William E.M. Lands

William E.M. Lands (born July 22, 1930) is an American nutritional biochemist who is among the world's foremost authorities on essential fatty acids.[1] Lands graduated from University of Michigan in 1951 and served on the faculty there from 1955 to 1980. He then moved to University of Illinois (1980–1990) and subsequently the National Institutes of Health (1990–2002), where he served as the Senior Scientific Advisor to the Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Lands is credited for discovering the beneficial effects of balancing the effects of excess omega-6 fatty acids with dietary omega-3 fatty acids. The effect of essential fatty acids on formation of hormones is documented in his book, "Fish, Omega-3 and Human Health." University of Michigan's Department of Biological Chemistry endowed a "Lectureship on the Biochemical Basis for the Physiology of Essential Nutrients" in honor of William E.M. Lands.

Lands Lecturers have included:

Upon receipt of a Pfizer Biomedical Research Award in 1985, Lands developed an empirical mathematical relationship showing how metabolism of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 essential fatty acids leads to predictable proportions of their elongated highly unsaturated derivatives (HUFA) accumulated in tissue lipids.[2] After retirement, he changed from publishing as William E.M. Lands to Bill Lands as he put increased attention to primary prevention of health disorders related to excessive actions of omega-6 mediators [3][4] and describing consequences of imbalanced dietary intakes of omega-3 and omega-6 nutrients.[5][6] More recently, Lands described an Omega 3-6 Balance Score that indicates the likely impact of individual food items on the balance of HUFA accumulated in tissues.[7] Lands emphasized that efficient conversion of linoleic acid (18:2n-6) to the n-6 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-6HUFA), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6), competitively displaces n-3 HUFA from tissue phospholipids and creates a narrow therapeutic window for dietary linoleic in the absence of n-3 nutrients.[8] The HUFA balance seen with a finger-tip blood-spot assay [9] monitors dietary intakes of essential fatty acids and predicts the likely intensity of n-6 eicosanoid-mediated pathophysiology.[10] Omega 3-6 Balance Scores are in apps [11] or on-line [12] to aid voluntary food choices [13] that can shift the average American HUFA balance of 75-80 % n-6 in HUFA to values near 6o% (traditional Mediterranean) or 35% (traditional Japanese).

Monograph

Classics Reprints in Biological Chemistry

The editors of The Journal of Biological Chemistry named his 1958 paper [Nicole Kresge, Robert D. Simoni, and Robert L. Hill, Journal of Biological Chemistry Classics, v. 284, p. e3, 2009. http://www.jbc.org/content/284/20/e3] as a "Classic" and published a "Reflections" overview of his work in 2011 [ Lands, B. Everything Is Connected to Everything Else. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, 43589-43595. http://www.jbc.org/content/286/51/43589].

References

  1. ↑ Nicole Kresge, Robert D. Simoni, and Robert L. Hill, Journal of Biological Chemistry Classics, v. 284, p. e3, 2009
  2. ↑ Lands, W.E.M., et al. (1992) Maintenance of lower proportions of n-6 eicosanoid precursors in phospholipids of human plasma in response to added dietary n-3 fatty acids. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 1180:147-162.
  3. ↑ Lands B. A critique of paradoxes in current advice on dietary lipids. Prog Lipid Res. 2008 Mar;47(2):77-106.
  4. ↑ Lands B, Planning primary prevention of coronary disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2009 Jul;11(4):272-80.
  5. ↑ Lands B, Prevent the cause, not just the symptoms. Prost. Other Lipid Med. 2011; 96: 90-93.
  6. ↑ Lands B, Reflections: Everything is connected to everything else. J.Biol.Chem. 2011 Dec.23; 286(51): 43589-43595
  7. ↑ Lands B, Lamoreaux E, Describing essential fatty acid balance as 3 - 6 differences rather than 3/6 ratios. Nutrition & Metabolism 2012, 9: 46-54.
  8. ↑ Lands B. Historical perspectives on the impact of n-3 and n-6 nutrients on health. Prog Lipid Res 2014, 55, 17–29. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163782714000253
  9. ↑ Bibus D., Lands B. Balancing proportions of competing omega-3 and omega-6 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in tissue lipids. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015, Apr 18, pii: S0952-3278(15)00087-3, doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2015.04.005, PubMed PMID 26002802 http://www.plefa.com/article/S0952-3278(15)00087-3/pdf
  10. ↑ Lands B. Omega-3 PUFAs lower the propensity for arachidonic acid cascade over-reactions. BioMed Res Int 2014, Dec, Article ID 285135 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4537720/
  11. ↑ Omega 3-6 Balance Apps download site: http://efaeducation.org/omega_foods_apps/omega-3-6-apps/
  12. ↑ Omega 3-6 Balance Scores on-line: http://omega3scores.com
  13. ↑ Clark C., Lands B. 2015. Creating Benefits from Omega-3 Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 6:1613-1623. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2015.617166


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