Vilayet Croats

Vilayet Croats
Vilayet-i Hırvat
Borderland of the Ottoman Empire
←
1520s–1537 →

Coat of arms

Capital Sinj
History
 • Ottoman conquest of parts of Dalmatia 1520s
 • Annexation to the Sanjak of Klis 1537
Today part of  Croatia

The Vilayet Croats[1] (Ottoman Turkish: Vilayet-i Hırvat) was a temporary Ottoman borderland entity in Dalmatia in the 16th century.[2] Its capitall was Sinj.

Establishment and territory

Immediately after the Ottoman capture of the Dalmatian hinterland and Lika from the Republic of Venice in the 1520s, they organized it as a borderland entity and named it the Vilayet of "Croats" (Hrvati).[3][4] The southern border of the territory of this vilayet was river Cetina while north-western border was Lika and river Zrmanja.[4][5] It also included region around river Krka.[6] This territory was administratively governed as the Vilayet Croats which belonged to the Sanjak of Bosnia and listed as such in its 1530 defter.[7]

Administration

The capital of this vilayet was Sinj. Its territory was under jurisdiction of the Skradin kadiluk. Aličić claimed that territories of the Vilayet Croats and Skradin kadiluk were the same and that official Ottoman administrative unit Vilayet Croats was under administrative-judicial jurisdiction of Skradin.[8][9]

In 1528 the Vilayet Croats and kadiluk Skradin had following nahiyahs:[10][11]

  1. Sinj and Cetina
  2. Dicmo
  3. Zminje Polje
  4. Vrhrika
  5. Petrovo Polje and Petrova Gora (with seat in Drniš)
  6. Kosovo
  7. Nečven
  8. Strmica
  9. Plavna Popina
  10. Knin
  11. Grahovo
  1. Zečevo
  2. Skradin
  3. Zrmanja
  4. Ostrovica
  5. Benkovac
  6. Bukovica
  7. Kličevac
  8. Karin
  9. Nadin
  10. Obrovac
  11. Podgorje

The first governor of the Vilayet Croats was Malkoč-beg.[12] Around 1537 the governor of Vilayet Croats was Mahmud Bey.[2] Many soldiers from the Vilajet Hrvati participated at the Battle of Mohács. Most of the Ottoman soldiers registered before the battle were labelled as Bosnians or Croats, as designation of the territory they were recruited at.[13] All of them had Muslim names, which proves that process of islamization of newly conquired population was much faster than it was assumed.[14]

The Vilayet Croats was disestablished when it was annexed by the newly established Sanjak of Klis in 1537.[15][16]

References

  1. ↑ Radovi: Razdio povijesnih znanosti 21. Fakultet. 1995. p. 170. There is a solid basis for this theorv because the territorial gains in this Dalmatian territorv were called initially vilayet Croats.
  2. 1 2 Moačanin, Nenad (2006). Town and Country on the Middle Danube: 1526-1690. BRILL. p. 148. ISBN 90-04-14758-6.
  3. ↑ Mayhew, Tea (2008). Dalmatia Between Ottoman and Venetian Rule: Contado Di Zara, 1645-1718. Viella. p. 144. ISBN 978-88-8334-334-6. ... the Ottomans immediately imposed their administrative system on the conquered territory in the Dalmatian hinterland organising the whole territory of the Dalmatian hinterland and Lika as vilajet Hrvati.
  4. 1 2 Supercic, Ivan (15 October 2009). Croatia in the Late Middle Ages and the Renaissance: A Cultural Survey. Philip Wilson Publishers. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-85667-624-6.
  5. ↑ Hrvatsko-Slavonska vojna krajina i Hrvati pod vlašću osmanskoga carstva u ranome novom vijeku. Barbat. 2007. p. 114. ISBN 978-953-7534-02-8.
  6. ↑ Šime Pilić, God. Titius, god.1, br. 1 (2008.), p 107
  7. ↑ Različite refleksije osmanskog osvajanja srednjodalmatinskog zaleđa, Zašto su osmanski popisni defteri nezaobilazni izvori, Anali: Gazi Husrev-Begove Biblioteke;2013, Vol. 34, p103 "Areas that are examined in this paper were conquered before the formation of the Klis Sanjak and were administratively regulated within the Vilayet Croats, which belonged to the Bosnian Sandžak, and was so listed in the extensive census of the Bosnian Sanjak in 1530.
  8. ↑ Fine, John V. A. (5 February 2010). When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods. University of Michigan Press. p. 215. ISBN 0-472-02560-0.
  9. ↑ Mužić, Ivan (1989). Podrijetlo Hrvata: autohtonost u hrvatskoj etnogenezi na tlu rimske provincije Dalmacije. Nakladni Zavod Matice Hrvatske. p. 163. ISBN 978-86-401-0102-8.
  10. ↑ Šabanović, Hazim (1959). Bosanski pašaluk: postanak i upravna podjela. Oslobodenje. p. 176.
  11. ↑ Šehić, Zijad; Tepić, Ibrahim (2002). Povijesni atlas Bosne i Hercegovine: Bosna i Hercegovina na geografskim i historijskim kartama. Sejtarija. p. 60. ISBN 978-9958-39-010-4.
  12. ↑ Prilozi. Institut. 1978. p. 120.
  13. ↑ Fine, John V. A. (5 February 2010). When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods. University of Michigan Press. p. 215. ISBN 0-472-02560-0.
  14. ↑ Fine, John V. A. (5 February 2010). When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods. University of Michigan Press. p. 215. ISBN 0-472-02560-0.
  15. ↑ Mogućnosti. Matica hrvatska, Split. 2000. p. 75.
  16. ↑ Conference, International Research Project "Triplex Confinium." International (2007). Tolerance and Intolerance on the Triplex Confinium: Approaching the "other" on the Borderlands Eastern Adriatic and Beyond, 1500-1800. CLEUP. p. 187. ISBN 978-88-6129-300-7. Concerning the bordering Croat vilayet (in the Klis sandzak from 1537) ...

Further reading

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