William Hardy Wilson
| William Hardy Wilson | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born |
14 February 1881 Campbelltown, New South Wales |
| Died |
16 December 1955 (aged 74) Richmond, Victoria |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Occupation | Architect |
| Buildings |
Eryldene, Gordon, New South Wales (Built 1914) Purulia, Wahroonga, New South Wales (Built 1916) War Memorial, Newington College (Built 1921) |
| Projects |
Domestic architecture in Australia (Published 1919) Old Colonial Architecture of New South Wales and Tasmania (Published 1924) |
Purulia(Fox_Valley_Rd)-2.jpg)
Macquarie_Cottage-1.jpg)
William Hardy Wilson (14 February 1881 – 16 December 1955) was an Australian architect, artist and author.[1] He "is regarded as one of the most outstanding architects of the twentieth century".[2]
Early years
Wilson was born in Campbelltown, New South Wales in 1881, the second son of William and Jessie Wilson, and attended Newington College (1893–1898). He was a younger brother of David Wilson KC (1870–1965). The following year he was articled to the firm of Kent & Budden and studied at the Sydney Technical College. During this period he took instruction in art from Sydney Long.
Career
Upon completion of his articles he went to England and successfully sat for the intermediate and final examinations of the Royal Institute of British Architects. In London his circle of friends included George Washington Lambert and Arthur Streeton, and he served as secretary of the Chelsea Arts Club. Wilson travelled widely in Europe and the United States of America and became interested in the American Colonial style of architecture. After returning to Sydney in 1910, he married Margaret McKenzie, and in 1913 he went into partnership with Stacey Neave. Wilson exhibited regularly with the Society of Artists, and with other artists he founded the Fine Arts Society. In 1923 his work was hung in the Exhibition of Australian Art at Burlington House, London.
Architectural legacy
Wilson designed mainly homes and small commercial buildings. Having been impressed by the Colonial Revival style in the US, he sought to do something similar in Australia. Nowadays he is particularly remembered for three of his homes, all of them on Sydney's North Shore and all of them now heritage-listed.[3] He is regarded as a key practitioner of the Inter-War Georgian Revival style.[4]
- Eryldene, located in McIntosh Street, Gordon, was designed by Wilson and Prof. Eben Gowrie Waterhouse and built circa 1913. Wilson designed the layout of the gardens as well as garden structures like a moon gate, tea house, fountain, pigeon house, summerhouse and garden furniture. The garden is heritage-listed along with the house. The house shows the influence of the Indian bungalow style. It is open to the public at set times.[5]
- Macquarie Cottage, in Avon Road, Pymble, was built in 1918 in a Georgian Revival style. It is a single-storey house featuring deep eaves, a slate roof and a verandah with columns.
- Purulia, located in Fox Valley Road, Warrawee, was Wilson's own home, designed in Georgian Revival style and built in 1913. It was considered unusual at the time, but eventually had a great influence on the design of North Shore homes. It bears a strong resemblance to Eryldene, with similar gardens and features.
Published works
In 1920 he published The Cow Pasture Road, and Wilson and Neave invited John Berry to join the partnership. The following year Wilson visited China, and his architectural style started at that time to include Oriental elements. Wilson contributed to Art in Australia, The Home, and The Sydney Morning Herald. In 1924 he published Old Colonial Architecture in New South Wales and Tasmania, a large book of his drawings undertaken between 1912 and 1922.[6] His other published books were The Dawn of a New Civilization (1929), Yin Yang (1934), Collapse of Civilization (1936), Grecian and Chinese Architecture (1937), Eucalyptus (1941), Instinct (1945), Atomic Civilization (1949) and Kurrajong: Sit-Look-See (1954).
Later life
In 1927 he left his architectural partnership and lived for three years in London before returning to Australia to live in Melbourne and then northwestern Tasmania. After the death of his first wife he married Elsie MacLean, and from 1940 they lived between a property at Wandin, near Mount Dandenong, and Kew in Melbourne.
Wilson was a notorious anti-Semite and during the 1930s and 40s an enthusiast for the cause of German and Italian Fascism which came to the notice of the security authorities on several occasions. He blamed Jews for thwarting his professional advancement and published in 1939 a plan for a guarded settlement for Jewish refugees in the Dandenongs.[7]
Wilson died in Richmond on 16 December 1955, survived by his wife and by the son of his first marriage.
Images
William Hardy Wilson made drawings of a variety of subjects including early Australian domestic architecture , colonial homesteads and churches and poultry and other birds .
Bibliography
- William Hardy Wilson, A 20th Century Colonial Edited by Caroline Simpson, National Trust of Australia (NSW) Sydney, 1981 ISBN 0-949284-55-6
- William Hardy Wilson - Artist, Architect, Orientalist, Visionary Edited by Zeny Edwards, Watermark Press, Sydney, 2001 ISBN 0-909723-76-1
- Edwards, Z. (2002), ‘The linguist and the garden’, Australian Garden History, 14 (2), p. 10.
- Simpson, C. (1999), ‘William Hardy Wilson’, Australian Garden History, 11 (3), pp. 4–9.
External links
- Collection of images held in the Pictures Collection, National Library of Australia, Canberra
- Article about William Hardy Wilson
- Eryldene - house designed by Wilson
References
- ↑ Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
- ↑ State Library of New South Wales
- ↑ The Heritage of Australia, Macmillan Company, 1981, p.2/33
- ↑ A Pictorial Guide to Identifying Australian Architecture, Apperley (Angus and Robertson) 1994, pp. 150-153
- ↑ Eryldene Website
- ↑ Simpson, C. (2002), ‘Wilson, (William) Hardy), in R. Aitken and M. Looker (eds), Oxford Companion to Australian Gardens, South Melbourne, Oxford University Press, p. 646.
- ↑ Bird, David 'Nazi Dreamtime: Australian Enthusiasts for Hitler’s Germany' Melbourne, 2012 p 127 and 'passim'
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