William Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton

The Right Honourable The Lord Lyttelton
A c. 1849 oil on millboard portrait of Lord Lyttelton by an unknown artist in the collection of the National Library of Australia
Member of Parliament for Worcestershire
In office 1806 – 1820 Serving with Hon. William Beauchamp Lygon
Personal details
Born	3 April 1782
Died	30 April 1837 (aged 55) Green Park, London, England, UK
Nationality	United Kingdom
Political party	Whig
Spouse(s)	Lady Sarah Spencer
Education	Rugby School
Alma mater	Christ Church, Oxford
Profession	Politician
Religion	Anglicanism
Signature
Lyttelton's signature from a copy of Blackstone's The Great Charter and Charter of the Forest (1759)[1]

William Henry Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton (3 April 1782 – 30 April 1837) was an English Whig politician from the Lyttelton family.

Early life and education

Born on 3 April 1782, William Lyttelton was the son of William Henry Lyttelton, 1st Baron Lyttelton, by his second marriage to Caroline, daughter of John Bristow of Quiddenham, Norfolk. He was educated at Rugby School,^[2] then matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, on 24 October 1798 and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) on 17 June 1802 and a Master of Arts (M.A.) on 13 December 1805. A student from December 1800 until 1812 and a brilliant scholar of Greek,^[2] on 5 July 1810 he was created a Doctor of Civil Law (D.C.L.) on the occasion of Lord Grenville's installation as Chancellor of the University of Oxford.^[3]

In the House of Commons

Lyttelton unsuccessfully contested Worcestershire in March 1806, but was returned in the following year, and represented the county until 1820 for the Whig party. His maiden speech was made on 27 February 1807 in favour of the rejection of the Westminster petition; and on 16 March he brought forward a motion (rejected by 46 votes) expressing regret at the substitution of the Duke of Portland's administration for Lord Grenville's. He attacked the new ministers, especially Spencer Perceval, for bigotry. He supported the naval expedition to Copenhagen in opposition to the bulk of his party, but voted with them on the motion of Samuel Whitbread for the production of papers relative to it.^[3]

Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (1763–1827) in 1790. Lyttelton alleged that the Duke, who was the second child of George III, had corrupted members of parliament.

Lyttelton felt the Whig jealousy of the influence of the court. In supporting John Christian Curwen's bill for the prevention of the sale of seats, he suggested that the Duke of York and Albany, the late Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, had to some extent corrupted members of parliament; and in speaking on the budget resolutions of 1808 he declared his belief that the influence of the prerogative had increased. Again, on 4 May 1812, in a debate on the Royal Sinecure Offices Bill, he said that the Prince Regent was surrounded by favourites. Nevertheless, Lyttelton in 1819 thought that the "revolutionary faction of the radicals" ought to be opposed. In the same session he thought an inquiry was needed into the Peterloo massacre.^[3]

Lyttelton advocated abolishing the system of having climbing boys sweep chimneys, and was a strong opponent of the property tax. He supported Richard Brinsley Sheridan's motion of 6 February 1810 against the standing order for the exclusion of strangers from the house. In the same session, on 16 February, he opposed the voting of an annuity to the Duke of Wellington. He spoke strongly against the Alien Bill in 1816 and 1818.^[3]

In the House of Lords

On the death of his half-brother George Lyttelton, 2nd Baron Lyttelton, on 12 November 1828, Lyttelton succeeded to the title. He did not take much part in the debates of the House of Lords, but on 6 December 1831 he made an speech in favour of the Reform Bill in the debate on the address. He was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Worcestershire on 29 May 1833.^[3]

Death

St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, memorial to William Henry Lyttelton, 3rd Baron Lyttelton, and his wife Sarah, née Spencer

Lyttelton died at the house of John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer, his brother-in-law, in Green Park, London, on 30 April 1837, aged 55.^[3]

Works

Sydney Smith's Letters of Peter Plymley were for a time ascribed to Lyttelton before their authorship was known. In August 1815, through his friendship with the captain, he obtained a passage on board the HMS Northumberland (1798) from Portsmouth to Plymouth to witness Napoleon's departure into exile,^[2] and privately printed 52 copies of An Account of Napoleon Buonaparte's Coming on Board H.M.S. Northumberland, 7 Aug. 1815; with Notes of Two Conversations Held with Him. He also printed a Catalogue of Pictures at Hagley (date of publication unknown), and published Private Devotions for School Boys.^[3]

Family

A 19th-century portrait of Lady Sarah Spencer, Lyttelton's wife, by John Jackson

Lyttelton married Lady Sarah Spencer, daughter of George John, 2nd Earl Spencer, on 4 March 1813; she was for a time governess to the children of Queen Victoria and a Lady of the Bedchamber, and died 13 April 1870. They had three sons and two daughters:^[3]

• Caroline (1816–1902), who died unmarried;
• George William (1817–1876), who succeeded to the title as the 4th Baron Lyttelton;
• Spencer (1818–1882), who became marshal of the ceremonies to the Royal Household;
• William Henry (1820–1884), who became a priest and Canon of Gloucester;
• Lavinia (1821–1850), wife of Henry Glynne, rector of Hawarden.^[3]

• 

  St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, grave of George William, 4th Baron Lyttelton

• 

  St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, grave of Spencer Lyttelton (1818–1882)

• 

  St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, grave of William Henry Lyttelton (1820–1884)

• 

  St John the Baptist Church, Hagley, grave of Caroline Lyttleton (1816–1902)

References

• Burke's Peerage and Baronetage (1939), s.v. Cobham, Viscount

Notes

1. William Blackstone (1759), The Great Charter and Charter of the Forest, with other Authentic Instruments: To which is Prefixed an Introductory Discourse, Containing the History of the Charters. By William Blackstone, Esq; Barrister at Law, Vinerian Professor of the Laws of England, and D.C.L., Oxford: Clarendon Press, OCLC 4547269.
2. Angus Trumble (August 2003), "The Barons Lyttelton of Frankley" (PDF), National Library of Australia News XIII (11): 3–6 at 5.
3.  "Lyttelton, William Henry (1782–1837)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Attribution

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Lyttelton, William Henry (1782–1837)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Lord Lyttelton