SM U-151
| History | |
|---|---|
 German Empire
| |
| Class and type: | Type U-151 U-boat |
| Name: | U-151 |
| Ordered: | 29 November 1916 |
| Builder: | Reiherstieg Schiffswerfte & Maschinenfabrik, Hamburg |
| Yard number: | 303 |
| Launched: | 4 April 1917 |
| Commissioned: | 21 July 1917 |
| Captured: | Surrendered to France at Cherbourg |
| Fate: | Sunk as target ship at Cherbourg, 7 June 1921 |
| General characteristics [1] | |
| Class and type: | German Type U 151 submarine |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: |
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| Beam: |
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| Height: | 9.25 m (30 ft 4 in) |
| Draught: | 5.30 m (17 ft 5 in) |
| Installed power: |
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| Propulsion: | 2 × shafts, 2 × 1.60 m (5 ft 3 in) propellers |
| Speed: |
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| Range: | 25,000 nmi (46,000 km; 29,000 mi) at 5.5 knots (10.2 km/h; 6.3 mph) surfaced, 65 nmi (120 km; 75 mi) at 3 knots (5.6 km/h; 3.5 mph) submerged |
| Test depth: | 50 metres (160 ft) |
| Complement: | 6 officers, 50 enlisted |
| Armament: |
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| Service record | |
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| Commanders: |
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| Operations: | 4 patrols |
| Victories: | |
SM U-151 or SM Unterseeboot 151 was a World War I U-boat of the Imperial German Navy, constructed by Reiherstieg Schiffswerfte & Maschinenfabrik at Hamburg and launched on 4 April 1917. From 1917 until the Armistice in November 1918 she was part of the U-Kreuzer Flotilla, and was responsible for sinking 37 ships.
Background
The U-151 was originally one of seven Deutschland class U-boats designed to carry cargo between the United States and Germany in 1916. Five of the submarine freighters were converted into long-range cruiser U-boats (U-kreuzers) equipped with two 15 cm deck guns, including the U-151 which was originally to have been named Oldenburg. They were the largest U-boats of World War I.
Service history
U-151 was commissioned on 21 July 1917. From 21 July to 26 December 1917 she was commanded by Waldemar Kophamel who took U-151 on a long-range cruise which eventually covered a total of 12,000 miles. On 19 September 1917 the U-151 claimed her first victim, the 3,104 ton French sailing vessel Blanche in the Atlantic. On 20 November 1917 U-151 captured the steamship Johan Mjelde, and scuttled her on 26 November after transferring 22 tons of her cargo of copper.
American cruise
U-151 left Kiel on 14 April 1918 commanded by Korvettenkapitän Heinrich von Nostitz und Jänckendorff, her mission to attack American shipping. She arrived at the East Coast on 21 May, laid mines off the Delaware capes and cut the submerged telegraph cables which connected New York with Nova Scotia. On 25 May she stopped three US schooners off Virginia, took their crews prisoner, and sank the three ships by gunfire.
On 2 June 1918, known to some historians as "Black Sunday", U-151 sank six US ships and damaged two others off the coast of New Jersey in the space of a few hours. The next day the tanker Herbert L. Pratt struck a mine previously laid by U-151 in the area but was later salvaged. 13 people died in the seven sinkings, their deaths caused by a capsized lifeboat from SS Carolina.[2]
On 9 June U-151 stopped the Norwegian freighter Vindeggan off Cape Hatteras. Scuttling charges were rigged aboard her, then she was escorted outside the shipping lane under a prize crew. Von Nostitz then transferred 70 tons of copper ingots from Vindeggan to the U-151.[3]
On 14 June U-151 sank the Norwegian barque Samoa, en route from Walvis Bay to Perth Amboy with a cargo of copper ore, by gunfire 90 miles off the Virginia coast. There were no casualties.[4]
On the 18th of June, U-151 sank the SS Dwinsk, and then loitered near her lifeboats in the hopes that more Allied shipping would be attracted to them.[5] Through this ruse, she launched torpedoes at USS Von Steuben (ID-3017), but missed and was instead depth charged by Von Steuben.
U-151 returned to Kiel on 20 July 1918 after a 94-day cruise in which she had covered a distance of 10,915 nmi (20,215 km; 12,561 mi). Her commander reported that she had sunk 23 ships totalling 61,000 tons and had laid mines responsible for the sinking of another four vessels.[6]
Fate
At the end of the war U-151 was surrendered to France at Cherbourg, where she was turned into a target ship, and was sunk on 7 June 1921.[7]
See also
- USS Von Steuben, one of the ships she unsuccessfully attacked in 1918.
Notes
- ↑ Gröner 1991, pp. 20-21.
- ↑ ""Black Sunday" – Victims of U-151". Scuba Diving – New Jersey & Long Island New York.
- ↑ Hadley, Michael L.; Roger Flynn Sarty (1991). Tin-pots and Pirate Ships. McGill-Queen's Press. pp. 244–245. ISBN 0-7735-0778-7.
- ↑ http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?19943
- ↑ "S/S C. F. Tietgen, Scandinavian America Line". Norway-Heritage. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
- ↑ Gibson 2002, p. 308.
- ↑ McCartney 2002.
Bibliography
- Gibson, R.H.; Prendergast, Maurice (2002). The German Submarine War 1914-1918. Periscope Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-904381-08-1.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel (London: Conway Maritime Press). ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
- Jung, Dieter (2004). Die Schiffe der Kaiserlichen Marine 1914-1918 und ihr Verbleib [German Imperial Navy ships 1914-1918 and their fate] (in German). Bonn: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN 3-7637-6247-7.
- McCartney, Innes (2002). Lost Patrols: Submarine Wrecks of the English Channel.
External links
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boats: U 151". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
- For a discussion of the impact of this boat on the U.S. submarine effort in WWI
- Photo, Herbert L. Pratt grounded after making way inshore.
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