Vancouver municipal election, 2014
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The 2014 Vancouver municipal election took place on November 15, 2014, the same day as other municipalities and regional districts in British Columbia selected their new municipal governments. As with previous elections, voters elected one mayor, 10 councillors, nine school board trustees, and seven park board commissioners. Voters also voted on whether to approve a capital budget.
Outcome
Incumbent Mayor Gregor Robertson sought re-election with the Vision Vancouver Party,[1] which swept the 2011 election when it elected him and all of the party's city council, park board and school board candidates. In this election, Robertson was re-elected as mayor; however, Vision representation decreased with only six councillors, four school trustees, and one park board commissioner elected. In total, ten Vision candidates were not elected, including five incumbent candidates: one councillor, three school trustees, and one park board commissioner.
The Non-Partisan Association (NPA) came into the election as the second largest party in Vancouver, with two city councillors, two park board commissioners, and one school trustee. Their mayoral candidate was journalist Kirk LaPointe who lost to Robertson in the mayoral race by 10,086 votes. The NPA team gained ground electing three councillors, four park board commissioners, and four school trustees.
The Vancouver Green Party sought to improve on its 2011 results which saw the first-ever Green Party city councillor, Adriane Carr, elected. Carr was re-elected as councillor and was actually the councillor elected with the most votes at 74,077. Additionally, two park commissioners and one school board trustee were elected, giving the Green Party of Vancouver its best result in the history of Vancouver municipal elections.
The Coalition of Progressive Electors, which officially cut ties with former ally Vision Vancouver in 2012, lost its only elected official when school trustee Allan Wong switched from COPE to Vision Vancouver on December 8, 2013, ending decades of COPE representation in the city. COPE contested this election with its first mayoral candidate since 2002, community organizer and former NDP candidate Meena Wong. The party also had candidates for every council seat.[2] Wong placed third in the mayoral race, and no COPE candidates were elected.
New Party Vancouver 1st ran a slate of candidates for all offices. These included Olympic bronze medal winning swimmer Brent Hayden as a park board commissioner candidate, and two incumbent school board trustees Ken Denike, and Sophia Woo, who had been expelled from the NPA in June. However, no candidates from Vancouver 1st were elected.
Nominations for the 2014 vote opened on September 30, 2014 and closed on October 10, 2014.[3] Vancouver uses an at-large election system for all elected positions; the ten candidates with most city-wide votes are elected as councillors.[4]
Just before 8:00 P.M. on election day, voting hours were extended by 45 minutes, at four locations, because of ballot shortages earlier in the day due to high voter turnout.[5]
Political parties
This is a list of political parties who are running candidates in the 2014 election:
Party | Leader | Political Position | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vision Vancouver | Gregor Robertson | Centre-left | Vision Vancouver's leadership review on May 4, 2014 resulted in the nomination of incumbent candidates who ran for re-election for the offices they had held, including Mayor Gregor Robertson who had a 99% approval rating from members.
On June 22, 2014, Vision Vancouver held a nomination meeting for candidates to fill one school trustee and four park commissioner seats.[6] Two park board candidates dropped out of the race, but a full slate of candidates was announced on September 10, 2014.[7] | |
Non-Partisan Association | Kirk LaPointe | Centre-right | NPA announced on July 14, 2014, that the party's mayoral candidate would be journalist Kirk LaPointe.[8] | |
Green Party of Vancouver | Adriane Carr (de facto) | Centre-left | On March 31, 2014 the Green Party of Vancouver announced its candidates for City Council, school board and parks board.[9] | |
Coalition of Progressive Electors | Meena Wong | Left | COPE announced its candidates following an open Nominations Conference on September 7, 2014. One council candidate and an additional parks candidate were ratified by the party's Indigenous Equity Caucus at a later date.[10] | |
Cedar Party | Glen Chernen | The Vancouver Cedar Party, launched in November 2012, believed in strong community roots[11] | ||
Hotel Workers United – Local 40 | Ferdinad Ramos | |||
Independent Democratic Electors Alliance | Jamie Lee Hamilton | |||
OneCity Vancouver | RJ Aquino | OneCity was a new Vancouver political party launched in May 2014 with the intention of fielding candidates for the November 2014 Municipal Election.[12] | ||
Public Education Project | Jane Bouey | The Public Education Project believed public education is a cornerstone of a democratic society. They wanted education, and the well-being of children and youth, to be given priority attention in the election.[13] | ||
Stop Party | Meynard Aubichon | |||
Vancouver 1st | Jesse Johl | Vancouver 1st was committed to bringing accountable, democratic and transparent government. Vancouver 1st was relying on grassroots support.[14] |
Candidates and results
The nomination period officially opened on September 30, 2014 and closed on October 10, 2014.[15]
(I) denotes incumbents.
Mayor
Ten candidates sought election to the position of mayor; four were affiliated with a political party and six were independents. Incumbent mayor Gregor Robertson of Vision Vancouver was re-elected for a third straight term.
Candidate Name | Party affiliation | Votes | % of votes | Elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(I) Robertson, GregorGregor Robertson | Vision Vancouver | 83,529 | 45.97% | X | |
LaPointe, KirkKirk LaPointe | Non-Partisan Association | 73,443 | 40.42% | ||
Wong, MeenaMeena Wong | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 16,791 | 9.24% | ||
Kasting, BobBob Kasting | Independent | 1,682 | 0.93% | ||
Hansen, MikeMike Hansen | Independent | 714 | 0.39% | ||
Hill, JeffJeff Hill | Independent | 611 | 0.34% | ||
Ly, TimTim Ly | Independent | 556 | 0.31% | ||
Aubichon, MeynardMeynard Aubichon | Stop Party | 508 | 0.28% | ||
Kaiser, Cherryse KaurCherryse Kaur Kaiser | Independent | 492 | 0.27% | ||
Shandler, ColinColin Shandler | Independent | 459 | 0.25% |
City Councillors
Ten councillors were elected from these forty-nine candidates. Of them, thirty-nine were affiliated with a political party; ten were independent. All ten incumbent councillors sought re-election: seven from Vision Vancouver, two from NPA, and one from the Green Party. NPA candidate Melissa De Genova and Vision candidate Niki Sharma were both sitting Park Commissioners from their respective parties. Of the ten elected councillors, six were from Vision, three were from NPA, and one from the Green Party.
Candidate Name | Party Affiliation | Votes | % of Votes | Elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(I) Carr, AdrianeAdriane Carr | Green Party of Vancouver | 74,077 | 40.77% | X | |
(I) Affleck, GeorgeGeorge Affleck | Non-Partisan Association | 68,419 | 37.65% | X | |
(I) Ball, ElizabethElizabeth Ball | Non-Partisan Association | 67,195 | 36.98% | X | |
De Genova, MelissaMelissa De Genova | Non-Partisan Association | 63,134 | 34.74% | X | |
(I) Deal, HeatherHeather Deal | Vision Vancouver | 62,698 | 34.51% | X | |
(I) Jang, KerryKerry Jang | Vision Vancouver | 62,595 | 34.45% | X | |
(I) Reimer, AndreaAndrea Reimer | Vision Vancouver | 62,316 | 34.29% | X | |
(I) Louie, RaymondRaymond Louie | Vision Vancouver | 61,903 | 34.07% | X | |
(I) Stevenson, TimTim Stevenson | Vision Vancouver | 57,640 | 31.72% | X | |
(I) Meggs, GeoffGeoff Meggs | Vision Vancouver | 56,831 | 31.28% | X | |
Robertson, IanIan Robertson | Non-Partisan Association | 56,319 | 30.99% | ||
Baker, GregoryGregory Baker | Non-Partisan Association | 55,721 | 30.67% | ||
Scott, SuzanneSuzanne Scott | Non-Partisan Association | 55,486 | 30.54% | ||
Low, KenKen Low | Non-Partisan Association | 54,971 | 30.25% | ||
McDowell, RobRob McDowell | Non-Partisan Association | 53,596 | 29.50% | ||
(I) Tang, TonyTony Tang | Vision Vancouver | 49,414 | 27.19% | ||
Sharma, NikiNiki Sharma | Vision Vancouver | 48,987 | 26.96% | ||
Brown, CletaCleta Brown | Green Party of Vancouver | 47,564 | 26.18% | ||
Fry, PetePete Fry | Green Party of Vancouver | 46,522 | 25.60% | ||
Barrett, LisaLisa Barrett | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 35,234 | 19.39% | ||
Louis, TimTim Louis | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 31,650 | 17.42% | ||
Aquino, RJRJ Aquino | OneCity Vancouver | 30,050 | 16.54% | ||
Gavin, GayleGayle Gavin | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 25,547 | 14.06% | ||
O'Keefee, JenniferJennifer O'Keefee | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 23,121 | 12.72% | ||
Chow Tan, SidSid Chow Tan | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 20,948 | 11.53% | ||
Siegl, Audrey "sχɬemtəna:t"Audrey "sχɬemtəna:t" Siegl | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 19,258 | 10.60% | ||
Higgins, KeithKeith Higgins | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 18,219 | 10.02% | ||
Wong, MercedesMercedes Wong | Vancouver 1st | 17,493 | 9.62% | ||
Munoz, WilsonWilson Munoz | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 13,756 | 7.57% | ||
Chernen, GlenGlen Chernen | Cedar Party | 9,577 | 5.27% | ||
Fuoco, FedericoFederico Fuoco | Vancouver 1st | 9,041 | 4.98% | ||
Chernen, NicholasNicholas Chernen | Cedar Party | 8,724 | 4.80% | ||
Ling, LenaLena Ling | Independent | 8,197 | 4.51% | ||
Ramos, FerdinadFerdinad Ramos | Hotel Workers United – Local 40 | 7,986 | 4.39% | ||
Johl, JesseJesse Johl | Vancouver 1st | 7,953 | 4.38% | ||
Gunn, CharleneCharlene Gunn | Cedar Party | 6,512 | 3.58% | ||
Murgoci, ElenaElena Murgoci | Vancouver 1st | 6,140 | 3.38% | ||
Angus, DavidDavid Angus | Independent | 5,895 | 3.24% | ||
Gustafson, JeremyJeremy Gustafson | Cedar Party | 5,098 | 2.81% | ||
Fraser, GrantGrant Fraser | Independent | 5,096 | 2.80% | ||
Kljajic, MilanMilan Kljajic | Vancouver 1st | 4,881 | 2.69% | ||
Guitar, AnthonyAnthony Guitar | Independent | 4,375 | 2.41% | ||
Alm, KellyKelly Alm | Independent | 4,038 | 2.22% | ||
Orser, RickRick Orser | Independent Democratic Electors Alliance | 3,548 | 1.95% | ||
Boyer, MarcMarc Boyer | Independent | 3,329 | 1.83% | ||
Pandey, RajivRajiv Pandey | Independent | 3,229 | 1.78% | ||
Copeland, Cord TedCord Ted Copeland | Independent | 3,202 | 1.76% | ||
Deocera, AbrahamAbraham Deocera | Independent | 3,160 | 1.74% | ||
Skalicky, LudvikLudvik Skalicky | Independent | 1,797 | 0.99% |
Park Commissioners
Seven commissioners were elected from these thirty-one candidates. Of them, twenty-five were affiliated with a political party; six were independent. Two incumbent commissioners sought re-election: one from Vision Vancouver and one from the NPA. Of the elected commissioners, four were from NPA, two were from the Green Party, and one from Vision Vancouver.
Candidate Name | Party Affiliation | Votes | % of Votes | Elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Evans, CatherineCatherine Evans | Vision Vancouver | 64,707 | 35.61% | X | |
(I) Coupar, JohnJohn Coupar | Non-Partisan Association | 62,970 | 34.65% | X | |
Crawford, CaseyCasey Crawford | Non-Partisan Association | 59,882 | 32.96% | X | |
Kirby-Yung, SarahSarah Kirby-Yung | Non-Partisan Association | 56,828 | 31.27% | X | |
Shum, ErinErin Shum | Non-Partisan Association | 56,762 | 31.24% | X | |
Mackinnon, StuartStuart Mackinnon | Green Party of Vancouver | 56,406 | 31.04% | X | |
Wiebe, MichaelMichael Wiebe | Green Party of Vancouver | 55,607 | 30.60% | X | |
Granby, BrentBrent Granby | Vision Vancouver | 54,215 | 29.84% | ||
(I) Loke, TrevorTrevor Loke | Vision Vancouver | 54,199 | 29.83% | ||
Girn, NaveenNaveen Girn | Vision Vancouver | 51,659 | 28.43% | ||
Jagpal, JayJay Jagpal | Non-Partisan Association | 48,909 | 26.92% | ||
Tull, CoreeCoree Tull | Vision Vancouver | 46,672 | 25.69% | ||
Mouttet, StéphaneStéphane Mouttet | Non-Partisan Association | 46,337 | 25.50% | ||
Rumbaua, Sammie JoSammie Jo Rumbaua | Vision Vancouver | 42,863 | 23.59% | ||
Romaniuk, AnitaAnita Romaniuk | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 33,690 | 18.54% | ||
Bloom, EzraEzra Bloom | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 28,217 | 15.53% | ||
Wyss, CeaseCease Wyss | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 21,249 | 11.69% | ||
Jamal, UroobaUrooba Jamal | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 18,722 | 10.30% | ||
Wong, RichardRichard Wong | Vancouver 1st | 18,655 | 10.27% | ||
Popat, ImtiazImtiaz Popat | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 17,023 | 9.37% | ||
Hayden, BrentBrent Hayden | Vancouver 1st | 15,599 | 8.86% | ||
Hamilton, Jamie LeeJamie Lee Hamilton | Independent Democratic Electors Alliance | 14,471 | 7.96% | ||
De Castris, JennyJenny De Castris | Independent | 10,672 | 5.87% | ||
Rossetti, MassimoMassimo Rossetti | Vancouver 1st | 9,729 | 5.35% | ||
Johl, YogiYogi Johl | Vancouver 1st | 9,100 | 5.01% | ||
Hadley, EleanorEleanor Hadley | Independent | 8,072 | 4.44% | ||
Clarke, RolandRoland Clarke | Independent | 7,545 | 4.15% | ||
Sunshine, EarlEarl Sunshine | Independent | 6,308 | 3.47% | ||
Starink, DougDoug Starink | Vancouver 1st | 6,275 | 3.45% | ||
Buckshon, JamesJames Buckshon | Independent | 5,591 | 3.08% | ||
Kadioglu, MattMatt Kadioglu | Independent | 2,719 | 1.50% |
School Trustees
Nine school trustees were elected out of these twenty-eight candidates. Of them, twenty-three are affiliated with a political party, and five are independent. All nine incumbent trustees sought re-election: six from Vision Vancouver (including Allan Wong, who was elected in 2011 as part of Coalition of Progressive Electors|COPE, but crossed the floor to Vision Vancouver in 2013),[16] one from NPA, and two ex-NPA trustees: Ken Denike, and Sophia Woo, who are running for new party Vancouver 1st after being expelled by the NPA in June 2014.[17] Vision and NPA each had four candidates elected, while the Green Party had one.
Candidate Name | Party Affiliation | Votes | % of Votes | Elected | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(I) Bacchus, PattiPatti Bacchus | Vision Vancouver | 73,551 | 40.48% | X | |
Alexander, JoyJoy Alexander | Vision Vancouver | 68,264 | 37.57% | X | |
(I) Ballantyne, FraserFraser Ballantyne | Non-Partisan Association | 65,659 | 36.13% | X | |
(I) Wong, AllanAllan Wong | Vision Vancouver | 65,342 | 35.97% | X | |
(I) Lombardi, MikeMike Lombardi | Vision Vancouver | 61,523 | 33.86% | X | |
Noble, PennyPenny Noble | Non-Partisan Association | 60,964 | 33.55% | X | |
Fraser, JanetJanet Fraser | Green Party of Vancouver | 59,218 | 32.59% | X | |
Robertson, StacyStacy Robertson | Non-Partisan Association | 58,314 | 32.09% | X | |
Richardson, ChristopherChristopher Richardson | Non-Partisan Association | 58,081 | 31.96% | X | |
(I) Clement, KenKen Clement | Vision Vancouver | 57,826 | 31.82% | ||
(I) Payne, CherieCherie Payne | Vision Vancouver | 55,652 | 30.63% | ||
Sharma, SandySandy Sharma | Non-Partisan Association | 54,063 | 29.75% | ||
(I) Wynen, RobRob Wynen | Vision Vancouver | 52,288 | 28.78% | ||
Oak, MischaMischa Oak | Green Party of Vancouver | 48,539 | 26.71% | ||
Bouey, JaneJane Bouey | Public Education Project | 41,757 | 22.99% | ||
Day, DianaDiana Day | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 39,068 | 21.50% | ||
Giesbrecht, GwenGwen Giesbrecht | Public Education Project | 35,064 | 19.30% | ||
(I) Woo, SophiaSophia Woo | Vancouver 1st | 35,011 | 19.27% | ||
(I) Denike, KenKen Denike | Vancouver 1st | 31,545 | 17.36% | ||
Shecter, IlanaIlana Shecter | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 25,538 | 14.05% | ||
Fraatz, RalphRalph Fraatz | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 23,077 | 12.70% | ||
Nagtegaal, HeidiHeidi Nagtegaal | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 22,126 | 12.18% | ||
Kombii, NanjalahNanjalah Kombii | Coalition of Progressive Electors | 20,703 | 11.39% | ||
Bhatha, SusanSusan Bhatha | Vancouver 1st | 16,345 | 9.00% | ||
Dodds, T "Mrs. Doubtfire"T "Mrs. Doubtfire" Dodds | Independent | 9,067 | 4.99% | ||
Nguyen, BangBang Nguyen | Independent | 9,025 | 4.97% | ||
Falls, LarryLarry Falls | Independent | 8,890 | 4.89% | ||
Gupta, RajRaj Gupta | Independent | 8,281 | 4.56% | ||
Jivraj, AminAmin Jivraj | Independent | 4,555 | 2.51% |
Capital Plan Questions
The proposed budget for 2015-2018 was $1.085 billion, of which $235 million would be borrowed, requiring electoral approval.[18]
Voters were asked the following:
1. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 to borrow an aggregate $58,200,000 for the following purposes?
- Parks at $17,950,000
- Recreational and exhibition facilities at $40,250,000
Option | Votes | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Yes | 108,382 | 66.88% |
No | 53,692 | 33.12% |
Total Votes | 162,074 | 100% |
2. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 to borrow an aggregate $95,700,000 for the following purposes?
- Public safety facilities at $22,250,000
- Street and bridge infrastructure at $56,450,000
- Street lighting, traffic signals, and communications systems at $17,000,000
Option | Votes | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Yes | 128,287 | 74.42% |
No | 44,088 | 25.58% |
Total Votes | 172,375 | 100% |
3. Are you in favour of Council having the authority, without further assent of the electors, to pass bylaws between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 to borrow an aggregate $81,100,000 for the following purposes?
- Community facilities at $59,750,000
- Civic facilities and infrastructure at $21,350,000
Option | Votes | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Yes | 110,378 | 68.13% |
No | 51,628 | 31.87% |
Total Votes | 162,006 | 100% |
Voter and party statistics
Voter turnout
Of the 411,741 registered voters, there were 181,707 recorded ballots, putting the voter turnout at 44.13%.[19] This is an increase from the 34.57% turnout during the previous municipal election in 2011.
Elected percentage by party
Party | Mayor | Councillors | Park Commissioners | School Trustees | Total candidates | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# Elected | % Elected | # Elected | % Elected | # Elected | % Elected | # Elected | % Elected | # Elected | % Elected | ||
Green Party of Vancouver | NIL | N/A | 1/3 | 33.3% | 2/2 | 100.0% | 1/2 | 50.0% | 4/7 | 57.1% | |
Non-Partisan Association | 0/1 | 0.0% | 3/8 | 37.5% | 4/6 | 66.7% | 4/5 | 80.0% | 11/20 | 55.0% | |
Vision Vancouver | 1/1 | 100.0% | 6/8 | 75.0% | 1/6 | 16.7% | 4/7 | 57.1% | 12/22 | 54.5% | |
Coalition of Progressive Electors | 0/1 | 0.0% | 0/8 | 0.0% | 0/5 | 0.0% | 0/5 | 0.0% | 0/19 | 0.0% | |
Vancouver 1st | NIL | N/A | 0/5 | 0.0% | 0/5 | 0.0% | 0/3 | 0.0% | 0/13 | 0.0% | |
Cedar Party | NIL | N/A | 0/4 | 0.0% | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | 0/4 | 0.0% | |
Independent Democratic Electoral Alliance | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | 0/1 | 0.0% | NIL | N/A | 0/2 | 0.0% | |
Public Education Project | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | 0/2 | 0.0% | 0/2 | 0.0% | |
Stop Party | 0/1 | 0.0% | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | |
OneCity Vancouver | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | |
Hotel Workers United – Local 40 | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | NIL | N/A | NIL | N/A | 0/1 | 0.0% | |
Independent | 0/6 | 0.0% | 0/10 | 0.0% | 0/6 | 0.0% | 0/5 | 0.0% | 0/27 | 0.0% |
Seat changes by party
Party | Mayor & Councillors | Park Commissioners | School Trustees | Total elected | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2011 | 2014 | % Change | % Seats | 2011 | 2014 | % Change | % Seats | 2011 | 2014 | % Change | % Seats | 2011 | 2014 | % Change | % Seats | ||
Vision Vancouver | 8 | 7 | -12.50% | 63.64% | 5 | 1 | -80.00% | 14.29% | 5 | 4 | -20.00% | 44.44% | 18 | 12 | -33.33% | 44.44% | |
Non-Partisan Association | 2 | 3 | +50.00% | 27.27% | 2 | 4 | +100.00% | 57.14% | 3 | 4 | +33.33% | 44.44% | 7 | 11 | +57.14% | 40.74% | |
Green Party of Vancouver | 1 | 1 | ±0.00% | 9.09% | 0 | 2 | N/A | 28.57% | 0 | 1 | N/A | 11.11% | 1 | 4 | +300.00% | 14.81% | |
Coalition of Progressive Electors | 0 | 0 | ±0.00% | 0.00% | 0 | 0 | ±0.00% | 0.00% | 1 | 0 | -100.00% | 0.00% | 1 | 0 | -100.00% | 0.00% |
References
- ↑ "Vision Vancouver Mayor Gregor Robertson makes election plans official". Vancouver Sun. April 3, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
- ↑ "COPE slate for Vancouver election includes Meena Wong, eight council candidates". Metro. September 7, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2014.
- ↑ City of Vancouver, "Run for office in Vancouver," vancouver.ca, Modified July 18, 2014.
- ↑ BC Local Government Act
- ↑ City of Vancouver website:"Voting hours extended at 4 out of 117 voting locations"
- ↑ "Building the team". Vision Vancouver. February 26, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
- ↑ "Experienced forward-looking Vision Vancouver team strengthened by two new candidates". Vision Vancouver. September 10, 2014. Retrieved October 15, 2014.
- ↑ "Vancouver mayoral race to include former media executive". Globe and Mail. July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
- ↑ "Green Party of Vancouver announces Council nominees". Vancouver Green Party. March 31, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
- ↑ " Georgia Straight, September 7, 2014.
- ↑ "About the Cedar Party". Retrieved 5 September 2014.
- ↑ "OneCity Launches". onecityvancouver.ca. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
- ↑
- ↑ http://www.vancouver1st.com/default.aspx#.VD6w6fldWSo
- ↑ "Run for office - City of Vancouver". Vancouver. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ↑ Smith, Charlie (December 8, 2013). "Veteran school trustee Allan Wong crosses the floor from COPE to Vision Vancouver". Georgia Straight. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ↑ O'Connor, Cheryl (August 14, 2014). "Ken Denike and Sophia Woo to run under Vancouver First". Vancouver Courier. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
- ↑ City of Vancouver Capital Plan
- ↑ Vancouver Municipal Elections 2014 etails CivicInfo BC. Retrieved 2014-11-17