Volkhov

Volkhov (English) Волхов (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -
In Volkhov
Location of Leningrad Oblast in Russia
Volkhov Location of Volkhov in Leningrad Oblast
Coordinates: 59°55′N 32°18′E / 59.917°N 32.300°ECoordinates: 59°55′N 32°18′E / 59.917°N 32.300°E
Coat of arms	Flag
Administrative status (as of June 2013)
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Leningrad Oblast[1]
Administrative district	Volkhovsky District[1]
Settlement municipal formation	Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Administrative center of	Volkhovsky District,[1] Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation[1]
Municipal status (as of May 2010)
Municipal district	Volkhovsky Municipal District[2]
Urban settlement	Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Administrative center of	Volkhovsky Municipal District,[2] Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement[2]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census)	47,182 inhabitants[3]
Time zone	MSK (UTC+03:00)[4]
Founded	Beginning of the 20th century[5]
Town status since	December 27, 1933[6]
Previous names	Zvanka (until December 27, 1933),[6] Volkhovstroy (until April 11, 1940)[6]
Postal code(s)[7]	187401–187404, 187406, 187409
Dialing code(s)	+7 81363
Volkhov on Wikimedia Commons

Volkhov (Russian: Во́лхов) is an industrial town and the administrative center of Volkhovsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Volkhov River 122 kilometers (76 mi) east of St. Petersburg. Population: 47,182 (2010 Census);^[3] 46,596 (2002 Census);^[8] 50,325 (1989 Census).^[9]

History

The town developed during the industrialization in the first half of the 20th century.^[5] The settlement of Zvanka (Званка) with a train depot was built here while the railway connecting St. Petersburg with Vologda was being constructed.^[5] It was a part of Novoladozhsky Uyezd of St. Petersburg Governorate. A second rail line running north of the station towards Murmansk was constructed in 1916,^[5] making the station an important railway junction. In 1918, construction of the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station (the first in the Soviet Union) started on this spot.^[5] In 1926, the power plant became operational and in 1932, the first Soviet aluminum plant was launched nearby.^[5]

On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Volkhovsky District, with the administrative center in Zvanka, was established.^[6] The governorates were also abolished and the district became a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.^[6] On August 15, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.^[10] On December 27, 1933, the settlements serving the station, the dam, and the aluminum plant were merged with several adjacent villages to form the town of Volkhovstroy.^[6] On September 19, 1939, Volkhovstroy became a town of oblast significance and on April 11, 1940, it was renamed Volkhov.^[6] In 2010, the administrative structure of Leningrad Oblast was harmonized with its municipal structure^[11] and Volkhov became a town of district significance.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Volkhov serves as the administrative center of Volkhovsky District.^[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Volkhovsky District as Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation.^[1] As a municipal division, Volkhovskoye Settlement Municipal Formation is incorporated within Volkhovsky Municipal District as Volkhovskoye Urban Settlement.^[2]

Economy

Industry

The economy of Volkhov is essentially based on the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station and on the aluminum production plant.^[12]

Transportation

Volkhovstroy I railway station

Volkhov (railway stations Volkhovstroy I and Volkhovstroy II) is an important railway hub. One railway line connects in with St. Petersburg (Moskovsky Rail Terminal), and Volkhovstroy I is the terminal station of suburban trains from St. Petersburg. To the east, a railway line continues to Vologda via Tikhvin and Cherepovets. Another railway line passing through Volkhov connects Chudovo in the south and Lodeynoye Pole, Petrozavodsk, and ultimately Murmansk in the north. In Chudovo, it connects to railway between St. Petersburg and Moscow, so that all traffic between Moscow and Murmansk proceeds via Volkhovstroy.

Volkhov is located on the road connecting Kiselnya on the M18 Highway, which connects St. Petersburg and Murmansk, and Tikhvin, Cherepovets and Vologda. Volkhov is also connected by roads with Kirishi and with Novaya Ladoga. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Volkhov.

The Volkhov River is navigable; however, there is no passenger navigation.

Culture and recreation

The dam of the Volkhov Hydroelectric Station

The district contains five cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally seventeen objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.^[13] The federal monuments are the Volkhov Hydroelectric station, the monument to Genrikh Graftio, the head of the construction of the power plant, the first building of the aluminum plant, as well as the houses where Graftio and Boris Vedeneyev, who was also leading the power plant construction, lived.

Twin towns and sister cities

Volkhov is twinned with:

• Mosjøen, Norway
• Järvenpää, Finland
• Grovskinka, Belarus
• Sundsvall, Sweden

References

Notes

1. Oblast Law #32-oz
2. Law #56-oz
3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
4. Правительство Российской Федерации. Ð¤ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ закон â„–107-ФЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. Â«Ðž внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу Ð¿Ð¾ истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", â„–120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
5. Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. pp. 90–91. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
6. Волховский район (август 1927 г.) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
7. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов â€“ районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 Ñ‚ысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
9. Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
10. Ленинградская область (in Russian). Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
11. Отчет о работе комитета по взаимодействию с органами местного самоуправления Ленинградской области в 2010 году (in Russian). Комитет по печати и связям с общественностью Ленинградской области. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
12. Справочник "Волхов" (in Russian). SPR. Retrieved December 12, 2012.
13. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved December 17, 2012.

Sources

• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. ÐžÐ±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ной закон â„–32-оз Ð¾Ñ‚ 15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона â„–23-оз от 8 мая 2014 г. Â«ÐžÐ± объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силу ÑÐ¾ дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", â„–112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #32-oz of June 15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law #23-oz of May 8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. ÐžÐ±Ð»Ð°ÑÑ‚ной закон â„–56-оз Ð¾Ñ‚ 6 сентября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования Волховский муниципальный район и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Областного закона â„–17-оз от 6 мая 2010 г Â«Ðž внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силу Ñ‡ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ· 10 Ð´Ð½ÐµÐ¹ со дня официального опубликования (24  сентября 2004 Ð³.). Опубликован: "Вестник Правительства Ленинградской области", â„–27, 14 сентября 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #56-oz of September 6, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of Volkhovsky Municipal District and to the Municipal Formations Comprised By It, as amended by the Oblast Law #17-oz of May 6, 2010 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Amending Various Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Due to the Improvement of the Organization of the Local Self-Government". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication (September 24 2004).).