Under the terms of the treaty, Ibrahim Khalil Khan declared his submission to the Russian emperor and abjured his loyalty to the Persian shah, and was to pay tribute annually. Russian authorities were to have full control over the khanate's external affairs and would station troops in Shusha. In return, Russia recognized Ibrahim Khalil and his descendants through the eldest son as rulers of Karabakh in perpetuity with full authority over all domestic affairs of the khanate.[4] In fact the Khan was killed by the Russians months later.

The treaty however, had de facto little use at the time of signing, as Russia and Qajar Iran were still at war until 1813. By 1805, the Russian army had not even reached close to the territory of the administrational khanate. It was thus not until the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan that the treaty would be "ratified" by all sides.

(Article Sheki, Azerbaijan mentions a second Treaty of Kurakchay involving the Shaki Khanate (?).)

References

  1. ↑ Johaness Rau. The Nagorno-karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. A brief historical outline. Berlin: Verlag-Koester, 2008. ISBN 978-3-89574-655-0. p. 16
  2. ↑ George A. Bournoutian. A History of Qarabagh: An Annotated Translation of Mirza Jamal Javanshir Qarabaghi's Tarikh-e Qarabagh. Mazda Publishers, 1994. ISBN 1-56859-011-3, ISBN 978-1-56859-011-0
  3. ↑ Firouzeh Mostashari. On the Religious Frontier: Tsarist Russia and Islam in the Caucasus. I.B.Tauris, 2006. ISBN 978-1-85043-771-0, p. 144
  4. ↑ Muriel Atkin. The Strange Death of Ibrahim Khalil Khan of Qarabagh. Iranian Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1/2 (Winter - Spring, 1979), pp. 79-107

External links

See also


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