Trigona (bee)
| Trigona | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Trigona spinipes | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Superfamily: | Apoidea |
| Family: | Apidae |
| Subfamily: | Apinae |
| Tribe: | Meliponini |
| Genus: | Trigona Jurine, 1807 |
| Subgenera | |
|
Duckeola | |
Trigona is the largest genus of stingless bees, formerly including many more subgenera than the present assemblage; many of these former subgenera have been elevated to generic status.[1] There are approximately 150 species presently included in the genus, in 11 subgenera. They differ from those groups now excluded in only minor structural details, primarily of the hind leg.
Range
Trigona species occur throughout the Neotropical region and also throughout the Indo-Australian region; as presently defined, no members of the genus occur in Africa.
Vulture bees
Vulture bees consist of three Trigona species that are the only known bees not to be herbivores.
Selected species
- Trigona barrocoloralensis [2]
- Trigona branneri—Mato Grosso (BR) [3]
- Trigona carbonaria—Queensland (AU) [4][5]
- Trigona chanchamayoensis—Mato Grosso (BR) [3]
- Trigona cilipes—América
- Trigona collina--Thailand
- Trigona corbina—América (Mesoámerica-Costa Rica)
- Trigona corvina - Central and South America[6]
- Trigona iridipennis—India, Sri Lanka
- Trigona ferricauda—América
- Trigona fuscipennis [7]
- Trigona fulviventris—México.
- Trigona fuscipennis—México a Brasil.
- Trigona hockingsi—(AU) [8]
- Trigona hyalinata—Mato Grosso (BR) [3]
- Trigona minangkabau [2]
- Trigona nigerrima—América (México, Costa Rica).
- Trigona nigra—México.
- Trigona pallens—América
- Trigona recursa—Mato Grosso (BR) [3][7]
- Trigona siLvestriana—América (Costa Rica)
- Trigona spinipes-arapuá (BR) [9]
References
- ↑ Michener, C.D. (2000). The Bees of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press
- 1 2 Hoshiba and Imai (1993). "Chromosome evolution of bees and wasps (Hymenoptera, Apocrita) on the basis of C-banding patterns analyses". Japan Journal of Genetics.
- 1 2 3 4 Kleber França Costa, Rute Magalhães Brito, Carlos Suetoshi Miyazawa (2004). "Karyotypic description of four species of Trigona (Jurine, 1807) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil" (PDF). Genetics and Molecular Biology (Brazilian Society of Genetics) 27 (2): 187–190. doi:10.1590/s1415-47572004000200010.
- ↑ "The southernmost stingless bee in the world". Aussie Bee Bulletin (1). February 1, 1997.
- ↑ "Stingless Bees (Trigona and Austroplebeia)".
- ↑ Michener, Charles D. (1946-09-01). "Notes on the Habits of Some Panamanian Stingless Bees (Hymenoptera, Apidæ)". Journal of the New York Entomological Society 54 (3): 179–197.
- 1 2 Tarelho, Z. V. S. (1973). Contribuição ao estudo citogenético dos Apoidea (masters thesis). University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto.
- ↑ "Bees in your area".
- ↑ Brito and Pompolo (1997). "C:G patterns and fluorochrome staining with DAPI and CMA3, in Trigona spinipes (Jurine, 1807) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponinae)". Brazilian Journal of Genetics.