William Tappan Thompson

William Tappan Thompson
Born	William Tappan Thompson August 31, 1812 Ravenna, Ohio, U.S.
Died	March 24, 1882 (aged 69) Savannah, Georgia, U.S.
Residence	Savannah, Georgia, U.S.
Nationality	American (1812–1861) Confederate (1861–1865)
Occupation	Writer, editor
Organization	Savannah Daily Morning News
Known for	Helping to design the second Confederate national flag
Political party	Democratic[1][2]

William Tappan Thompson (August 31, 1812 – March 24, 1882) was an American writer who co-founded the Savannah Morning News in the 1850s, known then as the Daily Morning News. One of his most notable works was Major Jones's Courtship, an epistolary novel. Thompson's best-known fictional character was Major Joseph Jones.^[1]

Originally from Ohio, Thompson moved to Savannah, Georgia, where he co-founded the Daily Morning News and became an editor. During the American Civil War, he supported the Confederacy and its cause, helping to design the "Stainless Banner," which was used as the Confederacy's national flag from 1863 to 1865.^{[3][4][5][6][7][2]}

After the war ended, Thompson, a supporter of the Democrats, opposed the Republican Party's post-war efforts in the southern U.S. states, as well as the granting of civil rights to African Americans.^[1][2]

Early life and education

Thompson was born on August 31, 1812, in Ravenna, Ohio.

Career

The second national flag of the Confederacy, which Thompson and William Ross Postell helped to design. ^{[3][4][5][6][7][2]}

Upon moving to Savannah, Georgia, in the 1850s, he co-founded the Savannah Morning News. Thompson left the paper in 1867 to travel in Europe. In 1868, he returned, and the paper was renamed Savannah Daily Morning News for one edition, then was changed to the current name the following day.^[1]

Thompson supported the Confederacy during the American Civil War.^[1] In 1863, as the editor of the Morning News he proposed a design that would ultimately become the Confederacy's second national flag, which would be come to known as the "Stainless Banner", though he used a different name for the flag.^[3][4][2][8]

In a series of editorials, Thompson wrote why his flag's design should be chosen to represent the Confederacy:

As a people, we are fighting to maintain the Heaven-ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or colored race; a white flag would thus be emblematical of our cause.^[5]… Such a flag…would soon take rank among the proudest ensigns of the nations, and be hailed by the civilized world as THE WHITE MAN'S FLAG [sic].^[6]

In May 1863, a few days after his design was chosen by the Confederacy, Thompson applauded its decision, stating:

As a national emblem, it is significant of our higher cause, the cause of a superior race, and a higher civilization contending against ignorance, infidelity, and barbarism. Another merit in the new flag is, that it bears no resemblance to the now infamous banner of the Yankee vandals.^[7][9]

Late life and death

After the Civil War ended, Thompson, who was a fervent supporter of the Democrats, opposed the Republican Party's efforts for over taxation of the southern states.^[1][2] He died on March 24, 1882 in Savannah, Georgia.^[1]

See also

• Georgia in the American Civil War
• Flags of the Confederate States of America

References

1. Shippey, Herbert (July 18, 2002). "William T. Thompson". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College.
2. Loewen, James W.; Sebesta, Edward H. (2010). The Confederate and Neo Confederate Reader: The Great Truth about the 'Lost Cause'. Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi. pp. 13, 194–197. ISBN 978-1-60473-219-1. OCLC 746462600. Retrieved December 5, 2013. The second, often called 'the Stainless Banner,' included the battle flag in its upper corner but was otherwise pure white. The Georgia editor shows this to be no accident: 'As a people we are fighting to maintain the Heaven-ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or colored race; a white flag would thus be emblematical of our cause.'
3. Preble, George Henry (1872). Our Flag: Origin and Progress of the Flag of the United States of America. Albany, New York: Joel Munsell. pp. 414–417. OCLC 423588342. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
4. Preble, George Henry (1880). History of the Flags of the United States of America: Second Revised Edition. Boston: A. Williams and Company. pp. 523–525. OCLC 645323981. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
5. Thompson, William T. (April 23, 1863). "Daily Morning News". Savannah, Georgia.
6. Thompson, William T. (April 28, 1863). "Daily Morning News". Savannah, Georgia.
7. Thompson, William T. (May 4, 1863). "Daily Morning News". Savannah, Georgia.
8. Coski, John M. (May 13, 2013). "The Birth of the 'Stainless Banner'". The New York Times. New York: The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on January 27, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2014. A handful of contemporaries linked the new flag design to the "peculiar institution" that was at the heart of the South's economy, social system and polity: slavery. Bagby characterized the flag motif as the "Southern Cross" – the constellation, not a religious symbol – and hailed it for pointing 'the destiny of the Southern master and his African slave' southward to 'the banks of the Amazon,' a reference to the desire among many Southerners to expand Confederate territory into Latin America. In contrast, the editor of the Savannah, Ga., Morning News focused on the white field on which the Southern Cross was emblazoned. "As a people, we are fighting to maintain the heaven-ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or colored races. A White Flag would be thus emblematical of our cause." He dubbed the new flag "the White Man's Flag," a sobriquet that never gained traction.
9. Preble, George Henry (1872). Our Flag: Origin and Progress of the Flag of the United States of America, with an Introductory Account of the Symbols, Standards, Banners and Flags of Ancient and Modern Nations. Albany: Joel Munsell. p. 535. Retrieved 7 July 2015.

External links

• William T. Thompson at the New Georgia Encyclopedia