WR 102ka
 The "Peony Nebula," as discovered by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope. This three color infrared composite shows 3.6-micrometre light in blue, 8-micrometre light in green, and 24-micrometre light in red. The Peony nebula is the reddish cloud of dust in and around the white circle, surrounding the Peony nebular star. | |
| Observation data Epoch J2000. Equinox J2000. | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Sagittarius |
| Right ascension | 17h 46m 18.12s[1] |
| Declination | −29° 01′ 36.5″[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | Slash star |
| Spectral type | Ofpe/WN9[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (J) | 13.0[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (H) | 10.3[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (K) | 8.8[1] |
| J−H color index | 2.7[1] |
| J−K color index | 4.2[1] |
| Variable type | |
| Astrometry | |
| Distance | 26k[2] ly (8k[2] pc) |
| Details | |
| Mass | ~100[3] M☉ |
| Radius | 92[2] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 3.2 million[2] L☉ |
| Temperature | 25,100[2] K |
| Age | <3[2] Myr |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
WR 102ka, also known as the Peony star,[4] is a Wolf-Rayet star that is one of several candidates for the most luminous known star in the Milky Way. An even more luminous yet closer star, WR 25, appears to be most likely to the title. Another nearer star Eta Carinae, which was the second brightest star in the sky for a few years in the 19th century, appears to be slightly more luminous than WR 102ka, but is known to be a binary star system. There is also the more recently discovered Pistol star that, like the Peony star, derives its name from the shape of the nebula in which it is embedded, and which it has probably created through heavy mass loss via fierce stellar winds and perhaps also major "mini-supernova-like" eruptions as happened to Eta Carinae around the 1830s-1840s creating the lobes observed by the Hubble Space Telescope.
The luminosities of the Pistol Star, Eta Carinae, and WR 102ka are all rendered somewhat uncertain due to heavy obscuration by galactic dust in the foreground, the effects of which must be corrected for before their apparent brightness can be reduced to estimate their total radiated power or bolometric luminosity. Both Eta Carinae and WR 102ka are believed likely to explode as supernovas or hypernovas within the next few million years. As is typical of such extremely massive and luminous stars, both have expelled a considerable portion of their initial mass, when originally formed, in dense, massive stellar winds.
As WR 102ka lies near the Galactic Center, it is the more distant and heavily obscured of the two, and is essentially totally obscured in visible wavelengths. Thus it must be observed in longer wavelength infrared light, which is able to penetrate the dust. The Spitzer Space Telescope observed WR 102ka at wavelengths of 3.6 µm, 8 µm, and 24 µm on April 20, 2005. The observations were carried out by L. Oskinova, W.-R. Hamann, and A. Barniske of Potsdam University, Germany.[2]
WR 102ka was previously observed by the Two Micron All Sky survey (2MASS) in the near-infrared J, H, and Ks bands, at 1.2 µm, 1.58 µm, and 2.2 µm, respectively.[1]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cutri, R. M.; Skrutskie, M. F.; van Dyk, S.; et al. (March 2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: II/246 2246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Barniske, A.; Oskinova, L. M.; Hamann, W. -R. (2008). "Two extremely luminous WN stars in the Galactic center with circumstellar emission from dust and gas". Astronomy and Astrophysics 486 (3): 971. arXiv:0807.2476. Bibcode:2008A&A...486..971B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809568.
- ↑ Oskinova, L. M.; Steinke, M.; Hamann, W. - R.; Sander, A.; Todt, H.; Liermann, A. (2013). "One of the most massive stars in the Galaxy may have formed in isolation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 436 (4): 3357. arXiv:1309.7651. Bibcode:2013MNRAS.436.3357O. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1817.
- ↑ Wolf-Rainer Hamann; Andreas Barniske; Adriane Liermann; et al. (2011). "The most luminous stars in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds". Société Royale des Sciences de Liège 80: 98. arXiv:1012.1875v1 [astro-ph.SR]. Bibcode:2011BSRSL..80...98H.
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