Wendell Smith

Wendell Smith (March 23, 1914 – November 26, 1972) was a noted African American sportswriter who was influential in the choice of Jackie Robinson to become the first African American player in Major League Baseball in the 20th century. The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum currently hosts a web archive and exhibit based on their collection of Smith's writings.[1]

Life and career

A Detroit native, Smith graduated from West Virginia State College where he pitched on the baseball team. One day after winning a game, a major league scout approached him and said that he wished that he could sign him, but couldn't due to baseball's color barrier, and instead signed the opposing pitcher. Thereafter, Smith promised himself that he'd do whatever he could to see an African-American play major league baseball. He also became the sports editor for the college's newspaper his junior year. He began his professional writing career in 1937 with the Pittsburgh Courier, then the most popular paper within the black community in the country.[2] He started as a sports writer and then a sports editor the year after. He covered the Homestead Grays, Pittsburgh Crawfords, and Pittsburgh Pirates of baseball's Negro Leagues for the Courier.[3] Smith also petitioned the Baseball Writers' Association of America for membership but was turned down because he was with the Courier and not one of the white-owned papers.

Smith is credited with recommending Jackie Robinson to Brooklyn Dodgers general manager Branch Rickey who was searching for the individual with strong character to successfully execute the integration of baseball. The Courier offered to pay for Smith to travel with Robinson, who had to stay in separate hotels from his teammates due to segregation policies prevalent at the time. Smith traveled with Robinson in the minors in 1946 and with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947.[4]

Later Smith moved on to Chicago and joined the white-owned Chicago Herald-American. Smith left his baseball beat and covered mostly boxing for the American. In 1948, his application to join the BBWAA was approved, and he became the first African American member of the organization, though he would become the second member of the BBWAA behind Sam Lacey.

Smith moved to television in 1964 when he joined Chicago television station WGN as a sports anchor, though he continued to write a weekly column for the Chicago Sun-Times. Smith died of pancreatic cancer at age 58 in 1972, just a month after Robinson. Coincidentally, Smith, too ill to attend Robinson's funeral, wrote his obituary.[5]

In 1993, he was a posthumous recipient of the J. G. Taylor Spink Award for excellence in journalism. In 1994 Smith was inducted into The Baseball Hall of Fame. His widow Wyonella Smith donated his papers to the Hall of Fame's archives in 1996, providing invaluable research material on the subject of baseball's integration. DePaul University and the University of Notre Dame have presented the Wendell Smith Award to the outstanding player of each match between the schools' men's basketball teams since the 1972–73 season.[6]

In 2014, Smith was the recipient of sports journalism's prestigious Red Smith Award.

In popular culture

Andre Holland portrayed Smith in the 2013 film 42, which tells the story of Jackie Robinson's selection to play for the Dodgers, his professional ordeals, and his early minor and major league play.

References

  1. ↑ Howard, Josh "The Wendell Smith Papers"
  2. ↑ Greenwald, Maurine Weiner, and Margo J. Anderson (1996). Pittsburgh surveyed: social science and social reform in the early twentieth century (Digital ed.). Pittsburgh, Pa: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 282. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
  3. ↑ Buni, Andrew (1974). Robert L. Vann of the Pittsburgh courier: politics and Black journalism. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 145.
  4. ↑ Strauss, Ben. "Friendship as Priceless as the National Pastime," The New York Times, Wednesday, August 22, 2012.
  5. ↑ Plaschke, Bill. "As Jackie Robinson was making history, Wendell Smith wrote it." The Los Angeles Times, April 14, 2013.
  6. ↑ DePaul Basketball A-to-Z – DePaul University Athletics.

External links

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