Tullahoma, Tennessee

Tullahoma, Tennessee
City
Nickname(s): Queen City
Motto: Tennessee's Rising Star
Location of Tullahoma, Tennessee
Coordinates: 35°22′7″N 86°12′48″W / 35.36861°N 86.21333°WCoordinates: 35°22′7″N 86°12′48″W / 35.36861°N 86.21333°W
Country	United States
State	Tennessee
Counties	Coffee, Franklin
Incorporated	October 4, 1852
Government
• Mayor	Lane Curlee
Area
• Total	23.6 sq mi (61.0 km^2)
• Land	23.5 sq mi (60.8 km^2)
• Water	0.08 sq mi (0.2 km^2)
Elevation	1,070 ft (326 m)
Population (2010)[1]
• Total	18,655
• Density	794/sq mi (306.6/km^2)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
• Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes	37388-37389
Area code(s)	931
FIPS code	47-75320[2]
GNIS feature ID	1272964[3]
Website	www.tullahomatn.gov

Tullahoma is a city in Coffee and Franklin counties in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The population was 18,655 at the 2010 census.^[1] In 2014 the population was estimated to be 18,899.^[4] It is the principal city of the Tullahoma micropolitan area, which consists of Coffee, Franklin, and Moore counties and is the largest micropolitan area in Tennessee.

History

Tullahoma was founded in 1852 as a work camp along the new Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad. Its name is derived from the Choctaw language, and means "red rock". An alternative explanation (see Sam Davis Elliott's Soldier of Tennessee and sources cited therein) of the name is that Peter Decherd, who donated the land for the railroad right-of-way (and was therefore given the right to name two stations along the line), named one station Decherd, and the other Tulkahoma (later changed to Tullahoma). Tulkahoma was the name of Decherd's favorite horse, which was itself named for an Indian chief his grandfather had captured. Tullahoma shared its name with Tullahoma, Mississippi which was later changed to Grenada.

Prior to Tullahoma or the railroad, the area was settled by farmers. These farmers came mostly from Virginia and North Carolina. Early settlers were Moore, Deckerd, Anderson, Ragon, Montgomery, Ferrell, Stephenson, and Gunn. A spring known to the first settlers as Bottle Spring, and later as John Gunn's Spring, is today Big Springs. This spring provided water for the steam locomotives.^[5]

In April 1861, Company B, 1st Regiment of Tennessee Volunteers, formed Peter Turney's division in Tullahoma. The division joined Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. The division fought in the battles of Bull Run, Fredricksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Petersburg, and surrendered to U.S. Grant at Appomattox. The town became highly significant during the Civil War and served as the headquarters for the Confederate Army of Tennessee in 1863. The campaign of that year, which ultimately delivered control of Middle Tennessee to the Union and led to the eventual capture of Chattanooga, is known as the Tullahoma Campaign.

Caboose Park, with buildings along Atlantic Street in the backround

Tullahoma was then still little more than a rough outpost, with no paved streets. 1863 was a wet year, and the place became known to the bedraggled troops of both sides as a place of endless mud. One witty officer on Confederate General William Hardee's staff is said to have written his own account of the origin of the name: "It is from two Greek words - 'Tulla' meaning mud, and 'Homa,' meaning more mud." The selection and use of Tullahoma as a headquarters by Confederate General Braxton Bragg has since been much criticized by military historians. Although the location was strategic with regard to the road and rail network, it had no strong natural defenses and little was done to fortify it during Bragg's occupation. Eventually the town was evacuated without a battle.

After the war, Tullahoma recovered slowly, but began to prosper from its vital railroad link. During this period, Tullahoma became renowned for its educational facilities, a rarity in the area at the time. At the turn of the 20th century, Tullahoma became a popular health destination, with many spas across town. Manufacturing grew up in the area, notably of shoes, clothing, and sporting goods. In 1924, the General Shoe Corporation was established there, which would eventually grow into Genesco, a diversified apparel firm which is Tennessee's oldest listed firm on the New York Stock Exchange. From the early 1900s thru today, a variety of sports products have been manufactured in Tullahoma, including baseballs, bats, and golf clubs by Campbell Mfg, Wilsons, Worth Sports, and Rawlings. In 1939, U.S. Route 41A was built through town, giving Tullahoma access to Nashville, 71 miles (114 km) to the northwest, and Chattanooga, 77 miles (124 km) to the southeast.

A famous brand of whiskey, George Dickel, has its roots in Tullahoma. Jack Daniel's whiskey is distilled 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Tullahoma in Lynchburg.

In the early to mid-20th century, the area benefited from considerable federal investment and development, from the Tennessee Valley Authority to the establishment of Camp Forrest, an infantry training center and later POW camp, and Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), where the Air Force and NASA did early wind tunnel testing. Later the state located two institutions of higher learning there, Motlow State Community College, and the University of Tennessee Space Institute.

Today manufacturing is a smaller part of the Tullahoma economy, but the town's growth has been steady, although slow, based on a mixture of education, services, tourism, and retail. The presence of AEDC and the Space Institute, combined with a convenient proximity to the aerospace center of Huntsville, Alabama, has bred a small but thriving aeronautical industry as well.

Tullahoma celebrated its 150th (sesquicentennial) anniversary on October 4, 2002.

Geography

Tullahoma is located in the southwest corner of Coffee County at 35°22′7″N 86°12′48″W / 35.36861°N 86.21333°W (35.368511, -86.213258),^[6] and extends south into Franklin County. It sits on the edge of the Highland Rim, where the topography is flatter than in the surrounding area. The region was known as "the Barrens" to the first settlers.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 23.6 square miles (61.0 km²), of which 23.5 square miles (60.8 km²) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²), or 0.30%, is water.^[1]

Climate

Climate is characterized by relatively high temperatures and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfa" (Humid Subtropical Climate).^[7]

Climate data for Tullahoma, Tennessee
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	10 (50)	12 (53)	17 (62)	22 (71)	26 (79)	30 (86)	32 (89)	31 (88)	29 (84)	23 (73)	16 (60)	11 (51)	21.6 (70.5)
Average low °C (°F)	−1 (31)	0 (32)	4 (39)	8 (47)	12 (54)	17 (63)	19 (66)	18 (65)	15 (59)	8 (47)	3 (37)	0 (32)	8.6 (47.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	142 (5.6)	132 (5.2)	150 (6)	122 (4.8)	100 (4)	104 (4.1)	130 (5)	97 (3.8)	84 (3.3)	74 (2.9)	99 (3.9)	142 (5.6)	1,376 (54.2)
Source: Weatherbase [8]

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	586		—
1870	589		0.5%
1880	1,083		83.9%
1890	2,439		125.2%
1900	2,684		10.0%
1910	3,049		13.6%
1920	3,479		14.1%
1930	4,023		15.6%
1940	4,549		13.1%
1950	7,562		66.2%
1960	12,242		61.9%
1970	15,311		25.1%
1980	15,800		3.2%
1990	16,761		6.1%
2000	17,994		7.4%
2010	18,655		3.7%
Est. 2014	18,899	[9]	1.3%
Sources:[4][10]

As of the census^[2] of 2010, there were 18,655 people, 7,717 households, and 5,161 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 88.1% White, 7.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 1.1% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.1% of the population.

South Jackson Street

As of the census^[2] of 2000, there were 17,994 people, 7,336 households, and 5,039 families residing in the city. The population density was 809.6 people per square mile (312.5/km²). There were 7,890 housing units at an average density of 355.0 per square mile (137.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.69% White, 6.76% African American, 0.28% Native American, 1.01% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.64% from other races, and 1.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.71% of the population.

There were 7,336 households out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city the population was spread out with 25.4% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,119, and the median income for a family was $39,797. Males had a median income of $33,662 versus $20,962 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,002. About 14.2% of families and 17.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.0% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

Performing arts

Tullahoma is renowned for the performing arts that reside within the city. Tullahoma High School boasts in its arts programs - including choral, instrumental, theatrical, and visual arts. The choral department was founded under Ann S. Baldwin and had a show choir that began in 1976, one of the first show choirs in the area. The group performed nationwide winning state, regional, and national titles in competitions while also regularly participating in choral festivals and adjudication opportunities. The THS Band also is recognized in Middle Tennessee for their contribution to the instrumental arts. They have won numerous contests for their marching band as well as their symphony band. Reviving in the past two years is the theatre program, under the direction of Aaron Miller. The past two years include productions such as "The Princess Bride," "Beauty and the Beast," and "The Phantom of the Opera."

Outside of the Tullahoma City Schools district lies many additional venues for the performing arts. The Annual 41A Music Festival is held in Tullahoma each year to display local music acts as well as some bigger names, including Dustin Lynch. Also in Tullahoma is the Fine Arts Center which proudly displays new artwork monthly from local visual artists in the region. South Jackson Civic Center is a theater in the city that hosts the South Jackson Civic Association, P.A.C.T. (Performing Arts for Children and Teens), and Community Playhouse, Inc. All three organizations produce multiple shows annually ranging from classic plays such as "A Christmas Carol" to Broadway musicals such as "Guys and Dolls" and "Oliver!" and even an annual show production under the direction of Peggy Burton, "South Jackson Goes Country."

Education

Tullahoma is the site of two state institutions of higher learning, Motlow State Community College and the University of Tennessee Space Institute.

K-12 public education is provided through a city school system.

Tullahoma High School "Wildcat" athletic teams compete in the TSSAA in public school divisions. The Tullahoma Wildcat Football Team is currently in the 5A classification while all other team sports compete in 3A.

Tullahoma High School Alumni include former NFL QB Steve Matthews, former NFL LB Antonio London, Red Sox draft picks OF Tony Sheffield and 3B Sam Melton, 3rd Overall pick in the 2001 MLB draft Dewon Brazelton, former Giants minor leaguer Gary Phillips, former Mariners minor leaguer Marshall Nisbett, 2006 Dodgers 1st round draft pick Bryan Morris, actress Samantha Burton, star of The Sandlot 2, Don "Fast Hands" Felts, world jacks champion, Lawson Binns Jordan, "The Voice of Tullahoma", who was also awarded a certificate by Mayor Lane Curlee in 2013 proclaiming March 17 as Binns Jordan Day in Tullahoma, and former "Miss Tennessee" Chandler Lawson.

Transportation

The Tullahoma Regional Airport operates on an airport originally constructed in 1942 for the U. S. Army Air Corps and features wide heavy duty runways, a large ramp, taxiways and large hangars. Over 100 aircraft are presently based at the airport, with additional capacity available. Over 2,000 transient aircraft visit the airport annually.^[11]

Notable people

Professional wrestler Jimmy Valiant, known as "The Boogie Woogie Man" and "Handsome" Jimmy Valiant, and former Tennessee governor Isham G. Harris were both born near Tullahoma. Tullahoma is also the hometown of Midge Middleton from the comic strip The Middletons.

Dewon Brazelton,^[12] Steve Matthews^[13] and Antonio London^[14] were born in Tullahoma. Eric Clutton,^[15] popularly known as Doctor Diesel, resides in Tullahoma. He is a renowned designer of aeromodels and the FRED experimental aircraft. Presently, he is the U.S. representative for Progress Aero Works.

Country singer Dustin Lynch got his career started in Tullahoma

Wild Sage Records of Nashville, Inc. (a top independent record label) was started and still being operated in Tullahoma, TN. Wild Sage Records of Nashville, Inc. is owned and operated by Tullahoma locals TN Colonel Joshua Cole and Justin Cole

Vanderbilt baseball player Jordan Sheffield is from Tullahoma.

References

1. "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Tullahoma city, Tennessee". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
2. "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
3. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
4. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 (PEPANNRES): Incorporated Places in Tennessee". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
5. Historical & Biographical Sketches of Coffee County, TN
6. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
7. Climate Summary for Tullahoma, TN
8. "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved on July 13, 2013.
9. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
10. "Census of Population and Housing: Decennial Censuses". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-03-04.
11. FAA Airport Master Record for THA (Form 5010 PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. Effective May 31, 2012.
12. "Dewon Brazelton Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
13. "Stephen Keith Matthews". databaseFootball.com. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
14. "Antonio Monte London". databaseFootball.com. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
15. "Eric Clutton". Clutton Fred. Retrieved April 26, 2016.

External links

• City of Tullahoma official website
• Tullahoma city schools
• Think Tullahoma, City of Tullahoma Economic Development Corporation
• The Tullahoma Campaign in the Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture
• City charter