Tvashtar Paterae

Animation of eruption from Tvashtar Paterae, taken from imagery from the New Horizons probe in 2007

Two images taken by Galileo over the course of three months showing the shifting regions of lava flow. The Galileo probe observed a lava curtain erupting from the small patera in the centre of the image, and the lava lake from the larger one above it.

Tvashtar Paterae compose an active volcanic region of Jupiter's moon Io located near its north pole. It is a series of paterae, or volcanic craters. It is named after Tvashtar, the Hindu god of blacksmiths.^[1] Tvashtar was studied by the Galileo spacecraft over several years. During this time, a 25-kilometre (16 mi) long, 1-to-2-kilometre (0.62 to 1.24 mi) high curtain of lava was seen to erupt from one patera, a lake of superheated silicate lava erupted in the largest patera, and finally a plume of gas burst out, rising 385 kilometres (239 mi) above Io and blanketing areas as far away as 700 kilometres (430 mi).^[2]

An eruption on Tvashtar on February 26, 2007 was photographed by the New Horizons probe as it went past Jupiter en route to Pluto. The probe observed an enormous 330-kilometre (210 mi) high plume from the volcano, with an as-yet unexplained filamentary structure made clearly visible by the background light from the sun.^[3]

See also

• Volcanoes on other planetary bodies
• Tvashtar

References

1. "Tvashtar Paterae". Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). 2006-10-01. Archived from the original on 2012-12-14. Retrieved 2013-12-14.
2. "University of Arizona Planetary Image Research Laboratory May 28, 2002 Report on Tvashtar Paterae". Archived from the original on May 3, 2006. Retrieved July 20, 2006.
3. Mission Photos: An Eruption on Io (New Horizons) Retrieved on February 28, 2007.

External links

Media related to Tvashtar Paterae at Wikimedia Commons

• "VOLCANIC ACTIVITY AT TVASHTAR CATENA, IO", Lunar and Planetary Science XXXV (2004)