Wilhelm Höttl
Wilhelm Höttl or Hoettl (19 March 1915 – 27 June 1999) was an Austrian Nazi Party member, and SS member who rose to the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer. He served in the Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service; SD), and by 1944 was acting head of Intelligence and Counter Espionage in Central and South East Europe. After the war ended, Höttl opened a school in Bad Aussee and authored two books. He died in 1999.
Biography
Höttl was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, 19 March 1915. In 1938, at the age of only 23, he received a doctorate in history from the University of Vienna. While still a student there, he joined the Nazi Party (member no. 6309616) and the SS (member no. 309510). From late 1939 until the end of the war in Europe, Höttl was employed almost without interruption by Germany's central intelligence and security agency, the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (RSHA) or Reich Main Security Office.[1] The RSHA was made up of seven main departments, including: the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) or Security Service; the Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) or Security Police, composed of the Gestapo (Secret State Police) and the Kriminalpolizei (Kripo) or Criminal Police.[2]
Höttl was first stationed in Vienna with the SD foreign bureau and then moved to Berlin where he was promoted to the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer (major). In 1944 Höttl became the Ausland-SD's acting head of Intelligence and Counter Espionage in Central and South East Europe. In March he was assigned to Budapest, where he served as second in command to Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler's SS representative in Hungary. In addition, Höttl served as political advisor to Hitler's ambassador there, Edmund Veesenmayer, who reported to Berlin, for example, on the large-scale deportations in 1944 of Jews from Hungary. During his stay in Budapest he was in contact with the Americans in Bern, Switzerland.[3]
Post-war
In March 1945 he contacted OSS authorities in Switzerland and in May 1945 surrendered himself to American authorities in Bad Aussee. Hoettl was then taken to Germany, where he was confined until October 1947 when he was transferred to Austria and confined in Lager Klessheim, Salzburg.[3] During this time Höttl figured prominently as a prosecution witness at the Nuremberg trials. In an affidavit dated 25 November 1945, the thirty-year-old Höttl described a conversation he held with Adolf Eichmann in August 1944 during the closing months of the war. The meeting of the two men took place at Höttl's office in Budapest:
"Approximately 4,000,000 Jews had been killed in the various concentration camps, while an additional 2,000,000 met death in other ways, the major part of whom were shot by operational squads of the Security Police during the campaign against Russia."[4]
He was released from confinement in December 1947 and the US Army refused his extradition to the Austrian People's Courts, which at the time took action against the Nazi perpetrators.[5] In March 1948 he got in contact with the CIC and became subsequently control chief of two espionage operations, namely "MOUNT VERNON" and "MONTGOMERY".[3]
In 1952 Höttl opened a school in Bad Aussee and served as its director until 1980. Under the name Walter Hagen he wrote the books The Secret Front, Enigma Books, 1954 and Unternehmen Bernhard. Ein historischer Tatsachenbericht über die größte Geldfälscheraktion aller Zeiten, Welsermühl Verlag, Wels 1955, a historical report on the biggest currency counterfeit operation in history (the Germans had printed millions of British pounds).
He received a cross of merit for his work as a historian and as a school director, despite the protest of surviving Nazi victims. Höttl died 27 June 1999 in Altaussee, Austria, aged 84.
Notes
- ↑ McNab, Chris. The SS: 1923–1945, p 41.
- ↑ Weale, Adrian. Army of Evil: A History of the SS , pp 140–144.
- 1 2 3 FOIA-document: New Project "MOUNT VERNON" (undated) p.5
- ↑ Nuremberg Trial proceedings, Vol. 3
- ↑ Riegler, "Thomas, Wie der US-Geheimdienst Ex-Nazis anheuerte und so die FPÖ-Gründung förderte", Profil, 4 Dec 2013.
References
- Höttl, Wilhelm. The Secret Front, Enigma Books, 1954, ISBN 1-929631-07-3
- The Trial of Adolf Eichmann, Vol 4, Session, 88.
- Kahn, David. The Secret History of the Author of the Secret Front, Online publication.
- McNab, Chris (2009). The SS: 1923–1945. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906626-49-5.
- Weale, Adrian (2012). Army of Evil: A History of the SS. New York: Caliber Printing. ISBN 978-0451237910.
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