Vera Oelschlegel

Vera Oelschlegel
Vera Oelschlegel Katja Rehfeld, Berlin, 1980
Born	Vera Franziska Oelschlegel 5 July 1938 Leipzig, Germany
Occupation	Chansonier Actress Theatre Director Drama director
Spouse(s)	1. Günther Rücker (1924-2008) 2. Hermann Kant 3. Konrad Naumann (1928-1992)
Children	Nina Rücker (journalist & photographer)
Parent(s)	Gottfried Oelschlegel (1910–1945) Ruth Oelschlegel (born Ruth Lauterbach, 1914–2014)

Vera Oelschlegel (born 5 July 1938) has worked as a German singer, actress, film director, drama director and professor of drama at the Ernst Busch Academy of Dramatic Arts. She was a celebrity in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) before 1989.^[1] After that, from 1990 till 2013, she headed up the Theater des Ostens touring theatre company.^[2]

Life

Vera Franziska Oelschlegel was born in Leipzig. Her mother, Ruth Oelschlegel (born Ruth Lauterbach, 1914–2014), was trained as a journalist. Her father, the businessman Gottfried Oelschlegel (1910-1945), would be killed in the war. She attended the prestigious St. Thomas School in Leipzig, passing her school final exams (Abitur) in 1957.^[3] After that she studied between 1957 and 1960 at the acting faculty of the Babelsberg Film Academy, from which she emerged with a degree,^[4] and where she also served as the secretary for the faculty's Free German Youth section.^[2]

Between 1958 and 1961 she worked at the Putbus Theatre on the Island of Rügen on the country's north-east coast. Her first radio experience had involved women's broadcasts with Radio Leipzig, and in 1961 she became a member of the DFF ensemble, remaining in one form or another a member of the state television broadcaster's drama team between 1961 and 1974.^[2] In 1966 she was a founding member of "Ensemble 66".^[5] Barely ten years later, in 1976, she was a co-founder of the Palace Theatre (Theaters im Palast / TiP) in Berlin, an experimental theatre project that attracted controversy in the East German establishment, and of which Oelschlegel herself served as the high-profile "Intendant" (theatre director/manager) from 1976 till 1990.^[6] During the 1980s she worked with Corinna Harfouch as her "master-pupil" ("Meisterschülerin") at the TiP.^[7] Oelschlegel was also producing plays. She staged Dürrenmatt's Der Meteor and Shakespeare's Merry Wives of Windsor and King John, along with works by Peter Hacks and Ulrich Plenzdorf.

In 1981 Vera Oelschlegel began teaching at the Ernst Busch Academy of Dramatic Arts in Berlin where she conducted masterclasses in acting. In 1984 she became an honorary professor for acting at the academy. ^[8]

Oelschlegel's notability rests as much on her own acting career as on her work in theatre administration, production and teaching. Both within East Germany and more widely, she became particularly known for her Brecht interpretations, especially during the 1960s and 70s.^[8] With her "Ensemble 66" the claim is made that she toured across 37 countries. During her years at the TiP (theatre) she also organised art exhibitions, poetry readings and "composer-portraits" featuring leading artists of the time such as Günter Grass, Christoph Hein, Daniil Granin, Stefan Heym, Luigi Nono, Alfred Schnittke, Paul-Heinz Dittrich und Witold Lutosławski.

The demise of the German Democratic Republic and the formal reunification of Germany a year later meant major upheavals psychologically and in practical terms for the old East German cultural elite. ^[9] One response by Vera Oelschlegel was the publication of her autobiography, entitled "Wenn das meine Mutter wüsst" ("If my mother were to have known that"). The press response was mixed, with some critics complaining about details that had apparently been left out. As one commentator pointed out, even the title was a little misleading, since Vera Oelschlegel's mother was still very much alive. Ruth Oelschlegel had been closely involved in her daughter's early career, and her own work had concerned the management of East German performing artists more generally: if there was anything in the autobiography that her mother still did not know, she had presumably filled in the gap by reading the book.^[6] However, the omissions that most troubled reviewers may well have been those involving Vera Oelschlegel's private life - all three of her husbands achieved notability as members of the East German elite - rather than those concerning her professional career.^[9]

The Theater des Ostens ("Theatre of the East") touring theatre company was founded in 1991. Vera Oelschlegel served as its principal, its drama director and leading actress.^[10] Vera Oelschlegel's retirement from it in 2013 marked its ending.^[10] The company showcased the best of East German drama, employing actors such as Hans-Peter Minetti^[10] and the playwright Heiner Müller.^[11] There was also a focus on the crowd-pleasing classics.^[10] In contrast to the world she had known at the prestigious Palace Theatre, the Theatre of the East operated without public subsidy and was frequently short of money.^[11] It toured extensively across countries where German is widely understood, including Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Each year the company spent several months on the road, traveling with a bus for the members and staff, accompanied by one or more truck(s) for the stage sets and technical equipment, and covering well over 1,000 km (625 miles) in a year.

Family

Vera Oelschlegel was one of her parents' three recorded children. One of her two brothers, Axel Oelschlegel (1942–1989), acquired a certain level of fame in East Germany as a novelist and journalist.^[12]

On her mother's side Vera Oelschlegel comes from a family of achievers. Her grandfather, Carl Lauterbach, was a publisher.

She has been married three times.^[13] Her first husband, to whom she was married between 1961 and 1967, was the dramatist-film director Günther Rücker. Between 1971 and 1976 she was married to the writer Hermann Kant. Her third marriage, between 1977 and 1987, was to the politician and senior Central Committee member, Konrad Naumann.^[14] Between 1988 and 2006 she lived with the screen-writer-journalist Gregor Edelmann. Her life partner since 2008 has been the Zürich and Harvard trained architect Fritz Stuber.^[14]

References

1. Moritz Holfelder (August 2008). Die Schoene und das Biest: Vera Oelschlegel, Intendantin des Theater im Palast. Palast der Republik: Aufstieg und Fall eines symbolischen Gebäudes (Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin). pp. 151–153. ISBN 978-3-86153-491-4.
2. Bernd-Rainer Barth. "Oelschlegel, Vera * 5.7.1938 Schauspielerin, Sängerin, Theaterleiterin". Wer war wer in der DDR?. Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
3. "Vera Oelschlegel ("Ich")". Retrieved 22 January 2016.
4. "Vera Oelschlegel: deutsche Schauspielerin, Sängerin, Regisseurin und Autorin; Prof.". Internationales Biographisches Archiv 31/2012. Munzinger-Archiv GmbH, Ravensburg. 31 July 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
5. "Vera Oelschlegel (1938) biography". The European Biopic Pool. Zeitzeugen-TV Online Portal UG & Co. KG, Berlin. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
6. Regine Sylvester (26 April 1991). ""Weg mit dieser Frau"". Die Zeit (online). Retrieved 23 January 2016.
7. "Biography: Corinna Harfouch". DEFA Film Library, Amherst, MA. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
8. Tanja Krienen (interviewer); Vera Oelschlegel (interviewee) (13 February 2007). ""Deutschland ist ein wunderbares Theaterland" - Interview mit der Intendantin des "Theater des Ostens", Vera Oelschlegel". Hammerschläge. T. Krienen, Waldeck-Freienhagen. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
9. Monika Maron (16 September 1991). "Fettaugen auf der Brühe: Die Schriftstellerin Monika Maron über ehemalige DDR-Größen und ihre Auftritte in den Medien". Der Spiegel (online). Retrieved 23 January 2016.
10. "Vera Oelschlegel: Schauspielerin Regisseurin Dozentin ... Theater des Ostens Berlin". Retrieved 23 January 2016.
11. Detlef Friedrich (19 February 2000). "Für den Westexport". Berliner Zeitung (online). Retrieved 23 January 2016.
12. Ute Tartz (August 2012). "Der Nord Friedhof (Teil 2)". Eutritzscher Rundblick Rundblick. Thomas Engelhardt (Leipziger Info). p. 11. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
13. Anja Maier (interviewer); Vera Oelschlegel (interviewee) (11 August 2012). "Wie oft waren Sie verheiratet? Dreimal. Rücker, Kant, Naumann. Zwei Schriftsteller und ein Funktionär.". taz Verlags u. Vertriebs GmbH, Berlin. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
14. Anja Maier (interviewer); Vera Oelschlegel (interviewee) (11 August 2012). "Ich fand mich nie besonders schön". taz Verlags u. Vertriebs GmbH, Berlin. Retrieved 23 January 2016.