Ulmus bergmanniana
| Ulmus bergmanniana | |
|---|---|
.JPG) | |
| Bergmann's elm, Kew, London. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Rosales |
| Family: | Ulmaceae |
| Genus: | Ulmus |
| Species: | U. bergmanniana |
| Binomial name | |
| Ulmus bergmanniana C.K.Schneid. | |
Ulmus bergmanniana, commonly known as Bergmann's elm, is a deciduous tree found across much of China in forests at elevations of 1500–3000 m.[1]
Description
The tree is very closely related to the wych elm Ulmus glabra; it can reach a height of 26 metres (85 ft) with a wide-spreading crown, and a trunk of about 0.9 m d.b.h.[2] The bark is longitudinally fissured, and varies in colour from greyish-white to dark grey. The pubescent leaves range from obovate to elliptic, less than 16 cm (6.3 in) long, and bluish-green in colour.[3] [4] The perfect, wind-pollinated apetalous flowers are produced on second-year shoots in February, followed by generally orbicular samarae less than 16 mm in diameter. Branchlets do not possess the corky wings characteristic of many other elm species.
Pests and diseases
U. bergmanniana has a moderate resistance to Dutch elm disease; in trials in Oklahoma it was also found to be eschewed by the elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola , but further north at the Morton Arboretum was moderately to highly preferred by the insect. The species is also susceptible to the elm leafminer.[5]
Cultivation
The tree was introduced to the West in 1900. In trials in the USA it was found to propagate well, and also proved to be very winter hardy. There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to be in commerce beyond the USA.
Notable trees
The UK TROBI Champion is a relatively young tree at Kew; planted in 1973, it measured 10 m high by 46 cm d.b.h. in 2010.[6]
Subspecies & varieties
Two varieties are recognized: var. bergmanniana L.K.Fu, and var. lasiophylla C.K.Schneid..
Etymology
The species was named by Camillo Karl Schneider for his friend Carl Bergmann, who assisted in indexing the work in which it was published.[7]
Accessions
- North America
- Brenton Arboretum, Dallas Center, Iowa. No accession details available.
- Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois. Planted in West Collections Area.
- Denver Botanic Gardens, (no acc. no. available).
- Morton Arboretum, acc. no. 44-95. Obtained from Yunnan Province, China.
- U S National Arboretum , Washington, D.C., USA. Acc. nos. 68997, 76216, 76217, 76242, 68977.
- Europe
- Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK, acc. no. 507
- Royal Botanic Gardens Edinburgh, UK, acc. no. 20030262, origin unknown
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, acc. no. 1973–11708. Tree planted 1972, British champion tree, 8 m high, 34 cm d.b.h. in 2001,[8] origin undisclosed.
- Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands, Elm collection. Planted 2013 Smeerdijkgaarde, Kortenhoef.
Nurseries
- North America
References
- ↑ "Ulmus bergmanniana_EOL".
- ↑ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. ISBN 1930723407
- ↑
- ↑ White, J. & More, D. (2003). Trees of Britain & Northern Europe. Cassell's, London. ISBN 0304361925
- ↑ Grimshaw, J. & Bayton, R. (2009). New Trees - Recent Introductions to Cultivation. RBG Kew, London. ISBN 978-1-84246-173-0
- ↑ Johnson, O. (2011). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland, p. 168. Kew Publishing, Kew, London. ISBN 9781842464526.
- ↑ Schneider, C.K. (1906-1912). Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde. Vol.2. p.902. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.
- ↑ Johnson, Owen (ed.) (2003). Champion Trees of Britain & Ireland. Whittet Press, ISBN 978-1-873580-61-5.