Uzbekistani som

For earlier currencies used in Uzbekistan, see Bukharan tenga, Kokand tenga and Khwarazmi tenga.
Uzbekistani som
Oʻzbekiston soʻmi / Ўзбекистон сўми (Uzbek)

25 som.
ISO 4217 code UZS
Central bank Central Bank of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Website www.cbu.uz
User(s) Uzbekistan Uzbekistan
Inflation 16%
Source The World Factbook, 2011 est.
Subunit
1/100 tiyin
Plural so'm
tiyin tiyin
Coins 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 so'm
Banknotes 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000 so'm

The som (Uzbek: soʻm in Latin script, сўм in Cyrillic script) is the currency of Uzbekistan in Central Asia. The ISO 4217 currency code is UZS.

Etymology

In the Soviet Union, speakers of Kazakh, Kyrgyz and Uzbek called the ruble the som, and this name appeared written on the back of banknotes, among the texts for the value of the bill in all 15 official languages of the Union. The word som (sometimes transliterated "sum" or "soum") means "pure" in Kyrgyz, Uyghur and Uzbek, as well as in many other Turkic languages. The word implies "pure gold".

First som

Like other republics of the former Soviet Union, Uzbekistan continued using Soviet/Russian ruble after independence. On July 26, 1993, a new series of Russian ruble was issued and old Soviet/Russian ruble ceased to be legal tender in Russia.[1][2] Some successor states had their national currencies before the change, some chose to continue using the pre-1993 Soviet/Russian ruble, and some chose to use both the pre-1993 and the new Russian ruble. Tables of modern monetary history: Asia[3] implies that both old and new rubles were used in Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan replaced the ruble with som at par in on November 15, 1993.[3] No subdivisions of this som were issued and only banknotes were produced, in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000, and 10,000 so'm. Because it was meant to be a transitional currency, the design was rather simplistic. All notes had the Coat of arms on obverse, and Sher-Dor Madrasah of the Registan in Samarkand on reverse.[4] They only differ in color and value.

Second som

A 500 So'm note issued in 1999.

On July 1, 1994,[3] a second som was introduced at a rate of 1 new so'm = 1000 old so'm. This so'm is subdivided into 100 tiyin. At its introduction, 1 U.S. dollar was equal to 25 so'm. As of January 2016, the largest denomination of Uzbek currency, the 5000 som bill, is worth approximately U.S. $1.78, requiring Uzbeks to carry enormous numbers of bills just to carry out grocery shopping and bill payment. Consequently, the smallest denomination, the 1 tiyin, is only worth 1/2790 cent U.S. making it the "world's most worthless coin". However, coins and banknotes smaller than 25 som are rare now.[5]

The rampant inflation situation is considered a politically sensitive issue in Uzbekistan, which is why the Uzbek government is slow to acclimate the currency to the current value by issuing higher coin and note denominations. As a result, the current highest coin denomination in circulation is the 100 som while the highest banknote denomination is the 5000 som. Official state figures put inflation as of the first half of 2011 at 3.6%, however accurate numbers are pinned far higher. Coins and banknotes below 25 so'm are practically worthless now.

Coins

2 series of coins have been issued for the second so'm. They can be easily distinguished by the script used for the Uzbek language. The first series was written in Cyrillic script, while the second series is written in Latin script.

First Series
Image Value Composition Description Date of minting
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
1 tiyin Brass clad steel Coat of arms with 12 stars
State title
Value, year of minting 1994
3 tiyin
5 tiyin
10 tiyin Nickel clad steel Coat of arms with 12 stars
State title
Value, year of minting 1994
20 tiyin
50 tiyin
1 so'm 1997, 1998, 1999
5 so'm 1997, 1998, 1999
10 so'm 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000
For table standards, see the coin specification table.
Second Series
Image Value Technical parameters Description Date of minting
Diameter Mass Composition Edge Obverse Reverse
1 so'm 18.4 mm 2.83 g Stainless steel Reeded Coat of arms without stars
Bank title, year of minting
Value, map of Uzbekistan 2000
5 so'm 21.2 mm 3.35 g Brass clad steel Plain Coat of arms without stars
Bank title, year of minting
Value, map of Uzbekistan 2001
10 so'm 19.75 mm 2.71 g Nickel clad steel Plain Coat of arms without stars
Bank title, year of minting
Value, map of Uzbekistan 2001
25 so'm 27 mm Coat of arms without stars
State title, year of minting
Value, Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu 1999
50 so'm 26.1 mm 8 g Plain and reeded sections Coat of arms without stars
Bank title, year of minting
Value, map of Uzbekistan 20011
50 so'm 26.1 mm 7.9 g Value, statue and ruin of Shahrisabz 20022
100 so'm 26.9 mm 7.9 g Inscription Coat of arms without stars
Bank title, year of minting
Value, map of Uzbekistan, sunrays 20043
These images are to scale at 2.5 pixels per millimetre. For table standards, see the coin specification table.

Banknotes

The first banknotes were issued by the State Bank of Uzbekistan in 1993. All of the denominations share the same designs: the Coat of arms of Uzbekistan on the front and the Medressa on Reghistan Square in Samarkand. The second and current series, issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of Uzberkistan, were released in 1994 in denominations of 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 so'm. A 200 so'm banknote was issued in 1997, the 500 so'm in 1999, the 1000 so'm in 2001 and the 5000 so'm banknote was issued on July 1, 2013.

1994-2013 Series[6]
Image Value Main Colour Description Date of printing
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse
1 so'm Green and pink Coat of arms Alisher Navoi Opera and Ballet Theater in Tashkent 1994
3 so'm Red Mosque of Çaçma Ayub Mazar in Bukhara
5 so'm Blue and orange Coat of arms and Islamic pattern Ali Shir Nawai Monument in Tashkent
10 so'm Purple Gur-e Amir in Samarkand
25 so'm Blue and pink The Mausoleum of Kazi Zade Rumi in the Shah-i-Zinda complex in Samarkand
50 so'm Brown The three Madrasahs of the Registan in Samarkand
100 so'm Purple Bunyodkor Palace in Tashkent
200 so'm Green Coat of arms Detail of a tiger mosaiс on the Sher-Dor Madrasah at the Registan in Samarkand 1997
500 so'm Red and some green Statue of Timur in Tashkent 1999
1000 so'm Grey Amir Timur Museum in Tashkent 2001
5000 so'm Green National Assembly (Oliy Majlis) in Tashkent 2013
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.
Current UZS exchange rates
From Google Finance: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From Yahoo! Finance: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From XE: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From TransferWise: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From OANDA: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From fxtop.com: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD RUB CNY
From Currency.Wiki: AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USDRUB CNY

See also

References

  1. The Global History of Currencies - Russia
  2. U.S. Department of State (February 1994). "Uzbekistan Economic Policy and Trade Practices". Archived from the original on 2010-07-10. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 Schuler, Kurt. "Tables of Modern Monetary History: Asia".
  4. Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Uzbekistan". The Banknote Book. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
  5. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21572359
  6. banknotes
  • Krause, Chester L., and Clifford Mishler (2003). 2004 Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1901–Present. Colin R. Bruce II (senior editor) (31st ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 0873495934. 
  • Cuhaj, George S. (editor) (2005). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: Modern Issues 1961-Date (11th ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 0-89689-160-7. 

External links

Old som
Preceded by:
Soviet/Russian ruble
Reason: independence
Ratio: at par
Currency of Uzbekistan
November 15, 1993 July 1, 1994
Succeeded by:
New som
Reason: inflation and depreciation of the "transitional" currency
Ratio: 1 new som = 1000 old som
New som
Preceded by:
Old som
Reason: inflation and depreciation of the "transitional" currency
Ratio: 1 new som = 1000 old som
Currency of Uzbekistan
July 1, 1994
Succeeded by:
Current
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