Wakabayashilite
| Wakabayashilite | |
|---|---|
|
Wakabayashilite on calcite | |
| General | |
| Category | Arsenic sulfide, Sulfosalt mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | [(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5] |
| Strunz classification | 2.FA.40 |
| Crystal system | Orthorhombic |
| Unit cell |
a = 25.262 Å, b = 14.563 Å c = 6.492 Å and V = 2388.4 ų; Z = 4 |
| Identification | |
| Formula mass | 1291.8 grams |
| Color | Golden yellow, lemon yellow, orange yellow |
| Crystal habit | Fibrous |
| Crystal symmetry |
Orthorhombic - pyramidal Point group mm2 Space group Pna21 |
| Cleavage | {100} Perfect, {010} Perfect and {101} Perfect |
| Mohs scale hardness | 1.5 |
| Luster | Silky |
| Streak | Orange, yellow |
| Diaphaneity | Translucent |
| Specific gravity | 3.98 |
| Pleochroism | Strong |
| References | [1][2] |
Wakabayashilite is a rare arsenic, antimony sulfide mineral with formula [(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5].[3]
Discovery and occurrence
Wakabayashilite is a rare mineral first discovered in Nevada in the 1920s, but it was mistaken for a hair orpiment.[4] In the 1970s, wakabayashilite was found in Japan and scientifically identified as a new mineral.[5] It was named after Yaichiro Wakabayashi (1874–1943), a Japanese mineralogist of the Mitsubishi Mining Company in Japan.[1] Wakabayashilite has been discovered later in several places around the world such as in Saha Republic (Russia), Zhuang region (China) and Hautes-Alpes (France). In the United States, Wakabayashilite has be found at the White Caps Mine, Nye County, Nevada. Originally, Wakabayashilite was found in druses of quartz associated with orpiment and realgar, however, it was later found embedded in calcite as well.[3] Generally, it mostly occurs with other arsenic minerals in high-arsenic gold deposits.[5]
Structure and optical properties
Even though Wakabayashilite possesses the hexagonal pseudosymmetry, it actually belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system meaning it contains three axes of different length but are mutually perpendicular to one another.[3][6] It also belongs to the space group Pna21.[3] For its optical properties, Wakabayashilite is a biaxial mineral and its color in plane polarized light is golden-yellow to lemon-yellow and it also has strong pleochroism.[2]
For now, since wakabayashilite is rare, it is of no obvious economical interest. However, there have been some recent research conducted on its interesting structure, pseudosymmetry and twinning.
References
- 1 2 Mindat.org Accessed 10 September 2010.
- 1 2 Webmineral data Accessed 10 September 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 Bonazzi, P., Lampronti, G. I., Bindi, L. and Zanardi, S. (2005) Wakabayashilite,[(As,Sb)6S9][As4S5]: Crystal structure, pseudosymmetry, twinning and revised chemical formula. American Mineralogist, 90, 1108-1114.
- ↑ Gibbs, R.B. (1985) The White Caps Mine, Manhattan. Nevada: Mineralogical Record, 16, 81-88.
- 1 2 http://www.mines.unr.edu/museum/minerals/wakabayashilite.htm. Accessed 18 November 2010.
- ↑ Klein, C., and Dutrow, B. (2007) The 23rd edition of the Manual of Mineral Science, 130. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S.A.