Turukhansk
Coordinates: 65°47′49″N 87°58′05″E / 65.797°N 87.968°E
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Turukhansk (Russian: Туруха́нск) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Turukhansky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located 1,474 kilometers (916 mi) north of Krasnoyarsk, at the confluence of the Yenisey and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers. 4,662 (2010 Census);[1] 4,849 (2002 Census);[2] 8,869 (1989 Census);[3] 200 (1897).
History
One of the first Russian settlements in Siberia, Turukhansk was founded in 1607 as a winter camp (зимовье) for Cossacks and merchants. After the disastrous fires of Mangazeya in 1619, 1642, and 1662, Turukhansk welcomed a large portion of the older colony's population and became known as New Mangazeya. A timber fort with cannons was built there in 1677. The settlement hosted one of the largest fairs in Siberia and was incorporated as an uyezd town of Turukhansk in 1785. The town declined after 1822.
In the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union Turukhansk was often used a destination for political exile. Among people exiled there were Julius Martov, Yakov Sverdlov, Joseph Stalin, Lev Kamenev, Marina Tsvetaeva's daughter Ariadna Efron and Archbishop Luka Voyno-Yasenetsky.
Transportation
The town is served by the Turukhansk Airport.
Climate
The climate of Turukhansk is classified as continental sub-arctic (Dfc) in the Köppen climate classification system and as continental sub-arctic (tiaga) with mild summers and severely cold winters (ECld) in the Trewartha climate classification system.
| Climate data for Turukhansk | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) |
0.8 (33.4) |
8.7 (47.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
28.0 (82.4) |
33.2 (91.8) |
35.5 (95.9) |
31.1 (88) |
23.8 (74.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
3.2 (37.8) |
1.1 (34) |
35.5 (95.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −21.4 (−6.5) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−9 (16) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
6.2 (43.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
22.0 (71.6) |
17.9 (64.2) |
9.4 (48.9) |
−2 (28) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −25.4 (−13.7) |
−23.2 (−9.8) |
−15.1 (4.8) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
1.3 (34.3) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
13.1 (55.6) |
5.6 (42.1) |
−5 (23) |
−18.6 (−1.5) |
−23.9 (−11) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −29.5 (−21.1) |
−27.3 (−17.1) |
−20.3 (−4.5) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
11.5 (52.7) |
9.0 (48.2) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−7.8 (18) |
−22.4 (−8.3) |
−28 (−18) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −57 (−71) |
−55.3 (−67.5) |
−50 (−58) |
−42 (−44) |
−26.6 (−15.9) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−17.6 (0.3) |
−39.7 (−39.5) |
−50 (−58) |
−55.2 (−67.4) |
−57 (−71) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 36 (1.42) |
28 (1.1) |
32 (1.26) |
33 (1.3) |
39 (1.54) |
56 (2.2) |
64 (2.52) |
77 (3.03) |
65 (2.56) |
75 (2.95) |
50 (1.97) |
42 (1.65) |
597 (23.5) |
| Average rainy days | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 20 | 11 | 1 | 0.1 | 105 |
| Average snowy days | 28 | 24 | 24 | 16 | 8 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 26 | 28 | 174 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 76 | 76 | 73 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 69 | 77 | 79 | 84 | 80 | 77 | 74 |
| Source: pogoda.ru.net[4] | |||||||||||||
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turukhansk. |
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ —Погода и Климат. Retrieved 18 November 2012.