William Elgin Swinton

William Elgin Swinton (September 30, 1900 in Kirkcaldy – June 12, 1994 in Toronto), was a Scottish paleontologist.

Life

William Swinton was born as the son of William Wilson Swinton jr, a clerk, and Rachel Cargill; he had one sibling, his younger sister Mary.^[1] He received his secondary education in Dundee and Glenalmond. From 1917 onwards, he studied at the University of Glasgow, from which he graduated in 1922. In 1920, he partook in an expedition to Spitsbergen. Between 1922 and 1924, he was an assistant at the geology department of the British Museum (Natural History) in London. Subsequently, Swinton was appointed as a curator of fossil amphibians, reptiles and birds. In 1933, he received his Ph.D from the University of Glasgow.

He enlisted in the Royal Navy in 1937, and served during the entire Second World War with Navy intelligence, eventually reaching the rank of Lieutenant commander. In the late 1950s he joined an expedition to climb Mount Everest, but he failed to reach the summit. He received the Darwin Medal from the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1959. Two years later, he emigrated to Canada to take up a post in Toronto.

He died in that city in 1994, 93 years old. Swinton remained unmarried and had no children.

Career at the British Museum (Natural History)

At the museum, Swinton was responsible for writing a large number of museum guides and books; the latter mainly popularizing works about paleontology. One of his most famous works was The Dinosaurs from 1934.^[2] These books were translated into many languages, making him influential in determining the public perception of dinosaurs in the middle of the twentieth century. However, his ideas on the subject were already old-fashioned at the time, and this problem became more urgent as the books were being reprinted for decades.

Career in Canada

Swinton left the BMNH in 1961, to accept a post as professor of zoology at the University of Toronto, Canada. He combined this post with the directorship of the department of biology at the Royal Ontario Museum, and was soon appointed a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1963, he became overall director of the ROM. Under his directorship, the museum gained both in public attendance and scientific prestige.^[3] His last appointment, until 1979, was as an extraordinary professor at Queen's University in Kingston.

Publications

• The Dinosaurs: a short history of a great group of extinct reptiles (1934)^[4]
• A Guide to the Fossil Birds (1934)
• The Science of Living Things (1935)
• The Corridor of Life (1948)
• The Wonderful World of Prehistoric Animals (1952)
• Fossil Amphibians and Reptiles (1954)
• The Story of Prehistoric Animals (1961)
• Dinosaurs (1962; British Museum Publication)
• Digging for Dinosaurs (1964)
• Dinosaurs of Canada (1965)
• The Dinosaurs (1970)

Literature

• Alan Charig (1994) "Obituary: Professor William Swinton", The Independent June 28, 1994. Accessed 15 Nov 2013.
• R. Cocks, "William Elgin Swinton, 1900–1994", Museums Journal, 94 (Aug 1994), 42.
• Chris McGowan & Anita McConnell, "Swinton, William Elgin (1900–1994)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 15 Nov 2013.
• Wolfgang Saxon (1994). "W. E. Swinton, 93; Dinosaur Authority Wrote Textbooks", New York Times June 17, 1994. Accessed 15 Nov 2013.

References

1. Swinton genealogy chart at the Swinton family website, www.swintonfamilysociety.org
2. Alan Charig (1994) Obituary: Professor William Swinton, The Independent June 28, 1994.
3. Chris McGowan & Anita McConnell, "Swinton, William Elgin (1900–1994)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 15 Nov 2013
4. W.E. Swinton, The Dinosaurs (1934) at Google Books