Valdemar, King of Sweden

Valdemar
King Valdemar in Skara Cathedral
King of Sweden
Reign	1250-1275
Predecessor	Erik XI
Successor	Magnus III
Born	1239
Died	26 December 1302 (aged 62–63)
Spouse	Sofia of Denmark
Issue	Ingeborg, Countess of Holstein Erik Valdemarsson of Sweden Marina, Countess of Diepholz Richeza, Queen of Poland Katarina Valdemarsdotter of Sweden Margareta Valdemarsdotter of Sweden
House	House of Bjelbo
Father	Birger Jarl
Mother	Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Valdemar (English: Waldemar; Swedish: Valdemar Birgersson; 1239 – 26 December 1302), was King of Sweden from 1250–1275.

Biography

Valdemar was the son of Princess Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden and Birger Jarl, from the House of Bjelbo. During the first sixteen years of his reign, it was Birger Jarl who was the real ruler. Birger Jarl had in fact been the de facto ruler of Sweden from 1248, before the reign of Valdemar, under King Eric XI of Sweden. Valdemar's mother was a daughter of King Eric X of Sweden and Princess Richeza of Denmark.

When King Eric XI died in 1250, Valdemar was elected king. Even after the coming of age of Valdemar in 1257, Birger Jarl held a grip over the country. After Birger's death in 1266 Valdemar came into conflict with his younger brother Magnus Birgersson, Duke of Södermanland, who wanted the throne for himself.

In 1260, Valdemar married Sofia of Denmark the eldest daughter of King Eric IV of Denmark and Jutta of Saxony. Valdemar also had a relationship with his sister-in-law Jutta of Denmark. In 1272, Jutta visited Sweden and became Valdemar's mistress. The affair resulted in a child born in 1273. The following year, Jutta was placed in a convent and Valdemar was forced to make a pilgrimage to Rome to ask for the absolution of the Pope.

Valdemar was deposed by his younger brother, Magnus after the Battle of Hova in Tiveden June 14, 1275. Magnus was supported by his brother, Eric Birgersson, Duke of Småland and King Eric V of Denmark who provided Danish soldiers. Magnus was elected King Magnus III of Sweden at the Stones of Mora.

In 1277, Sophia separated from her spouse and returned to Denmark. In 1277, Valdemar managed to regain provinces in Gothenland in the southern part of the kingdom and was called the Duke of Götaland. However, Magnus regained them about 1278. In 1288 Valdemar was imprisoned by King Magnus in Nyköping Castle (Nyköpingshus) and lived openly with mistresses in his comfortable prison.

Family

Valdemar married Sofia of Denmark (died 1286) in 1260 and they separated in 1277. They had six children:

1. Ingeborg Valdemarsdotter of Sweden, Countess of Holstein; spouse of Gerhard II, Count of Holstein-Plön.
2. Erik Valdemarsson of Sweden (1272–1330)
3. Marina Valdemarsdotter of Sweden; spouse of Rudolf, Count of Diepholz
4. Richeza Valdemarsdotter of Sweden (died c. 1292); spouse of Przemysł II of Poland
5. Katarina Valdemarsdotter of Sweden (died 1283)
6. Margareta Valdemarsdotter of Sweden, a nun.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Valdemar, King of Sweden

16. Folke the fat               8. Bengt Snivil                       17. Ingegerd Knudsdotter of Denmark               4. Magnus Minniskiöld                             2. Birger jarl                                   20. Sverker I of Sweden               10. Sune Sik                       21. Richeza of Poland               5. Ingrid Ylva                             1. Valdemar of Sweden                                         24. Eric IX of Sweden               12. Canute I of Sweden                       25. Christina Björnsdotter               6. Eric X of Sweden                             13. Cecilia Johansdotter of Sweden                       3. Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden                                   28. Canute Lavard               14. Valdemar I of Denmark                       29. Ingeborg of Kiev               7. Richeza of Denmark                             30. Volodar, Prince of Minsk and Hrodno               15. Sofia of Minsk                       31. Richeza of Poland (= 21)

Sources

• Adolfsson, Mats När borgarna brann - svenska uppror (Stockholm: Natur och kultur, 2007)
• Larsson, Mats G. Götarnas Riken : Upptäcktsfärder Till Sveriges Enande (Bokförlaget Atlantis AB. 2002) ISBN 978-91-7486-641-4
• Kyhlberg, Ola Gånget ut min hand (Riddarholmskyrkans stiftargravar Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademien, Stockholm: 1997)
• Schück, Herman Kyrka och rike - från folkungatid till vasatid (Stockholm: 2005)