U.S. Route 395 in Washington

U.S. Route 395
Route information
Defined by RCW 47.17.575
Maintained by WSDOT
Length:	277.11 mi[1] (445.97 km)
Tourist routes:	Lewis and Clark Trail Scenic Byway
Major junctions
South end:	I-82 / US 395 in Umatilla, OR
	I‑182 / US 12 in Pasco I‑90 / US 2 in Spokane
North end:	BC 395 at Canada–United States border
Highway system
United States Numbered Highways List Bannered Divided Replaced State Highways in Washington Interstate US State Scenic Former PSH 1964 renumbering Former ← SR 339 SR 397 →

U.S. Route 395 (US 395) is a major United States Numbered Highway in the U.S. state of Washington, that includes a long overlap with Interstate 90 (I-90) between Ritzville and Spokane. The southern piece, from I-82 near the Tri-Cities to I-90 near Ritzville, is a high-speed four-lane divided highway. From Spokane to the Canada – United States border at Laurier, US 395 is mostly two lanes, with some wider sections near Spokane, including the under-construction North Spokane Corridor freeway.^[2]

Route description

The section of US 395 within the state of Washington starts concurrent with I-82 on the Umatilla Bridge, which goes over the Columbia River. From the bridge, the US 395/I-82 freeway goes north and intersects SR 14's eastern terminus before continuing north and splitting from I-82. As US 395 splits, the freeway enters Kennewick, where it intersects SR 240 and crosses the Columbia River on the Blue Bridge.^[3]

As the bridge ends, US 395 enters Pasco and joins I-182 and US 12 before exiting north at an interchange with SR 397. From the interchange, US 395 continues north on the eastern side of the Tri-Cities Airport towards Spokane. US 395 goes northeast and intersects numerous state highways, such as SR 17 in Mesa, SR 260 in Connell, SR 26 east of Hatton, and SR 21 east of Lind before joining I-90 south of Ritzville.^[4]

While concurrent with I-90, US 395 intersects more highways such as SR 261 south of Ritzville, SR 23 in Sprague, SR 904 in Tyler, SR 902 west of Cheney, SR 904 in Four Lakes, and SR 902 in Hayford before joining US 2 and entering Spokane.^[5]

In West Spokane, US 395/I-90/US 2 intersects the northern terminus of US 195 before US 395 and US 2 split from I-90 in Downtown Spokane. US 395 and US 2 stay joined on Division Street through Downtown Spokane where the highway intersects SR 290 and pass Gonzaga University and Washington State University's Spokane branch. After entering the northern section of Spokane, US 395 and US 2 pass the NorthTown Mall and intersect SR 291 before US 395 splits from US 2 and continues north.^[6]

From the Division split, US 395 goes north and intersects more highways like SR 292 in Loon Lake, and SR 231 south of Chewelah before joining SR 20 in Colville and continuing west and intersecting SR 25 in Kettle Falls before splitting from SR 20 and going north. From the split, US 395 goes north to Laurier where it reaches the Canada – United States border, continuing as BC 395.^[7][8][9]

History

Oregon to Pasco

When US 395 was extended southwest from Spokane into Oregon in the 1930s, it followed existing U.S. Highways - US 730 and US 410 - between the state line and Pasco;^[10][11] it was not realigned to the more direct route via Kennewick until 1985.^[12] However, the road from Plymouth to Kennewick, cutting off a bend in the Columbia River, had existed (as a county road) since the early days of the state highway system,^[13] and was improved by the 1930s.^[10] The Washington State Legislature added the roadway to the state highway system in 1943 as part of a Maryhill-Kennewick branch of Primary State Highway 8.^[14] (The main route of PSH 8 turned northeast from Maryhill to Buena via US 97.)

Pasco to Spokane

US 395 shield in 1926

A map of Primary State Highway 11

As part of the state's first connected state highway system, the Washington State Legislature designated the Central Washington Highway between Pasco and Spokane in 1913.^[15] The State Highway Board selected a route closely paralleling the Northern Pacific Railway's Pasco Division over existing county roads.^[13][16] In 1923, by which time the entire road had been improved,^[17] the highway became State Road 11 (Primary State Highway 11 after 1937), but retained its name (which was changed to Columbia Basin Highway in 1929).^[18][19] By that time, several routing changes had been made, with the State Highway Board moving the highway east away from the rail line between Eltopia and Connell and between Connell and Lind, and changing the direct northeasterly route from Cheney to Spokane to a northerly route enting at the Sunset Highway (now US 2) near Airway Heights.^[20] In the 1930s, US 395 was extended southwest from Spokane along SR 11 to Pasco, where it continued southeast on US 410 (now US 12) and southwest on US 730 into Oregon, both branches of State Road 3.^[10][11] US 10 was moved south between Cle Elum and Spokane in 1940, overlapping US 395 northeast of Ritzville.

Near Spokane, the Geiger Boulevard cutoff was built in about 1945 as a wartime project, improving access to Geiger Field. This included an interchange with Sunset Highway at the Spokane end.^[21][22] This roadway, and the rest of US 395 between Ritzville and Pasco, was replaced by a freeway in the 1950s and 1960s, as part of the project to turn US 10 into Interstate 90. The first section to open was the bypass of Ritzville to Tokio in the late 1950s, and the final piece was between Tokio and Tyler in the late 1960s.^[22] When the bypass of Cheney opened on November 18, 1966,^[23] the old route became a short-lived Secondary State Highway 11H,^[24] always signed as State Route 904.^[25]

As the first phase of converting US 395 between Pasco and Ritzville into a limited-access highway, the Department of Highways constructed a new a two-lane alignment between Connell and east of Lind in the mid-1950s, bypassing Lind and Foulkes Roads northeast from Connell and Wahl Road south from Lind.^[22][26] Another relocation was built in about 1980, moving the highway alongside the rail line between Eltopia and Connell.^[22] The southernmost 7.5 miles (12 km) of SR 17, from Eltopia to Mesa, were absorbed into the realignment; SR 17's mileposts now begin at about 7.5.^[1] By 1991, when the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act designated US 395 between Reno, Nevada and Canada as a high priority corridor of the National Highway System, and earmarked $54.5 million for improvements in Washington,^[27] the portion between Pasco and Mesa had been four-laned. That year, the state began an $83 million project, including $10.4 million more from the federal government, to widen the remainder north to Ritzville from two to four lanes. Several interchanges were also added to the road, then one of the state's most dangerous highways. WSDOT formally opened the last piece, 15 miles (24 km) of new northbound lanes near Lind, on November 21, 1995, completing a four-lane cross section between the Tri-Cities and Spokane.^[28] The speed limit was subsequently raised from 55 to 70 miles per hour (90 to 115 km/h) in July 1996, based on road conditions and actual driving speed.^[29]

Spokane

U.S. Route 395 north of Spokane (aerial photograph from slightly east of south; 2013)

Before the reconfiguration of 2nd and 3rd Avenues in 1951, the original routing of US 395 in Spokane ran northbound on Monroe Street for several miles, crossing the Monroe Street Bridge at Spokane Falls. After turning right onto Garland Avenue, the highway proceeded on North Wall Street, Waikiki Road, Mill Road, Dartford Drive (to late 1940s), and finally North Lane (which was turned into a private driveway years after being decommissioned) before merging with modern-day US 395 a few miles north of Spokane. From the late 1940s to late 1990s, US 395 used the bridge over the Little Spokane River at Wandermere. A new bridge was constructed about 250 feet to the west in anticipation of the North Spokane Corridor, while the old one became part of Wandermere Road. This is the second replacement bridge for US 395 over the Little Spokane River, each one built substantially higher above the water than the previous. (The Little Spokane is at the bottom of a river valley over 300 feet deep.)

The southern end of the highway was moved up to the intersection of Sprague and Monroe in 1930 while the entire highway was shifted east onto Division Street (US 2) in 1937. Sometime in the 1950s, the southbound lanes were relocated to Browne Street, which is immediately due south of the Spokane River.

US 395 through Spokane will be completely transformed by the North Spokane Corridor, an under-construction freeway which intends to address and alleviate a major chokepoint along the state highway system in metropolitan Spokane. The maximum speed limit along the entire route will be 60 miles per hour.

North to Canada

A major portion of the highway from the US 2 junction to Colville has been realigned and straightened over the years, including sections near Loon Lake, Chewelah, and Arden. The largest bypass was that of Loon Lake, which was built in 1957. Another bypass circumvented Old US 395 around Springdale. That highway eventually became SR 231 while its spur was officially dubbed SR 292. Further north near the town of Arden, a new highway section was built that paralleled the Old Arden Highway, which is now used mostly by local traffic. The last leg of US 395, from Colville to the Canada – United States border, has maintained almost exactly the same alignment since it was originally built. A pair of bridges linking Stevens County to Ferry County, known as the Kettle Falls Bridges, were constructed in 1941 in the vicinity of Kettle Falls over the Columbia River. After passing through some dense forest, the highway finally ends its journey at the border station in Laurier; where the highway transitions itself onto British Columbia Highway 395. In recent years, a number of changes have been made to address growing traffic issues; including (but not limited to) the addition of left-turn channelization at important intersections, a variety of different paving projects, the construction of two roundabouts in downtown Colville, a truck route that starts and ends at those roundabouts, and the addition of uphill passing lanes in some places.

Major intersections

County	Location	mi[1]	km	Exit	Destinations	Notes
Columbia River		0.00	0.00	US 395 at the Umatilla Bridge Washington–Oregon state line
Benton		1.00	1.61	131	SR 14 west – Plymouth, Vancouver
		9.84	15.84	122	Coffin Road
		18.19	29.27	114	Locust Grove Road (I-82 to SR 397 Intertie)
		19.81	31.88		I‑82 west – Yakima	North end of I-82 overlap
		20.54	33.06	North end of freeway
	Kennewick	23.68	38.11		Kennewick Avenue – Kennewick City Center
		24.35	39.19	South end of freeway
		25.01	40.25		Columbia Drive – Port of Kennewick SR 240 west – Richland
		25.01	40.25		SR 240 west – Richland	Southbound exit and northbound entrance
Columbia River		25.69	41.34	Blue Bridge
Franklin	Pasco	26.09	41.99		Lewis Street	Northbound exit and southbound entrance
		26.27	42.28		Sylvester Street	Northbound exit only
		26.80	43.13		Court Street
		27.35	44.02		I‑182 west / US 12 west – Richland, Yakima	South end of I-182/US 12 overlap
		27.79	44.72	12B	North 20th Avenue – Columbia Basin College
		28.87	46.46	13	North 4th Avenue – Pasco City Center
		29.48	47.44	14A	SR 397 south (Oregon Avenue) – Finley
		29.48	47.44		US 12 east – Walla Walla, Lewiston
		30.45	49.00		Kartchner Street
		31.87	51.29	North end of freeway
		44.13	71.02		Eltopia West Road – Eltopia
		44.13	71.02	South end of freeway
	Mesa	52.65	84.73		SR 17 north – Mesa, Moses Lake
	Connell	61.64	99.20		SR 260 – Connell, Kahlotus
		63.22	101.74	North end of freeway
		63.22	101.74		Lind Road – Connell
		67.68	108.92	South end of freeway
Adams		72.86	117.26		SR 26 – Colfax, Othello
		77.15	124.16	Gap in freeway
		88.70	142.75		SR 21 – Lind, Kahlotus
		94.10	151.44		Paha, Packard
		102.04	164.22		Ritzville
		102.69	165.26		I‑90 west – Seattle	South end of I-90 overlap; northbound exit is via Ritzville exit
		103.87	167.16	221	SR 261 south – Ritzville, Washtucna
		108.34	174.36	226	Schoessler Road
		113.15	182.10	231	Tokio
Lincoln	Sprague	127.18	204.68	245	SR 23 – Sprague, Harrington
		135.94	218.77	254	Fishtrap
Spokane		139.61	224.68	257	SR 904 east – Tyler, Cheney
		146.22	235.32	264	SR 902 east – Cheney, Medical Lake
		152.47	245.38	270	SR 904 west – Four Lakes, Cheney
		154.73	249.01	272	SR 902 west – Medical Lake
		158.24	254.66	276	I‑90 Bus. east – Spokane, Geiger Field
		159.65	256.93	277B	US 2 west – Spokane Airport, Fairchild AFB, Davenport	South end of US 2 overlap; signed as exit 277 southbound
		160.12	257.69	277A	Garden Springs	Signed as exit 277 southbound; no entrance ramps
	Spokane	161.26	259.52	279	US 195 south – Colfax, Pullman
		162.08	260.84	280A	Maple Street	Signed as exit 280 northbound
				280B	Lincoln Street	Northbound exit is via exit 280
		163.24	262.71		I‑90 east – Coeur d'Alene	North end of I-90 overlap
		163.77	263.56		Spokane Falls Boulevard	Former SR 290 east
		167.59	269.71		SR 291 north – Suncrest
		169.27	272.41		US 2 east (Newport Highway) – Newport	North end of US 2 overlap
		171.78	276.45		Wandermere Road
		171.78	276.45	South end of freeway
		171.84	276.55		North Spokane Corridor	northbound entrance and southbound exit
		173.89	279.85		Hatch Road
		175.89	283.07	North end of freeway
		184.32	296.63		Main Avenue – Deer Park
Stevens		195.37	314.42		SR 292 – Loon Lake, Springdale
		203.31	327.20		Bulldog Creek Road	Former SR 232
		207.22	333.49		SR 231 – Valley, Springdale
	Colville	234.41	377.25		SR 20 east – Ione, Newport	South end of SR 20 overlap
		243.91	392.54		SR 25 – Davenport, Northport, Trail
Ferry		246.66	396.96		SR 20 west – Republic, Tonasket	North end of SR 20 overlap
		262.63	422.66		Boulder–Deer Creek Road – Curlew
	Laurier	275.03	442.62	BC 395 at the Canada – United States border
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Concurrency terminus       Incomplete access

See also

• Washington Roads portal

References

1. Washington State Department of Transportation, State Highway Log, 2006
2. Google (July 24, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (Overview)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 24, 2008.
3. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 (Plymouth to Kennewick)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
4. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (Kennewick to Ritzville)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
5. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (Ritzville to West Spokane)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
6. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (West Spokane to North Spokane)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
7. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (North Spokane to Colville)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
8. Google (July 23, 2008). "U.S. Route 395 Map (Colville to Canada)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
9. Washington State Department of Transportation. Official State Highway Map [map], 2008-2009 edition, Official State Highway Maps. (2008) Retrieved on July 23, 2008
10. Department of Highways, Highway Map: State of Washington, Revised to April 1, 1933
11. Department of Highways, Highways of the State of Washington (Rand McNally), 1939
12. Washington State Legislature (1985). "An act relating to state highway routes; amending RCW 47.17.055, 47.17.060, 47.17.455, and 47.17.575; adding a new section to chapter 47.17 RCW; and repealing RCW 47.17.281 and 47.17.867.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1985 chapter 177.
13. State Highway Board, Road Map of Washington Showing Main Traveled Roads, 1912
14. Washington State Legislature (1943). "An act relating to public highways; creating and establishing, describing and designating additions to the Primary State Highways of the State of Washington; eliminating certain Secondary State Highways from the Secondary State Highway System; amending sections 2, 3 and 12, chapter 207, Laws of 1937 (sections 6402-2, 6402-3 and 6402-12, Remington's Revised Statutes, Volume 7A); and declaring an emergency and that this act shall take effect April 1, 1943.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1943 chapter 239, p. 715.: "There is hereby established an extension to Primary State Highway No. 8, described as follows: Beginning in the vicinity of Maryhill, running thence easterly by the most feasible route along the north bank of the Columbia river to a point in the vicinity of Plymouth, thence in a northeasterly direction to a junction with Primary State Highway No. 3 in the vicinity of Kennewick."
15. Washington State Legislature (1913). "An act relating to public highways, classifying the same and naming and fixing the routes of certain state roads.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1913 chapter 65, p. 222.: "A highway connecting with the Inland Empire Highway at Pasco, Washington; thence by the most feasible route through Connell, Ritzville, Sprague, and Cheney to Spokane, Washington, to be known as the Central Washington Highway."
16. State Highway Board, Map of Washington State Highways Authorized by Legislative Acts of 1913 (with 1915 changes marked)
17. Rand McNally, Official 1923 Auto Trails Map, District No. 14: Washington, Oregon, Northern California, Western Idaho
18. Washington State Legislature (1923). "An act relating to, classifying, naming and fixing the routes of certain state highways, amending Section 6796, and repealing Sections 6791, 6792, 6793, 6794, 6795, 6797, 6798, 6799, 6800, 6801, 6802, 6803, 6804, 6805, 6806, 6808, 6809, 6811, 6812, 6813 and 6816 of Remington's Compiled Statutes.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1923 chapter 185, p. 630.: "A primary state highway, to be known as State Road No. 11 or the Central Washington Highway, is established as follows: Beginning at Pasco in Franklin County; thence by the most feasible route in a northeasterly direction through Connell, Ritzville, Sprague and Cheney to a connection with State Road No. 2 west of the City of Spokane."
19. Washington State Legislature (1929). "An act establishing a primary state highway to be known as State Road No. 11, or the Columbia Basin Highway, and amending Section 10 of Chapter 185 of the Laws of 1923.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1929 chapter 171, p. 432.
20. State Highway Committee, Program of State Highway Department: State and Federal Aid System to be completed by 1936, Approved by State Highway Committee April 1, 1924
21. Department of Highways, Twenty-First Biennial Report, 1944-1946, p. 31: "the construction of Portland cement concrete pavement on PSH No. 11 between Geiger Field and Four Lakes, a distance of 2.888 miles"
22. National Bridge Inventory database, 2006
23. Department of Highways, Official Opening, Spokane Freeway, Four Lakes to Tyler, November 18, 1966, OCLC 41812460
24. Washington State Legislature (1961). "Relating to public highways; describing powers and duties of the interim committee on highways, streets and bridges, license department and state highway commission; establishing and designating certain highways and alternate routes; providing for surveys and studies of proposed highway additions and toll facilities; prescribing fees, size, weight, load, permits and equipment restrictions for certain motor vehicles; prescribing regulations relating to motor vehicle fuel taxes; amending...; making appropriations; providing effective dates and declaring an emergency.". Session Laws of the State of Washington. Olympia, WA: State of Washington. 1961 (1st extraordinary session) chapter 21, p. 2625.: "Secondary state highway No. 11H; beginning at a junction with primary state highway No. 11 in the vicinity of Tyler, thence northeasterly via Cheney to a junction with primary state highway No. 11 in the vicinity of Four Lakes: Provided, That the addition of highway No. 11H shall not become effective until such time as the interstate system by-pass of Cheney is constructed and under traffic."
25. From 1964 to 1970, the old numbers remained legislatively but only the new numbers were signed.
26. Tri-City Herald, Lind By-Pass Will Straighten Kinks, August 21, 1956
27. 1991, H.R.2950. "An act to develop a national intermodal surface transportation system, to authorize funds for construction of highways, for highway safety programs, and for mass transit programs, and for other purposes."
28. Spokane Spokesman-Review, 4-Lane Road Completed at Lind, November 22, 1995
29. Spokane Spokesman-Review, State Highway Speed Limits Get a Boost, July 12, 1996

External links

Route map: Bing / Google

• Kaiser, C (2009). "US 395, Part 28: Spokane and Northern Spokane County (US 2/US 395 and US