VTCN1

V-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 4GOS​
Identifiers
Symbols	VTCN1 ; B7-H4; B7H4; B7S1; B7X; B7h.5; PRO1291; VCTN1
External IDs	OMIM: 608162 MGI: 3039619 HomoloGene: 11627 GeneCards: VTCN1 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • receptor binding Cellular component • external side of plasma membrane • integral component of membrane Biological process • response to protozoan • adaptive immune response • positive regulation of T cell proliferation • negative regulation of T cell activation • interleukin-4 secretion • interferon-gamma secretion • positive regulation of interleukin-2 secretion Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79679	242122
Ensembl	ENSG00000134258	ENSMUSG00000051076
UniProt	Q7Z7D3	Q7TSP5
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001253849	NM_178594
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001240778	NP_848709
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 117.14 – 117.21 Mb	Chr 3: 100.83 – 100.9 Mb
PubMed search

V-set domain-containing T-cell activation inhibitor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VTCN1 gene.^[1][2][3]

B7H4 belongs to the B7 family (see CD80; MIM 112203) of costimulatory proteins. These proteins are expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells and interact with ligands (e.g., CD28; MIM 186760) on T lymphocytes.[supplied by OMIM]^[3]

B7-H4 is an immune checkpoint molecule.

See also

• B7 (protein)

References

1. Sica GL, Choi IH, Zhu G, Tamada K, Wang SD, Tamura H, Chapoval AI, Flies DB, Bajorath J, Chen L (Jun 2003). "B7-H4, a molecule of the B7 family, negatively regulates T cell immunity". Immunity 18 (6): 849–61. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00152-3. PMID 12818165.
2. Prasad DV, Richards S, Mai XM, Dong C (Jun 2003). "B7S1, a novel B7 family member that negatively regulates T cell activation". Immunity 18 (6): 863–73. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(03)00147-X. PMID 12818166.
3. "Entrez Gene: VTCN1 V-set domain containing T cell activation inhibitor 1".

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Watanabe N, Gavrieli M, Sedy JR, et al. (2003). "BTLA is a lymphocyte inhibitory receptor with similarities to CTLA-4 and PD-1.". Nat. Immunol. 4 (7): 670–9. doi:10.1038/ni944. PMID 12796776.
• Zang X, Loke P, Kim J, et al. (2003). "B7x: a widely expressed B7 family member that inhibits T cell activation.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (18): 10388–92. doi:10.1073/pnas.1434299100. PMC 193571. PMID 12920180.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
• Choi IH, Zhu G, Sica GL, et al. (2004). "Genomic organization and expression analysis of B7-H4, an immune inhibitory molecule of the B7 family.". J. Immunol. 171 (9): 4650–4. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.9.4650. PMID 14568939.
• Brandenberger R, Wei H, Zhang S, et al. (2005). "Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation.". Nat. Biotechnol. 22 (6): 707–16. doi:10.1038/nbt971. PMID 15146197.
• Salceda S, Tang T, Kmet M, et al. (2005). "The immunomodulatory protein B7-H4 is overexpressed in breast and ovarian cancers and promotes epithelial cell transformation.". Exp. Cell Res. 306 (1): 128–41. doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.01.018. PMID 15878339.
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes.". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Kryczek I, Zou L, Rodriguez P, et al. (2006). "B7-H4 expression identifies a novel suppressive macrophage population in human ovarian carcinoma.". J. Exp. Med. 203 (4): 871–81. doi:10.1084/jem.20050930. PMC 2118300. PMID 16606666.
• Kryczek I, Wei S, Zou L, et al. (2006). "Cutting edge: induction of B7-H4 on APCs through IL-10: novel suppressive mode for regulatory T cells.". J. Immunol. 177 (1): 40–4. PMID 16785496.
• Krambeck AE, Thompson RH, Dong H, et al. (2006). "B7-H4 expression in renal cell carcinoma and tumor vasculature: associations with cancer progression and survival.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103 (27): 10391–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.0600937103. PMC 1502468. PMID 16798883.
• Chen Y, Yang C, Xie Z, et al. (2007). "Expression of the novel co-stimulatory molecule B7-H4 by renal tubular epithelial cells.". Kidney Int. 70 (12): 2092–9. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5001867. PMID 17051145.
• Simon I, Katsaros D, Rigault de la Longrais I, et al. (2007). "B7-H4 is over-expressed in early-stage ovarian cancer and is independent of CA125 expression.". Gynecol. Oncol. 106 (2): 334–41. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.03.035. PMID 17498784.
• Miyatake T, Tringler B, Liu W, et al. (2007). "B7-H4 (DD-O110) is overexpressed in high risk uterine endometrioid adenocarcinomas and inversely correlated with tumor T-cell infiltration.". Gynecol. Oncol. 106 (1): 119–27. doi:10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.03.039. PMID 17509674.