VT tank

Versuchsträger 1-2

The VT 1-2 tank
Type Tank destroyer
Place of origin West Germany
Production history
Designer MaK[1]
Designed 1970s
Manufacturer MaK
Produced 1974 and 1975 (VT 1-1 and VT 1-2)
Number built 2 VTs and 5 GVTs
Variants VT 1-1, VT 1-2, GVTs
Specifications
Weight 43.5 tonnes (42.8 long tons; 48.0 short tons)
Length 9.06 m
Width 3.54 m
Height 2.04 m
Crew 3 (commander, driver, gunner)
Main
armament
 2 x 105 mm guns
or
2 x Rh 120 guns
Engine MTU MB803 Ra-500
1,500 PS (sustained )
2,400 PS (short time)[2]
Power/weight 34.5 PS/t(sustained)
55 PS/t (short time)
Suspension hydropneumatic
Speed 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph)
40 kilometres per hour (25 mph) offroad
VT 1-2 front
GVT 04

The Versuchsträger 1-2 (abbreviated: VT, meaning "test-beds" or "experiment carrier") were two German prototype twin gun turretless main battle tanks, much like the earlier World War II Jagdpanzer designs. Since the early 1970s a number of West German companies have been working on conceptual designs for a successor to the Leopard 1. This project had the name Kampfpanzer 3 (KPz 3). The KPz 3 project was temporarily a British-German joint project, until the UK withdrew because they wanted a turreted tank.[3] The Germans had already developed the Leopard 2 and therefore didn't see the need for another conventional tank.[3] One of the companies involved was MaK, developing the VT 1-1 and VT 1-2. The test programme ended proving that a twin-gunned turretless tank could be created with enough technical effort, but had drawbacks in both practical and tactical use.[4]

History

The first VT tank, VT 1-1, was built in 1974 by Maschinenbau Kiel (MaK). One year later they produced the second VT tank, the VT 1-2. For further testing of the mobility and the concept of a tank with two main guns, five Gefechtsfeldversuchträger (GVT, "battlefield test-beds") were designed and built in 1975 and 1976.[5]

Design

The VT 1-1 was based on the shortened chassis of the cancelled MBT-70 tank. Since the tank had no autoloaders, a crew of four was needed to operate it. All VT tanks followed in some extent the traditional design of German Jagdpanzers like the post war Kanonenjagdpanzer. The VT 1-2 featured a turbocharged engine, which was capable of 1,500 PS sustained and 2,400 PS for short periods of time. The tank had a three-man crew seated at the front, with driver between commander and gunner. A comparison with the Leopard 2 was held, which proved that the VT 1-2 tank wouldn't have any significant advantages over the Leopard 2. The engine of the Leopard 2 wasn't defining the concept and could therefore be replaced by the more powerful 12-cylinder engine of the VT 1-2 if required.[2] The Leopard 2 also had a high first round hit probability, due to its advanced fire control system, which corresponds to or even surpass the calculated first round hit probability of the twin guns.[2]

The VT tanks were designed to:[4]

The VT 1-1 was armed with two 105 mm rifled guns, which were loaded manually. The VT 1-2 carried two 120 mm smoothbore guns equipped with 6-round automatic loaders. The GVTs were not fitted with guns, instead they mounted two gun simulators. For combat simulations they used Talissi laser fire simulators. The propellant gases were created with a 20 mm cannon mounted on the roof.[5]

Variants

See also

References

Notes
  1. ↑ VT 1-2 on waffenhq.de
  2. 1 2 3 Krapke, p.25
  3. 1 2 Hilmes, Rolf. "Modern German Tank Development, 1956-2000". ARMOR — January–February 2001.
  4. 1 2 Bundesamt für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung
  5. 1 2 Sign in the Panzermuseum Munster
Bibliography
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