United Nations Security Council Resolution 47

UN Security Council
Resolution 47
Date April 21 1948
Meeting no. 286
Code S/726 (Document)
Subject The India-Pakistan Question
Result Adopted

United Nations Security Council Resolution 47, adopted on April 21, 1948, When after hearing arguments from both India and Pakistan the Council increased the size of the Commission established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 39 to five members, instructed the Commission to go to the subcontinent and help the governments of India and Pakistan restore peace and order to the region and prepare for a plebiscite to decide the fate of Kashmir. The resolution was passed by United Nations Security Council under chapter VI of UN Charter.[1] Resolutions passed under Chapter VI of UN charter are considered non binding and have no mandatory enforceability as opposed to the resolutions passed under Chapter VII.[2][3][4]

The resolution recommended that in order to ensure the impartiality of the plebiscite Pakistan withdraw all tribesmen and nationals who entered the region for the purpose of fighting and that India leave only the minimum number of troops needed to keep civil order. The Commission was also to send as many observers into the region as it deemed necessary to ensure the provisions of the resolution were enacted. Pakistan ignored the UN mandate, did not withdraw its troops and claimed the withdrawal of Indian forces was a prerequisite as per this resolution.[5] Indian claim is that Subsequently Pakistan refused to implement the plebiscite until India accedes to it and continued holding on to the portion of Kashmir under its control.[6][7]

The resolution was adopted paragraph by paragraph; no vote on the resolution as a whole was taken.

In March 2001, the then Secretary-General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan during his visit to India and Pakistan, remarked that Kashmir resolutions are only advisory recommendations and comparing with those on East Timor and Iraq was like comparing apples and oranges, since those resolutions were passed under chapter VII, which make it enforceable by UNSC.[15][16][17][18][19][20] In 2003, then Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf announced that Pakistan was willing to back off from demand for UN resolutions for Kashmir.[21][22][23] Moreover, in November 2010, United Nations excluded Jammu and Kashmir from its annual list of unresolved international disputes under the observation of the United Nations Security Council.[24][25][26][27][28][29]

See also

References

  1. ↑ One of the earliest applications of Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter was on the Kashmir dispute. Following negotiations and agreements among the parties, the Security Council adopted resolution 47 (1948) of 21 April 1948 which promised a free and fair plebiscite under UN auspices to enable the people of Jammu and Kashmir to determine whether they wish to join Pakistan or India. Foreign Minister of Pakistan, on the role of the Security Council in the Pacific Settlement of Disputes
  2. ↑ 'The Kashmir issue was taken to the UN by India in January, 1948 and remained active in the UN Security Council till the late fifties The Indian complaint was filed under Chapter VI of the UN Charter and not under Chapter VII, which requires mandatory enforcement of the UN Security Council's decisions.' Kashmir policy: an overview by Shamshad Ahmad, Dawn 2004-08-05
  3. ↑ "There are two sorts of security council resolution: those under 'chapter 6' are non-binding recommendations dealing with the peaceful resolution of disputes; those under 'chapter 7' give the council broad powers, including war, to deal with 'threats to the peace ... or acts of aggression'." If Saddam steps out of line we must go straight to war by Bill Emmott, The Guardian, 2002-11-25.
  4. ↑ 'Chapter VI establishes the appropriate methods of settling international disputes and the Security Council's powers in relation to them. It is generally agreed that resolutions under Chapter VI are advisory rather than binding. These resolutions have generally been operative only with the consent of all parties involved. Traditionally, the Chapter has not been interpreted to support collective intervention by member states in the affairs of another member state.'Collective Insecurities by Azeem Suterwalla. Harvard International Review
  5. ↑ A Brief History of Kashmir Conflict. The Daily Telegraph. September 24, 2001.
  6. ↑ Kashmir Issue. Ministry of External Affairs - India. Archived 29 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  7. ↑ 'State Dept. Moves to Expel Top Kashmir Separatist. The New York Times. April 22, 1990.
  8. ↑ Jammu and Kashmir out of U.N. list of disputes, The Hindu, 15 Nov,2010
  9. ↑ http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jammu-kashmir-out-of-un-disputes-list-pakistan-cries-foul-1467235
  10. ↑ http://tribune.com.pk/story/77671/kashmir-issue-left-unmentioned-in-united-nations/
  11. ↑ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/pak-slams-missing-kashmir-in-un-disputes-list/135077-2.html
  12. ↑ http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jammu-kashmir-out-of-un-disputes-list-pakistan-cries-foul-1467235
  13. ↑ http://ibnlive.in.com/news/pak-slams-missing-kashmir-in-un-disputes-list/135077-2.html
  14. ↑ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jammu-and-kashmir-out-of-un-list-of-disputes/article886480.ece
  15. ↑ "Low expectations from Indo-Pak talks".
  16. ↑ "The Rediff Interview/Ashraf Jehangir Qazi".
  17. ↑ "Don't expect too much from talks: Officials".
  18. ↑ "Does India have a case in Kashmir?".
  19. ↑ "Annan upbeat on Kashmir".
  20. ↑ "Terrorism to feature in talks with Kofi Annan".
  21. ↑ "We have `left aside' U.N. resolutions on Kashmir: Musharraf".
  22. ↑ "The Musharraf formula".
  23. ↑ "Does Pakistan have sincere intention to resolve Kashmir issue: Omar to Musharraf".
  24. ↑ "Jammu & Kashmir out of UN disputes list; Pakistan cries foul".
  25. ↑ "Kashmir issue left unmentioned in United Nations".
  26. ↑ "UNSC doesn't list J&K as dispute".
  27. ↑ "Kashmir removed from UN list of disputes".
  28. ↑ "Jammu and Kashmir out of U.N. list of disputes".
  29. ↑ "Jammu and Kashmir removed from list of disputes under UN".

Further reading

External links

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