Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills

The Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills (German: Oberpfälzisch-Obermainisches Hügelland), also called the Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills and Uplands (Oberpfälzisch-Obermainisches Hügel- und Bergland) form a landscape of low, rolling hills between the Franconian Jura in the southwest and (from northwest to southeast) the Franconian Forest, Fichtel Mountains and Upper Palatine Forest in the northeast.

The region runs from northwest to southeast and is about 170 kilometres long, but only 7 to 35 kilometres wide^[1] and lies mainly in the Bavarian administrative provinces of Upper Franconia and Upper Palatinate; small elements, however, also lie within the Thuringian county of Sonneberg. Its best known settlements are (from northwest to southeast) Sonneberg (in the extreme northeast), Kulmbach, Marktzeuln near Lichtenfels (at the northwest edge), Bayreuth, Weiden (Ostrand), Amberg and Schwandorf.

Natural region classification

The Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills are, according to the Handbook of the Natural Region Divisions of Germany, a natural region major unit group. They are generally seen as part of the South German Scarplands, but there are also levels, which it - just as with the major landscapes and hill regions bordering it to the southwest and northeast - covers as an independent "2nd order major landscape".^[2]

The Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills is subdivided into major units (three figures) as follows:^[3] [1]

• 07 (=D62) Upper Palatine-Upper Main Hills
  • 070 Upper Palatine Hills
  • 071 Upper Main Hills

The dividing line between the two landscapes is mainly the watershed between the Main (north) and Naab (south).

The Upper Palatine Hills contain practically all the rock periods between the Permian and the current period, whilst the surface rocks of the Upper Main Hills are predominantly of Black and Brown Jurassic.^[1]

References

1. E. Meynen und J. Schmithüsen: Handbuch der naturräumlichen Gliederung Deutschlands – Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Remagen/Bad Godesberg 1953-1962 (9 Lieferungen in 8 Büchern, aktualisierte Karte 1:1.000.000 mit Haupteinheiten 1960)
2. Because the State Institute for Regional Studies, who published the handbook, classed the UP-UM Hills initially as part of the South German Scarplands, but since 1969 has tended to call the landscape as an independent "2nd Order Major Landscape" (Großlandschaft 2. Ordnung), see mapping.
3. Kartendienste des BfN

External links

• Landscape fact files by the BfN:
  • Upper Palatine Hills
    • Grafenwöhr Training Area
    • Naab Valley between Wernberg and Maxhütte (only partly in the Upper Palatine Hills)
  • Upper Main Hills
    • Upper Main Valley and Steinach-Rodach-Talspinne
• Species list (Bavarian State Office for the Environment)