UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine N-acyltransferase

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine N-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.191, UDP-3-O-acyl-glucosamine N-acyltransferase, UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase, acyltransferase LpxD, acyl-ACP:UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxyacyl)-GlcN N-acyltransferase, firA (gene), lpxD (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-(acyl-carrier protein):UDP-3-O-((3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-alpha-D-glucosamine N-acetyltransferase.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-3-O-[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine

\rightleftharpoons

UDP-2,3-bis[O-(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-alpha-D-glucosamine + holo-[acyl-carrier protein]

The enzyme catalyses a step of lipid A biosynthesis.

References

↑ Bartling, C.M. and Raetz, C.R. (2009). "Crystal structure and acyl chain selectivity of Escherichia coli LpxD, the N-acyltransferase of lipid A biosynthesis". Biochemistry 48: 8672–8683. doi:10.1021/bi901025v. PMID 19655786.
↑ Buetow, L., Smith, T.K., Dawson, A., Fyffe, S. and Hunter, W.N. (2007). "Structure and reactivity of LpxD, the N-acyltransferase of lipid A biosynthesis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 4321–4326. doi:10.1073/pnas.0606356104. PMID 17360522.
↑ Bartling, C.M. and Raetz, C.R. (2008). "Steady-state kinetics and mechanism of LpxD, the N-acyltransferase of lipid A biosynthesis". Biochemistry 47: 5290–5302. doi:10.1021/bi800240r. PMID 18422345.
↑ Kelly, T.M., Stachula, S.A., Raetz, C.R. and Anderson, M.S. (1993). "The firA gene of Escherichia coli encodes UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase. The third step of endotoxin biosynthesis". J. Biol. Chem. 268: 19866–19874. PMID 8366125.
↑ Bainbridge, B.W., Karimi-Naser, L., Reife, R., Blethen, F., Ernst, R.K. and Darveau, R.P. (2008). "Acyl chain specificity of the acyltransferases LpxA and LpxD and substrate availability contribute to lipid A fatty acid heterogeneity in Porphyromonas gingivalis". J. Bacteriol. 190: 4549–4558. doi:10.1128/jb.00234-08. PMID 18456814.

External links

UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine N-acyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Transferases: acyltransferases (EC 2.3)

2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups	acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase N-Acetylglutamate synthase Choline acetyltransferase Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase Beta-galactoside transacetylase Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase N-acetyltransferase Serotonin N-acetyl transferase HGSNAT ARD1A Histone acetyltransferase P300/CBP NAT2 palmitoyltransferases: Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase CPT1 CPT2 Serine C-palmitoyltransferase SPTLC1 SPTLC2 other: Acyltransferase like 2 Aminolevulinic acid synthase Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase Lecithin—cholesterol acyltransferase Glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5

2.3.2: Aminoacyltransferases	Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase Peptidyl transferase Transglutaminase Tissue transglutaminase Keratinocyte transglutaminase Factor XIII

2.3.3: converted into alkyl on transfer	Citrate synthase ATP citrate lyase HMG-CoA synthase Malate synthase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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