1987 Pacific typhoon season

1987 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
First system formed January 7, 1987
Last system dissipated December 20, 1987
Strongest storm1 Betty – 890 hPa (mbar), 205 km/h (125 mph) (10-minute sustained)
Total depressions 26
Total storms 25
Typhoons 17
Super typhoons 6
Total fatalities > 1,438
Total damage > $402 million (1987 USD)
1Strongest storm is determined by lowest pressure
Pacific typhoon seasons
1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989

The 1987 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1987, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November.[1] These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

A total of 25 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 24 became tropical storms. Of the 24, 17 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 6 reached super typhoon strength.

Storms

A total of 25 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 24 became tropical storms. Of the 24, 17 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 6 reached super typhoon strength.

Typhoon Orchid (Auring)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration January 7 – January 14
Peak intensity 165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min)  955 hPa (mbar)

On January 3, a small and persistent area of thunderstorms near the International Dateline was first detected.[2] During the next few days, it slowly increased in organization and thunderstorm activity after which a small and ragged central dense overcast formed and upper level outflow improved.[2] A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) was issued late on January 7 for the disturbance.[2] The JTWC then issued their first warning on Tropical Depression 01W during the afternoon of January 7.[2] The next morning, on January 8, an aircraft reconnaissance mission reported tropical storm–winds and the depression was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Orchid.[2] Orchid continued to gradually strengthen until it reached its peak intensity of 110 mph (175 km/h) on January 11 as a small typhoon.[2] After reaching peak intensity, Orchid weakened rather quickly and by January 14, it had degenerated into an area of low pressure.[2]

Orchid caused "extensive damage" on Ulithi Atoll but no deaths were reported.[2] In the wake of the typhoon, the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency declared parts of the Federated States of Micronesia as a disaster area.[3]

Tropical Storm Percy

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration April 3 – April 15
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Ruth

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration June 17 – June 19
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Sperry (Bebeng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration June 26 – July 1
Peak intensity 120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min)  980 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Thelma (Katring)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 6 – July 16
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min)  915 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Thelma (1987)

Typhoon Thelma, which formed on July 6, steadily intensified to a peak of 150 mph (240 km/h) winds on July 11 while east of the northern Philippines. It turned sharply northward in response to a break in the ridge, slowly weakening as it remained east of any major landmass. On July 15, 80 mph (130 km/h) Typhoon Thelma hit the south coast of South Korea, causing massive flooding amounting to 123 casualties (with 212 missing) and $124 million (1987 USD) in crop and structural damage. In addition, Thelma brought heavy wind and rough seas to the Philippines that killed 12 people.[4]

Severe Tropical Storm Vernon (Diding)

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 15 – July 22
Peak intensity 110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min)  985 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Wynne (Gening)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration July 18 – August 1
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min)  920 hPa (mbar)

This cyclone was the fifth typhoon of 1987. It became the third midget of the year and maintained an eye for six days. The initial disturbance formed east of the International Dateline on July 20. As it moved west-northwest, it organized into a tropical depression. It became a typhoon on July 23 and passed over the northern Marianas island of Alamagan. By July 26, Wynne reached its maximum intensity of 145 mph (230 km/h). As it rounded the western periphery of the subtropical ridge, the cyclone became sheared from the north and became an exposed center. Even so, it maintained typhoon intensity until July 29. Recurving east of Honshū, Wynne continued to weaken, becoming an extratropical cyclone by the afternoon of July 31.[5]

Typhoon Alex (Etang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration July 21 – July 30
Peak intensity 120 km/h (75 mph) (10-min)  970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Betty (Herming)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 7 – August 17
Peak intensity 205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min)  890 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Betty (1987)

The monsoon trough spawned a tropical depression on August 7 while around 500 miles (800 km) east of the Philippines. It drifted northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on August 9 and a typhoon on August 10. Betty turned westward, where it rapidly intensified to a 160 mph (260 km/h) super typhoon on August 11. It weakened slightly to a 155 mph (249 km/h) super typhoon before hitting the central Philippines on the 12th. Betty weakened to a 105 mph (169 km/h) typhoon over the country, but restrengthened to a 135 mph (217 km/h) typhoon over the South China Sea. Land interaction weakened Betty to a minimal typhoon before it hit central Vietnam on August 16.[6] Betty caused 94 deaths, with damage from flooding adding up to 2 billion Philippine Pesos.[7]

Typhoon Cary (Ising)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 7 – August 24
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  960 hPa (mbar)

August Tropical Storm

Tropical storm (JMA)
Duration August 10 – August 13
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (10-min)  1006 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Dinah (Luding)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration August 19 – August 31
Peak intensity 185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min)  915 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Ed

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration August 20 – August 28
Peak intensity 65 km/h (40 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Freda

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 3 – September 17
Peak intensity 195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min)  915 hPa (mbar)

The middle cyclone of a set of triplets, Freda stalled briefly after Gerald dissipated and Holly swung around its northeast side, with Freda eventually following Holly out of sea by recurving east of Japan.[8]

Typhoon Gerald (Neneng)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 4 – September 11
Peak intensity 150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

On September 4 a tropical depression formed east of Luzon from the monsoon trough. It remained embedded within the trough, and moved erratically, drifting northward to become a tropical storm late on the 4th. Gerald turned more to the northwest, reached typhoon strength on the 7th, and continued to intensify to a peak of 120 mph (190 km/h) on the 8th. It passed south of Taiwan, disrupting the circulation and weakening it as it continued to the west-northwest. Gerald hit southeast China as a 65 mph (105 km/h) tropical storm on the 10th, and dissipated the next day. Mudslides and torrential flooding up to 16 inches (410 mm) in some locations resulted in $131 million in damage (1987 USD) and 127 fatalities.[9]

Typhoon Holly

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 1 – September 15
Peak intensity 205 km/h (125 mph) (10-min)  900 hPa (mbar)

The eastern member of a set of triplets, Holly recurved well out to sea, not affecting mainland Asia.[10]

Typhoon Ian

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 22 – October 4
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  955 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 17W

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 24 – September 26
Peak intensity 55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min)  1000 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Peke

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration September 28 (Entered basin) – October 3
Peak intensity 150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min)  950 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm June

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration September 27 – October 2
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min)  992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Kelly (Oniang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration October 9 – October 17
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  955 hPa (mbar)

A tropical disturbance formed east of the southern Philippines on October 7. Moving north-northwest for much of its life cycle, the system became a tropical depression and strengthened into a tropical storm on October 11 and a typhoon on October 12. Recurving near the 26th parallel, Kelly struck southern Japan as a typhoon early on October 17 and rapidly transitioned into an extratropical cyclone later that day in the Sea of Japan. On Shikoku Island Kelly dropped 20 inches (510 mm) of rain, resulting floods and landslides killed 8 people.[11]

Typhoon Lynn (Pepang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration October 14 – October 28
Peak intensity 195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min)  920 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Lynn (1987)

Typhoon Lynn, having developed from the monsoon trough on October 15 over the open ocean, rapidly intensified to a 160 mph (260 km/h) super typhoon on the 19th and 20th. It crossed through the Mariana Islands, and steadily weakened as it continued westward. Lynn passed just north of Luzon on the 23rd, and upper level winds weakened it to a tropical depression before it hit southern China on the 28th. Lynn's tight pressure gradient, in combination with a large high pressure area over China, caused heavy winds over Taiwan, resulting in the formation of torrential rains of up to 68 inches (1,700 mm) in Taipei. 42 people perished from the extreme flooding, the worst in Taiwan in 40 years.[12]

Tropical Storm Maury (Rosing)

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Counterclockwise vortex
Duration November 7 – November 19
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min)  995 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Nina (Sisang)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration November 16 – November 30
Peak intensity 165 km/h (105 mph) (10-min)  930 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Nina (1987)

Tropical Storm Nina, which began its life on November 16 in the eastern portion of the Western Pacific ocean, slowly strengthened to a typhoon on the 21st. It continued to strengthen as it passed through the Caroline Islands, and reached super typhoon strength on the 25th just east of the Philippines. Nina continued to intensify, and reached a peak of 165 mph (266 km/h) winds just before hitting the central Philippines on the evening of the 25th. Nina exited the archipelago the next day as a 105 mph (169 km/h) typhoon. Nina briefly re-strengthened to a 115 mph (185 km/h) typhoon before turning to the north. The typhoon briefly threatened Hong Kong on the 28th, but vertical shear caused the low level circulation and upper level circulation to separate, leaving a rapidly weakening Nina to turn southward over the South China Sea. The storm finally dissipated on the 30th, but not after causing 1,036 casualties and extensive crop damage on its path of 1.12 billion Philippine Pesos (1987 pesos).[13]

Tropical Storm Ogden

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
Duration November 20 – November 25
Peak intensity 85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min)  995 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Phyllis (Trining)

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
Duration December 9 – December 20
Peak intensity 140 km/h (85 mph) (10-min)  960 hPa (mbar)

Storm names

During the season 23 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list from 1979.

Orchid Percy Ruth Sperry Thelma Vernon Wynne Alex Betty Cary Dinah Ed
Freda Gerald Holly Ian June Kelly Lynn Maury Nina Odgen Phyllis

Philippines

Auring Bebeng Karing Diding Etang
Gening Herming Ising Luding Mameng
Neneng Oniang Pepang Rosing Sisang
Trining Uring (unused) Warling (unused) Yayang (unused)
Auxiliary list
Ading (unused)
Barang (unused) Krising (unused) Dadang (unused) Erling (unused) Goying (unused)

The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1991 season. This is the same list used for the 1983 season. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in gray.

Retirement

Because Typhoons Herming and Sisang made extensive damage and death toll within the Philippines, the PAGASA later retired the names Herming and Sisang. Replaced names were selected as Helming and Sendang for the 1991 season.

See also

References

  1. Gary Padgett. May 2003 Tropical Cyclone Summary. Retrieved 2006-08-26.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JTWC Report for Typhoon Orchid" (PDF). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
  3. Staff Writer (July 29, 2008). "US Pacific Storm and Flooding Disaster Declarations". FEMA. Retrieved December 6, 2009.
  4. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Thelma. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  5. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Wynne. Retrieved on 2007-01-07.
  6. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Betty. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  7. Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for the Month of August (1948-2000). Retrieved on 2007-02-04.
  8. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Freda. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  9. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Gerald. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  10. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Holly. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  11. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Kelly. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  12. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Lynn. Retrieved on 2007-01-19.
  13. Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomic Services Administration. Most Destructive Tropical Cyclones for Month of November (1948-2000). Retrieved on 2007-02-04.

External links

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