Ulmus americana 'Augustine'
| Ulmus americana | |
|---|---|
| Cultivar | 'Augustine' |
| Origin | Bloomington, Illinois, USA |
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Augustine' was originally selected in Bloomington, Illinois, in 1927.[1]
Description
'Augustine' is a fastigiate, vigorous tree distinguished by its thicker branches and larger, more deeply toothed leaves.[2][3]
Pests and diseases
'Augustine' has proven particularly susceptible to Dutch elm disease, exhibiting 36% crown dieback in one year after inoculation with the pathogen.[4] The species is also highly susceptible to Elm Yellows and is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola [5] , and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [6] in the USA. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt.[7]
Cultivation
The tree it is not known to have been cultivated beyond the USA, where it is no longer in commerce.
Synonymy
- 'Augustine Ascending': Weston, in Horticulture, II.30: 448, 1952.
Accessions
North America
- Longwood Gardens. Acc. no. 1959-2682.
- Bartlett Tree Experts. Acc. nos. 1368, L 332, (as 'Augustine Ascending').
- U S National Arboretum , Washington, D.C., USA. Acc. no. 62665.
References
- ↑ Green, P. S. (1964). Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus. Arnoldia, Vol. 24. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University.
- ↑ Ulmus americana 'Augustine' photographs in University of Michigan Plant Encyclopaedia, saylorplants.com/pd_bigpic.asp?pid=3214&pic_id=pic16, saylorplants.com/pd_bigpic.asp?pid=1931&pic_id=pic16
- ↑ Photograph of 'Augustine' elms on the National Mall, Washington DC: 'Elms of the Monumental Core', James L. Sherald, National Park Service (2009), p.36 [www.nps.gov/.../ElmsoftheMonuCore_HistandMgmtPlan_122009.pdf]
- ↑ Townsend, A. M., Bentz, S. E., and Douglass L. W. (2005). Evaluation of 19 American Elm Clones for Tolerance to Dutch Elm Disease. Journal of Environmental Horticulture, March 2005, Horticultural Research Institute, Washington, D.C.
- ↑ Miller, F. and Ware, G. (2001). Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) to Feeding of the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94 (1): 162-166. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.
- ↑ Miller, F., Ware, G. and Jackson, J. (2001). Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmuss spp.) for the Feeding of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 94 (2). pp 445-448. 2001. Entom. Soc.of America.
- ↑ Pegg, G. F. & Brady, B. L. (2002). Verticillium Wilts. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0-85199-529-2