Willis Benson Machen
| Willis Benson Machen | |
|---|---|
 Official Congressional portrait | |
| United States Senator from Kentucky | |
|
In office September 27, 1872 – March 3, 1873 | |
| Preceded by | Garrett Davis |
| Succeeded by | Thomas C. McCreery |
| Member of the Kentucky House of Representatives | |
|
In office 1856–1860 | |
| Member of the Kentucky Senate | |
|
In office 1854 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
April 10, 1810 Caldwell County, Kentucky |
| Died |
September 29, 1893 (aged 83) Hopkinsville, Kentucky |
| Resting place | Riverview Cemetery |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) |
Margaret A. Lyon Eliza W. Dobbins Theresa Mims |
| Relations |
Son-in-law of Chittenden Lyon Grandfather of Zelda Fitzgerald |
| Residence | Mineral Mount |
| Alma mater | Cumberland College |
| Occupation | Farmer, Iron worker |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Methodist |
Willis Benson Machen (April 10, 1810 – September 29, 1893) was a Democratic U.S. Senator from Kentucky.
Early life
Willis B. Machen was born the son of Henry and Nancy (Tarrant) Machen on April 10, 1810 in Caldwell County, Kentucky (now Lyon County, Kentucky).[1] He attended the common schools of the area and became a farmer.[1] Machen attended Cumberland College in Princeton, and then engaged in agricultural pursuits near Eddyville.
In addition to farming, Machen worked at the Livingston iron forge.[2] Soon, he and a partner opened their own business, but it failed and nearly led Machen to financial ruin.[3] Eventually, he was able to repay his debts, and he began building turnpikes.[3] An injury forced him to abandon that course as well, so he turned to the practice of law.[3] He was admitted to the bar in 1844 and quickly built up a large clientele.[2][3]
Machen married Margaret A. Lyon, daughter of U.S. Representative Chittenden Lyon and granddaughter of U.S. Representative Colonel Matthew Lyon.[4]
Political career
Machen was delegate to the State constitutional convention in 1849, was a member of the Kentucky Senate in 1854, and was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1856 and 1860.
When a group of secessionist Kentuckians formed a Confederate government for the state, the Kentucky Confederate legislative council elected Machen as its president.[5] Machen represented Kentucky's 1st congressional district in the First Confederate Congress, serving on the Accounts and Ways and Means Committees.[2] He was re-elected to the Second Confederate Congress and worked in the quartermaster and commissary departments.[2] In total, he served in the Confederate Congress from February 22, 1862 until its dissolution in April 1865.[2]
After the close of the war, Machen, fearing reprisals for his alignment with the Confederacy, fled to Canada; his third wife and daughters Minnie and Marjorie joined him there. In 1869, President Ulysses S. Grant issued a pardon for Machen, and he returned to Kentucky.[6]
Friends encouraged Machen to run for governor, but there were questions about his eligibility, and he declined.[7] On July 9, 1872, Kentucky's delegates to the Democratic National Convention in Baltimore, Maryland nominated Machen for the office of Vice-President of the United States; he received one electoral vote.[4]
On September 22, 1872, Governor Preston H. Leslie appointed Machen to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Garrett Davis.[4] When the Kentucky Senate re-convened, he was formally elected to the seat on January 21, 1873, defeating Republican Tarvin Baker by a vote of 104–18.[1][2] He served from September 27, 1872, to March 3, 1873.
Later life
Following his congressional tenure, he resumed agricultural interests. He also jointly owned several iron furnaces in Lyon County; it was at one of these furnaces that William Kelly invented his process for making steel rails.[4] In 1880, Machen was appointed to the Kentucky Railroad Commission, serving one full term.[4]
Following his term on the railroad commission, Machen retired to Mineral Mound, his 1,000-acre (4 km2) estate on the Cumberland River near Eddyville, where he raised tobacco.[7] He died September 29, 1893 at the Western Asylum in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, and was interred in Riverview Cemetery in Eddyville.[2] Today, Machen's former estate is the site of Mineral Mound State Park.
References
- 1 2 3 National Cyclopedia, p. 395
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kleber, p. 598
- 1 2 3 4 Milford, p. 3
- 1 2 3 4 5 Johnson
- ↑ Kent Masterson Brown, ed. (2000). "The Government of Confederate Kentucky". The Civil War in Kentucky: Battle for the Bluegrass. Mason City, Iowa: Savas Publishing Company. pp. 69–98. ISBN 1-882810-47-3.
- ↑ Cline, p. 17
- 1 2 Milford, p. 4
- United States Congress. "Willis Benson Machen (id: M000012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Cline, Sally (2004). Zelda Fitzgerald: Her Voice in Paradise. Arcade Publishing. pp. 16–19. ISBN 1-55970-718-6. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- Johnson, Rossiter (1904). The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans. The Biographical Society. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- Kleber, John E. (1992). Kleber, John E., ed. The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Associate editors: Thomas D. Clark, Lowell H. Harrison, and James C. Klotter. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
- Milford, Nancy (1983). Zelda. HarperCollins. pp. 3–4. ISBN 0-06-091069-0. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
- The National Cyclopedia of American Biography. J.T. White. 1904. p. 395. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
Further reading
- McLaughlin, James Fairfax (1900). Matthew Lyon, the Hampden of Congress. Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford Company. pp. 422–426. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
| United States Senate | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Garrett Davis |
U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Kentucky 1872–1873 Served alongside: John W. Stevenson |
Succeeded by Thomas C. McCreery |
|