Vesicular-tubular cluster
The vesicular-tubular cluster (VTC), also referred to as the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (or ERGIC), is an organelle in eukaryotic cells. This compartment mediates trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex, facilitating the sorting of cargo.[1] First discovered in 1984,[2] the compartment was first defined as the location within the cell of the mannose-binding membrane lectin called ERGIC-53.[3]
In mammalian organisms, COPII vesicles that have budded from exit sites in the endoplasmic reticulum lose their coats and fuse to form the vesicular-tubular cluster (VTC). Retrieval (or retrograde) transport in COPI vesicles returns many of the lost ER resident proteins back to the endoplasmic reticulum. Forward (or anterograde) transport moves the VTC contents to the cis-Golgi network, the receiving face of the Golgi complex. This process is thought to occur by one of two processes. One is known as cisternal maturation where the VTC simply matures into the cis-Golgi network. In another, COPI vesicular transport moves VTC material to the receiving face of the Golgi apparatus through movement of the VTC along microtubules. A fuller explanation of the two processes is described (see Golgi complex). Evidence exists for both processes and it may be that both occur simultaneously in cells.
References
- ↑ Appenzeller-Herzog C, Hauri HP (June 2006). "The ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC): in search of its identity and function". J. Cell. Sci. 119 (Pt 11): 2173–83. doi:10.1242/jcs.03019. PMID 16723730.
- ↑ Marily G. Farquhar,George E. Palade (January 1998). "The Golgi Apparatus: 100 years of progress and controversy" (PDF). trends in Cell Biology 8 (1): 2–10. doi:10.1016/S0962-8924(97)01187-2. PMID 9695800.
- ↑ Hauri HP, Kappeler F, Andersson H, Appenzeller C (February 2000). "ERGIC-53 and traffic in the secretory pathway". J. Cell. Sci. 113 (4): 587–96. PMID 10652252.