vCard

".vcf" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Variant Call Format.

VCard

Filename extension	`.vcf, .vcard`
Internet media type	`text/vcard`
Type code	vCrd
Uniform Type Identifier (UTI)	public.vcard
Developed by	Internet Mail Consortium
Type of format	electronic business card
Container for	contact information

vCard is a file format standard for electronic business cards. vCards are often attached to e-mail messages, but can be exchanged in other ways, such as on the World Wide Web or instant messaging. They can contain name and address information, telephone numbers, e-mail addresses, URLs, logos, photographs, and audio clips.

Media type

The standard Internet media type (MIME type) for a vCard is:^[1]

text/vcard

As of version 4.0 specification, other media types known to have been used previously are now deprecated, including:^[1]

text/x-vcard

text/directory;profile=vCard

text/directory

Example vCard files

The following is an example of a vCard file containing information for one person:

vCard 2.1

BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:2.1
N:Gump;Forrest
FN:Forrest Gump
ORG:Bubba Gump Shrimp Co.
TITLE:Shrimp Man
PHOTO;GIF:http://www.example.com/dir_photos/my_photo.gif
TEL;WORK;VOICE:(111) 555-1212
TEL;HOME;VOICE:(404) 555-1212
ADR;WORK:;;100 Waters Edge;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
LABEL;WORK;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:100 Waters Edge=0D=0ABaytown, LA 30314=0D=0AUnited States of America
ADR;HOME:;;42 Plantation St.;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
LABEL;HOME;ENCODING=QUOTED-PRINTABLE:42 Plantation St.=0D=0ABaytown, LA 30314=0D=0AUnited States of America
EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:forrestgump@example.com
REV:20080424T195243Z
END:VCARD

vCard 3.0

BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N:Gump;Forrest;;Mr.
FN:Forrest Gump
ORG:Bubba Gump Shrimp Co.
TITLE:Shrimp Man
PHOTO;VALUE=URL;TYPE=GIF:http://www.example.com/dir_photos/my_photo.gif
TEL;TYPE=WORK,VOICE:(111) 555-1212
TEL;TYPE=HOME,VOICE:(404) 555-1212
ADR;TYPE=WORK:;;100 Waters Edge;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
LABEL;TYPE=WORK:100 Waters Edge\nBaytown\, LA 30314\nUnited States of Ameri
 ca
ADR;TYPE=HOME:;;42 Plantation St.;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
LABEL;TYPE=HOME:42 Plantation St.\nBaytown\, LA 30314\nUnited States of Ame
 rica
EMAIL;TYPE=PREF,INTERNET:forrestgump@example.com
REV:2008-04-24T19:52:43Z
END:VCARD

vCard 4.0

BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:4.0
N:Gump;Forrest;;;
FN:Forrest Gump
ORG:Bubba Gump Shrimp Co.
TITLE:Shrimp Man
PHOTO;MEDIATYPE=image/gif:http://www.example.com/dir_photos/my_photo.gif
TEL;TYPE=work,voice;VALUE=uri:tel:+11115551212
TEL;TYPE=home,voice;VALUE=uri:tel:+14045551212
ADR;TYPE=work;LABEL="100 Waters Edge\nBaytown, LA 30314\nUnited States of A
 merica":;;100 Waters Edge;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
ADR;TYPE=home;LABEL="42 Plantation St.\nBaytown, LA 30314\nUnited States of
 America":;;42 Plantation St.;Baytown;LA;30314;United States of America
EMAIL:forrestgump@example.com
REV:20080424T195243Z
END:VCARD

xCard

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<vcards xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
  <vcard>
    <tel>
      <parameters>
        <type>
          <text>work</text>
        </type>
      </parameters>
      <uri>tel:+1-111-555-1212</uri>
    </tel>
    <adr>
      <parameters>
        <type><text>work</text></type>
        <label><text>100 Waters Edge
                     Baytown, LA 30314
                     United States of America</text></label>
      </parameters>
    </adr>
    <email><text>forrestgump@example.com</text></email>
  </vcard>
</vcards>

jCard

["vcard",
  [
    ["version", {}, "text", "4.0"],
    ["n", {}, "text", ["Gump", "Forrest", "", "", ""]],
    ["fn", {}, "text", "Forrest Gump"],
    ["org", {}, "text", "Bubba Gump Shrimp Co"],
    ["title", {} ,"text", "Shrimp Man"],
    ["photo", {"mediatype":"image/gif"}, "uri", "http://www.example.com/dir_photos/my_photo.gif"],
    ["tel", {"type":["work", "voice"]}, "uri", "tel:+1-111-555-1212"],
    ["tel", {"type":["home", "voice"]}, "uri", "tel:+1-404-555-1212"],
    ["adr",
      {"label":"100 Waters Edge\nBaytown, LA 30314\nUnited States of America", "type":"work"},
      "text",
      ["", "", "100 Waters Edge", "Baytown", "LA", "30314", "United States of America"]
    ],
    ["adr",
      {"label":"42 Plantation St.\nBaytown, LA 30314\nUnited States of America", "type":"home"},
      "text",
      ["", "", "42 Plantation St.", "Baytown", "LA", "30314", "United States of America"]
    ],
    ["email", {}, "text", "forrestgump@example.com"],
    ["rev", {}, "timestamp", "2008-04-24T19:52:43Z"]
  ]
]

hCard 1.0

hCard is a microformat that allows a vCard to be embedded inside an HTML page. It makes use of CSS class names to identify each vCard property. Normal HTML markup and CSS styling can be used alongside the hCard class names without affecting the webpage's ability to be parsed by a hCard parser.

<html>
  <head>
    <link rel="profile" href="http://microformats.org/profile/hcard" />
  </head>
  <body>
    <div class="vcard">
      <img class="photo" src="http://www.example.com/dir_photos/my_photo.gif" align="left" />
      <h1 class="fn">Forrest Gump</h1>
      <div class="email">
        <span class="type">Internet</span> Email (<span class="type">pref</span>erred):
        <a class="value" href="mailto:forrestgump@example.com">forrestgump@example.com</a>
      </div>
      <div class="n">
        First Name: <span class="given-name">Forrest</span><br>
        Last Name: <span class="family-name">Gump</span>
      </div>

      <div class="label" style="display:none">
        <span class="type">home</span>
        42 Plantation St.<br>Baytown, LA 30314<br>United States of America
      </div>
      <div class="adr">
        <span class="type">Home</span> Address:<br>
        <span class="street-address">42 Plantation St.</span><br>
        <span class="locality">Baytown</span>, <span class="region">LA</span>
        <span class="postal-code">30314</span><br>
        <span class="country-name">United States of America</span>
      </div>
      <div class="tel">
         <abbr class="type" title="voice"></abbr>
         <span class="type">Home</span> Phone: <span class="value">+1-111-555-1212</span>
      </div>

      <div>
        Organization: <span class="org">Bubba Gump Shrimp Co.</span><br>
        Title: <span class="title">Shrimp Man</span>
      </div>

      <div class="label" style="display:none">
        <span class="type">work</span>
        100 Waters Edge<br>Baytown, LA 30314<br>United States of America
      </div>
      <div class="adr">
        <span class="type">Work</span> Address:<br>
        <span class="street-address">100 Waters Edge</span><br>
        <span class="locality">Baytown</span>, <span class="region">LA</span>
        <span class="postal-code">30314</span><br>
        <span class="country-name">United States of America</span>
      </div>
      <div class="tel">
         <abbr class="type" title="voice"></abbr>
         <span class="type">Work</span> Phone: <span class="value">+1-404-555-1212</span>
      </div>

      <em>vCard last updated:</em>
      <time class="rev" datetime="2008-04-24T19:52:43Z">April 24, 2008 at 7:52 PM GMT</time>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

h-card

h-card is the microformats2 update to hCard. ^[2]^[3]

Properties

vCard defines the following property types.

All vCards begin with BEGIN:VCARD and end with END:VCARD. All vCards must contain the VERSION property, which specifies the vCard version. VERSION must come immediately after BEGIN, except in the vCard 2.1 standard, which allows it to be anywhere in the vCard. Otherwise, properties can be defined in any order.

R = required

S = supported

SP = special, supported

NS = no longer supported as a property but can be used as a parameter inside another property

Name	Versions			Description	Example
Name	2.1	3.0	4.0	Description	Example
`ADR`	S	S	S	A structured representation of the physical delivery address for the vCard object.	`ADR;TYPE=home:;;123 Main St.;Springfield;IL;12345;USA`
`AGENT`	S	S		Information about another person who will act on behalf of the vCard object. Typically this would be an area administrator, assistant, or secretary for the individual. Can be either a URL or an embedded vCard.	`AGENT:http://mi6.gov.uk/007`
`ANNIVERSARY`			S	Defines the person's anniversary.	`ANNIVERSARY:19901021`
`BDAY`	S	S	S	Date of birth of the individual associated with the vCard.	`BDAY:19700310`
`BEGIN`	R	R	R	All vCards must start with this property.	`BEGIN:VCARD`
`CALADRURI`			S	A URL to use for sending a scheduling request to the person's calendar.	`CALADRURI:http://example.com/calendar/jdoe`
`CALURI`			S	A URL to the person's calendar.	`CALURI:http://example.com/calendar/jdoe`
`CATEGORIES`	S	S	S	A list of "tags" that can be used to describe the object represented by this vCard.	`CATEGORIES:swimmer,biker`
`CLASS`		S		Describes the sensitivity of the information in the vCard.	`CLASS:public`
`CLIENTPIDMAP`			S	Used for synchronizing different revisions of the same vCard.	`CLIENTPIDMAP:1;urn:uuid:3df403f4-5924-4bb7-b077-3c711d9eb34b`
`EMAIL`	S	S	S	The address for electronic mail communication with the vCard object.	`EMAIL:johndoe@hotmail.com`
`END`	R	R	R	All vCards must end with this property.	`END:VCARD`
`FBURL`			S	Defines a URL that shows when the person is "free" or "busy" on their calendar.	`FBURL:http://example.com/fb/jdoe`
`FN`	S	R	R	The formatted name string associated with the vCard object.	`FN:Dr. John Doe`
`GENDER`			S	Defines the person's gender.	`GENDER:F`
`GEO`	S	S	S	Specifies a latitude and longitude.	2.1, 3.0: `GEO:39.95;-75.1667` 4.0: `GEO:geo:39.95,-75.1667`
`IMPP`		SP*	S	Defines an instant messenger handle. * This property was introduced in a separate RFC when the latest vCard version was 3.0. Therefore, 3.0 vCards may use this property, even though it's not part of the 3.0 specifications.	`IMPP:aim:johndoe@aol.com`
`KEY`	S	S	S	The public encryption key associated with the vCard object. It may point to an external URL, may be plain text, or may be embedded in the vCard as a Base64 encoded block of text.	2.1: `KEY;PGP:http://example.com/key.pgp` 2.1: `KEY;PGP;ENCODING=BASE64:[base64-data]` 3.0: `KEY;TYPE=PGP:http://example.com/key.pgp` 3.0: `KEY;TYPE=PGP;ENCODING=b:[base64-data]` 4.0: `KEY;MEDIATYPE=application/pgp-keys:http://example.com/key.pgp` 4.0: `KEY:data:application/pgp-keys;base64,[base64-data]`
`KIND`			S	Defines the type of entity that this vCard represents: 'application', 'individual, 'group', 'location' or 'organization'; 'x-*' values may be used for experimental purposes.^[4]^[5]	`KIND:individual`
`LABEL`	S	S	NS*	Represents the actual text that should be put on the mailing label when delivering a physical package to the person/object associated with the vCard (related to the `ADR` property). * Not supported in version 4.0. Instead, this information is stored in the `LABEL` parameter of the `ADR` property.	`LABEL;TYPE=HOME:123 Main St.\nSpringfield, IL 12345\nUSA`
`LANG`			S	Defines a language that the person speaks.	`LANG:fr-CA`
`LOGO`	S	S	S	An image or graphic of the logo of the organization that is associated with the individual to which the vCard belongs. It may point to an external URL or may be embedded in the vCard as a Base64 encoded block of text.	2.1: `LOGO;PNG:http://example.com/logo.png` 2.1: `LOGO;PNG;ENCODING=BASE64:[base64-data]` 3.0: `LOGO;TYPE=PNG:http://example.com/logo.png` 3.0: `LOGO;TYPE=PNG;ENCODING=b:[base64-data]` 4.0: `LOGO;MEDIATYPE=image/png:http://example.com/logo.png` 4.0: `LOGO:data:image/png;base64,[base64-data]`
`MAILER`	S	S		Type of email program used.	`MAILER:Thunderbird`
`MEMBER`			S	Defines a member that is part of the group that this vCard represents. Acceptable values include: a "mailto:" URL containing an email address a UID which references the member's own vCard The `KIND` property must be set to "group" in order to use this property.	`MEMBER:urn:uuid:03a0e51f-d1aa-4385-8a53-e29025acd8af`
`N`	R	R	S	A structured representation of the name of the person, place or thing associated with the vCard object.	`N:Doe;John;;Dr;`
`NAME`		S		Provides a textual representation of the `SOURCE` property.
`NICKNAME`		S	S	One or more descriptive/familiar names for the object represented by this vCard.	`NICKNAME:Jon,Johnny`
`NOTE`	S	S	S	Specifies supplemental information or a comment that is associated with the vCard.	`NOTE:I am proficient in Tiger-Crane Style,\nand I am more than proficient in the exquisite art of the Samurai sword.`
`ORG`	S	S	S	The name and optionally the unit(s) of the organization associated with the vCard object. This property is based on the X.520 Organization Name attribute and the X.520 Organization Unit attribute.	`ORG:Google;GMail Team;Spam Detection Squad`
`PHOTO`	S	S	S	An image or photograph of the individual associated with the vCard. It may point to an external URL or may be embedded in the vCard as a Base64 encoded block of text.	2.1: `PHOTO;JPEG:http://example.com/photo.jpg` 2.1: `PHOTO;JPEG;ENCODING=BASE64:[base64-data]` 3.0: `PHOTO;TYPE=JPEG:http://example.com/photo.jpg` 3.0: `PHOTO;TYPE=JPEG;ENCODING=b:[base64-data]` 4.0: `PHOTO;MEDIATYPE=image/jpeg:http://example.com/photo.jpg` 4.0: `PHOTO:data:image/jpeg;base64,[base64-data]`
`PRODID`		S	S	The identifier for the product that created the vCard object.	`PRODID:-//ONLINE DIRECTORY//NONSGML Version 1//EN`
`PROFILE`	S	S		States that the vCard is a vCard.	`PROFILE:VCARD`
`RELATED`			S	Another entity that the person is related to. Acceptable values include: a "mailto:" URL containing an email address a UID which references the person's own vCard	`RELATED;TYPE=friend:urn:uuid:03a0e51f-d1aa-4385-8a53-e29025acd8af`
`REV`	S	S	S	A timestamp for the last time the vCard was updated.	`REV:20121201T134211Z`
`ROLE`	S	S	S	The role, occupation, or business category of the vCard object within an organization.	`ROLE:Executive`
`SORT-STRING`	S	S	NS*	Defines a string that should be used when an application sorts this vCard in some way. * Not supported in version 4.0. Instead, this information is stored in the `SORT-AS` parameter of the `N` and/or `ORG` properties.	`SORT-STRING:Doe`
`SOUND`	S	S	S	By default, if this property is not grouped with other properties it specifies the pronunciation of the `FN` property of the vCard object. It may point to an external URL or may be embedded in the vCard as a Base64 encoded block of text.	2.1: `SOUND;OGG:http://example.com/sound.ogg` 2.1: `SOUND;OGG;ENCODING=BASE64:[base64-data]` 3.0: `SOUND;TYPE=OGG:http://example.com/sound.ogg` 3.0: `SOUND;TYPE=OGG;ENCODING=b:[base64-data]` 4.0: `SOUND;MEDIATYPE=audio/ogg:http://example.com/sound.ogg` 4.0: `SOUND:data:audio/ogg;base64,[base64-data]`
`SOURCE`	S	S	S	A URL that can be used to get the latest version of this vCard.	`SOURCE:http://johndoe.com/vcard.vcf`
`TEL`	S	S	S	The canonical number string for a telephone number for telephony communication with the vCard object.	`TEL;TYPE=cell:(123) 555-5832`
`TITLE`	S	S	S	Specifies the job title, functional position or function of the individual associated with the vCard object within an organization.	`TITLE:V.P. Research and Development`
`TZ`	S	S	S	The time zone of the vCard object.	2.1, 3.0: `TZ:-0500` 4.0: `TZ:America/New_York`
`UID`	S	S	S	Specifies a value that represents a persistent, globally unique identifier associated with the object.	`UID:urn:uuid:da418720-3754-4631-a169-db89a02b831b`
`URL`	S	S	S	A URL pointing to a website that represents the person in some way.	`URL:http://www.johndoe.com`
`VERSION`	R	R	R	The version of the vCard specification. In versions 3.0 and 4.0, this must come right after the `BEGIN` property.	`VERSION:3.0`
`XML`			S	Any XML data that is attached to the vCard. This is used if the vCard was encoded in XML (xCard standard) and the XML document contained elements which are not part of the xCard standard.	`XML:<b>Not an xCard XML element</b>`

A handful of separate specifications define additional vCard properties.

Name	Specification	Description	Example
`BIRTHPLACE`	RFC 6474	The location of the individual's birth.	`BIRTHPLACE;VALUE=text:Maida Vale\, London\, England`
`DEATHDATE`	RFC 6474	The individual's time of death.	`DEATHDATE:19540607`
`DEATHPLACE`	RFC 6474	The location of the individual death.	`DEATHPLACE;VALUE=uri:geo:53.328,-2.229409`
`EXPERTISE`	RFC 6715	A professional subject area that the person has knowledge of.	`EXPERTISE;LEVEL=expert:Computer Science`
`HOBBY`	RFC 6715	A recreational activity that the person actively engages in.	`HOBBY;LEVEL=high:knitting`
`IMPP`	RFC 4770	Defines an instant messenger handle. This was added to the official vCard specification in version 4.0.	`IMPP:aim:johndoe@aol.com`
`INTEREST`	RFC 6715	A recreational activity that the person is interested in, but does not necessarily take part in.	`INTEREST;LEVEL=high:baseball`
`ORG-DIRECTORY`	RFC 6715	A URI representing the person's work place, which can be used to lookup information on the person's co-workers.	`ORG-DIRECTORY:http://www.company.com/employees`

vCard extensions

vCard supports private extensions, with an "X-" prefix, a number of which are in common usage.

Some of these include:

Extension	Used As	Data	Semantic
Extensions supported by several different programs.
`X-ABUID`	property	string	Apple Address Book UUID for that entry
`X-ANNIVERSARY`	property	YYYY-MM-DD	arbitrary anniversary (in addition to `BDAY`, birthday)
`X-ASSISTANT`	property	string	assistant name (instead of `AGENT`)
`X-MANAGER`	property	string	manager name
`X-SPOUSE`	property	string	spouse name
`X-GENDER`	property	string	value `Male` or `Female`
`X-AIM`	property	string	Instant Messaging (IM) contact information; `TYPE` parameter as for `TEL`
`X-ICQ`	property	string
`X-GOOGLE-TALK, X-GTALK`	property	string
`X-JABBER`	property	string
`X-MSN`	property	string
`X-YAHOO`	property	string
`X-TWITTER`	property	string
`X-SKYPE`, `X-SKYPE-USERNAME`	property	string
`X-GADUGADU`	property	string
`X-GROUPWISE`	property	string
`X-MS-IMADDRESS`	property	string	IM address in VCF attachment from Outlook (right click Contact, Send Full Contact, Internet Format.)
`X-MS-CARDPICTURE`	property	string	Works as `PHOTO` or `LOGO`. Contains an image of the Card in Outlook.
`X-MS-OL-DESIGN`	property	string	Contains XML used by Outlook describing the layout of the information presented as a business card.^[6]
`X-PHONETIC-FIRST-NAME`, `X-PHONETIC-LAST-NAME`	property	string	alternative spellings, for assisting with the pronunciation of unfamiliar names
Introduced and used by Mozilla; used by Evolution (software)
`X-MOZILLA-HTML`	property	`TRUE`/`FALSE`	mail recipient prefers HTML-formatted email
`X-MOZILLA-PROPERTY`	property	string	Thunderbird specific settings
Introduced and used by Evolution (software)
`X-EVOLUTION-ANNIVERSARY`	property	YYYY-MM-DD	arbitrary anniversary (in addition to `BDAY`, birthday)
`X-EVOLUTION-ASSISTANT`	property	string	assistant name (instead of `Agent`)
`X-EVOLUTION-BLOG-URL`	property	string/URL	blog URL
`X-EVOLUTION-FILE-AS`	property	string	file under different name (in addition to `N`, name components; and `FN`, full name)
`X-EVOLUTION-LIST`	property	`TRUE`/`FALSE`	entry defines a mailing list (e.g. X-EVOLUTION-LIST:TRUE)
`X-EVOLUTION-LIST-SHOW_ADDRESSES`	property	`TRUE`/`FALSE`	sets whether individual addresses will appear in e-mails sent using a mailing list (e.g. X-EVOLUTION-LIST-SHOW_ADDRESSES:FALSE)
`X-EVOLUTION-MANAGER`	property	string	manager name
`X-EVOLUTION-SPOUSE`	property	string	spouse name
`X-EVOLUTION-VIDEO-URL`	property	string/URL	video chat address
`X-EVOLUTION-CALLBACK`	`TEL TYPE` parameter value	-	callback phone number
`X-EVOLUTION-RADIO`	`TEL TYPE` parameter value	-	radio contact information
`X-EVOLUTION-TELEX`	`TEL TYPE` parameter value	-	Telex contact information
`X-EVOLUTION-TTYTDD`	`TEL TYPE` parameter value	-	TTY TDD contact information
Introduced and used by Kontact and KAddressBook
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-BlogFeed`	property	string/URL	blog URL
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-Anniversary`	property	ISO date	arbitrary anniversary, in addition to `BDAY` = birthday
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-AssistantsName`	property	string	assistant name (instead of `Agent`)
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-IMAddress`	property	string	im address
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-ManagersName`	property	string	manager name
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-Office`	property	string	office description
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-Profession`	property	string	profession
`X-KADDRESSBOOK-X-SpouseName`	property	string	spouse name

Note: The Internet media type text/vcard was used incorrectly in some SyncML documents to refer to vCard 3.0, and the example was followed in various implementations.

References

1 2 RFC 6350, section 10.1 "Media Type Registration"
↑ Çelik, Tantek (2015-02-18). "h-card". Retrieved 2015-04-05.
↑ "microformats 2". 2015-03-13. Retrieved 2015-04-05.
↑ "vCard Format Specification: 6.1.4. KIND". IETF. August 2011.
↑ "vCard KIND:application". IETF. December 2011.
↑ "meaning of X-MS-OL-DESIGN;CHARSET=utf-8:". 2011-05-02. Retrieved 2015-04-05.

External links

Internet mail Consortium - Personal Data Interchange
vCard: The Electronic Business Card (Version 2.1) vCard 2.1 specification (Sept-18-1996)
Representing vCard Objects in RDF, W3C Member Submission 20 January 2010
vCard implementations notes and bug reports
vCard proposed errata
RFC 2425 — A MIME Content-Type for Directory Information
RFC 2426 — vCard MIME Directory Profile
RFC 2739 — Calendar Attributes for vCard and LDAP
RFC 4122 — UUID URN namespace (could be used for UID type)
RFC 4770 — vCard Extensions for Instant Messaging
RFC 6350 — vCard Format Specification
RFC 6351 — xCard: vCard XML Representation
RFC 6473 — vCard KIND:application
RFC 6474 — vCard Format Extensions: Place of Birth, Place and Date of Death
RFC 6715 — vCard Format Extensions: Representing vCard Extensions Defined by the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Converged Address Book (CAB) Group
RFC 6868 — Parameter Value Encoding in iCalendar and vCard
RFC 7095 — jCard: The JSON Format for vCard
IETF vCardDAV working group
CSV to vCard contacts file converter
DFDL schemas for vCard

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